(6.1) Types of Chemical Reactions Name:
Date:
Block:
Reference: pp. 256 – 271 of BC Science 10.
There are 6 common types of chemical reactions:
- ______
- ______
- ______
- ______
- ______
- ______
- SYNTHESIS REACTIONS
- ______or more______combine to form a single ______
element+ element → compound
A + B → AB
Examples of synthesis reactions:
a)Reaction between a metal and a gas to formIONIC COMPOUNDS:
Ex 1).
Ex 2).
b)Reactions between two gases to form COVALENT COMPOUNDS:
Ex 3).
Complete the Practice Problems on p. 259
- DECOMPOSITION REACTIONS
- the______of a compound into two separate elements (or sometimes compounds).
- the reverse of a synthesis reaction.
compound → element + element
AB → A + B
Examples of decomposition reactions:
a)Decomposition of an IONIC COMPOUND into a metal and a gas:
Ex 1).
b)Decomposition of a COVALENT COMPOUND into two gases:
Ex 2).
c)Decomposition of a COVALENT COMPOUND into a compound and another compound:
Ex 3).
Complete the Practice Problems on p. 260
- SINGLE REPLACEMENT REACTIONS
- reactionbetween an ______and a ______to produce another ______and another ______.
- Replace one element from the compound with a separate element added as a reactant.
element + compound → element + compound
A + BC → B + AC where A is a metal
A + BC → C + BA where A is a non-metal
Examples of single replacement reactions:
a)Reaction of a METAL and an IONIC COMOUND:
Ex 1).
Ex. 2)
b)Reaction of a NON-METAL and an IONIC COMPOUND:
Ex 3).
Complete the Practice Problems on p. 261
- DOUBLE REPLACEMENT REACTIONS
- Two ______solutions react to produce two new ______.
- An______from one compound combines with an ______from the other.
- Double replacement reactions ______elements between two compounds reacting together to form two new compounds
- Two compounds react, with ______switching places between the original compounds.
- One compound remains in ______and the other one forms a ______(______).
ionic solution + ionic solution → ionic solid + ionic solution
AB(aq) + CD(aq) → AD(s) + CB(aq)
Examples of double replacement reactions:
a)Two solutions react to form a precipitate (ppt, solid) andsolution
Ex.1
Ex.2
Ex.3
Complete the Practice Problems on p. 262
- ACID-BASE NEUTRALIZATION REACTIONS
- an acid and a base react to form a ______and ______.
acid + base → salt + water
HX + MOH → MX + H2O
Examples of acid-base neutralization reactions:
Ex 1).
- When acids and bases are mixed in the correct amounts they will be neutralized (not have characteristics of acids or bases).
- Both salt and water are neutral
- solution will be neutral (pH of 7).
Complete the Practice Problems on p. 263
- COMBUSTION
- Combustion reactions occur when a compound or element react with ______to release ______and produce an______.
- Also sometimes referred to as ______combustion.
hydrocarbon + oxygen → carbon dioxide + water
CXHY + O2 → CO2 + H2O
Examples of combustion reactions:
a)Natural gas (methane) is burned in furnaces to heat homes.
Ex 1).
b)An oxyacetylene torch is used to weld metals together.
Ex 2).
c)Carbohydrates like glucose combine with oxygen in our body to release energy.
Ex 3).
Complete the Practice Problems on p. 264
***See Table 6.1 on p. 265 for a Summary of Chemical Reactions!