CAREERS IN THERAPEUTIC SERVICES: ANIMAL HEALTH CARE
OUTLINE FOR NOTES
HEALTH CARE CAREERS NAME: ______
1. The ______health care field is similar to the human health care field in many respects of medical knowledge. Some people consider the animals they own to be ‘members of the family’. Animal health care workers work in zoos and zoological parks, laboratories, kennels, animal shelters, veterinary clinics and hospitals, stables, pet supply and grooming retail stores, or aquariums.
2. In human medicine, the doctor studies one species. ______are
animal doctors, and study at least _____species: dogs, cats, horses, cows, and sheep. Some veterinarian colleges focus on domesticated animals and include poultry, swine, and goats. Others focus on birds, reptiles, zoo animals, fish, native wildlife, or small animals such as hamsters and guinea pigs.
3. The majority of veterinarians work with ______animals: dogs and cats. A veterinarian diagnoses animal diseases, treats sick and injured animals, prevents transmission of animal diseases to humans, teaches owners how to care for animals, and/or works in animal preservation.
4. The veterinarian ______cannot diagnose, perform surgery, or prescribe medications, but can do examinations, collect blood, urine, tissue, and fecal samples, administer medications, induce anesthesia, clean and bandage wounds, take Xrays, assist in diagnostic procedures, clean teeth, and prep animals for surgery.
5. The veterinary ______helps the veterinarians and veterinary technicians. A veterinary assistant cleans cages, exercises, feeds, and bathes animals, collects samples for testing, performs clerical duties such as answering phones, greeting clients, collecting payments, maintaining records.
6. The ______technician cares for animals used in research and teaching. Levels of education vary, but all must be certified by the American Association for Laboratory Animal Science. The use of animals for research is closely regulated by the federal government. Workers must follow procedures carefully. Some research technicians are able to perform advanced skills such as surgery.
7. An animal ______brushes out, bathes, blow dries, clips, and styles animal hair. They trim nails and clean ears. They may paint nails or add bows and ribbons. Groomers may also answer phones, schedule appointments, sell pet food and supplies, collect information about a pet’s disposition, report medical problems such as skin or ear infections, or operate a business. The groomer may also assist in obedience training, pet day care, or breeding.
8. A ______is a disease that humans can get from animals. Even animals that appear healthy can transmit diseases. The animal health care worker needs to wear masks and gloves during some procedures, manage vaccination programs for animals (such as rabies), use approved sanitation standards and good personal hygiene.
9. Animal ______, whether from dogs, cats, horses, or tigers, are the major cause of injuries in the animal health care industry. Other potential hazards are scratches, anesthesia, medical waste, radiation from Xrays, chemicals, drugs, and excessive noise.
10. The animal health care worker must deal with their own emotions, as well as those of the pet owner. They may witness cases of animal abuse. They may have to euthanize an animal.
______is the painless and merciful termination of life of a hopelessly sick or injured animal. The animal health care worker sometimes assists the pet owner in the final disposition of the pet’s remains.
11. A ______is the examination of an animal’s stool sample,
usually looking for the ova (eggs) or larvae (early form) of ______living in the animal’s intestines. A centrifuge is used to spin and separate the specimen. A microscope is used for the examination. Parasites can be very harmful to the animal’s health.
12. The ______is a series of tests performed on the urine of the animal. It can detect urinary tract infections, blood in the urine, and other abnormalities.
A refractometer (TS Meter) is used to determine the specific gravity or density of the urine, which may give some indication of a kidney problem.
1. The ______is a doctor of optometry (O.D.), although he or she is not a medical doctor. The optometrist can examine the eye to diagnose vision problems and eye diseases. The optometrist uses instruments to examine eye health, test visual acuity, depth and color perception, and ability to focus the eye; prescribes eyeglasses and contact lenses, provides vision therapy and rehabilitation, administers drugs to aid in the diagnosis of vision problems or treat eye diseases, and refers clients to other health care practitioners.
2. The ______is a medical doctor (M.D.) who can perform all the same duties as an optometrist and treat injuries of the eye and eye surgery.
3. ______are a cloudy area on an eye lens that interferes with the entrance of light into the eye and causes a loss of vision. When the cataract is removed, it is replaced with an artificial lens.
4. While corrective lenses can address these issues, surgery is another option to help ______
(nearsightedness) and ______(farsightedness).
5. ______is a condition caused by an irregularly shaped cornea, and results in blurred vision.
______(prez-bē-ō-pē-ə) is the inability of the eye lens to focus incoming light, resulting in blurred vision and eyestrain while reading. It is often a condition of aging.
6. A laser is used to perform ______eye surgery (Laser-assisted in situ keratomileusis) in which small pieces of corneal tissue are removed to reshape the cornea, and affect the way light focuses onto the retina. This improves or corrects vision.
7. The ______works as an assistant to the ophthalmologist.
The orthoptist can diagnose and treat clients with ______(lazy eye) and
______(mis-aligned or cross-eyed). They teach children and their parents exercises to strengthen eye muscles.
8. Ophthalmic medical personnel include the ophthalmic ______,
______, and ______. They instruct the client in the use and care of contact lenses, perform clerical duties, administer topical and oral medications, and take eye measurements.
9. ______usually work in an optical department of a retail store or pharmacy. They work with clients, read lens prescriptions, recommend eyeglass frames based on occupation, habits, and facial features of the client, fix, adjust, and fit frames, grind and insert lenses into frames, and measure client’s eyes.
10. The ______is used to test far vision. The largest letter is the smallest letter the eye can distinguish at 200 feet. The smallest letter is what the eye can distinguish at 10 feet. People with normal or far vision can read the ‘20’ line at 20 feet. This is known as 20/20 vision. Near vision is tested using a handheld chart or card held at normal reading distance.
11. An ‘E’ chart (the client uses their hand to imitate which way the E’s are pointing) or picture chart can be used with young children who cannot read.
When using a card or eye ______to block the vision from one eye while testing the other eye… do not touch the card or occluder to the eye; keep both eyes open.
12. The ability to perceive color is based upon the ability to see red, green, and blue. ‘______
______’ usually refers to a client’s inability to perceive certain colors, not all colors (which would be rare). It is more prevalent in men than women, and is hereditary. Lack of color perception can lead to learning difficulties, and prove difficult for truck drivers or airline pilots in their job performance.
The ______(Japanese ophthalmologist ish-ē-här-ah) is a color vision screening test using colored dots.
13. The ______usually has a masters or doctorate degree in audiology, as well as clinical experience. They work with clients who have hearing, balance, and related problems. They work with clients of all ages, including children and the elderly.
14. An ______, computer, and other testing devices are used to measure the loudness at which a client begins to hear sounds, their ability to distinguish between sounds, and the nature or extent of hearing loss. The audiologist may work with other medical, educational, speech & language, and psychology members of the healthcare team to help each client.
15. Hearing disorders may result from
A. ______
B. ______
C. ______
D. ______
E. ______
16. Treatments include:
A. examining and cleaning the ______
B. fitting and dispensing ______
C. referrals for audiologic ______(speech or lip reading)
D. fit and tune cochlear ______