RAJIV GANDHI UNIVERSITY OF HEALTH SCIENCES,

BANGALORE, KARNATAKA

ANNEXURE-II

PROFORMA FOR REGISTRATION OF SUBJECTS FOR DISSERTATION

1. / NAME OF THE CANDIDATE AND ADDRESS(IN BLOCK LETTERS) / Dr. VINEETH MATHEW GEORGE
SRI HASANAMBA DENTAL COLLEGE AND HOSPITAL,
VIDYANAGAR,
HASSAN-573201, KARNATAKA.
2. / NAME OF THE INSTITUTION / SRI HASANAMBA DENTAL COLLEGE AND HOSPITAL,
VIDYANAGAR,
HASSAN-573201,
KARNATAKA
3. / COURSE OF STUDY AND SUBJECT / MASTER OF DENTAL SURGERY IN CONSERVATIVE DENTISTRY & ENDODONITICS
4. / DATE OF ADMISSION TO COURSE / 10th MAY 2013
5. / TITLE OF THE TOPIC / “ A COMPARATIVE EVALUATION OF EDTA, CHLORHEXIDINE GLUCONATE, SODIUM HYPOCHLORITE AND Q MIX ON MICROHARDNESS OF ROOT CANAL DENTINE AS ROOT CANAL IRRIGANTS : AN IN VITRO STUDY”
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7. / BRIEF RESUME OF THE INTENDED WORK:
6.1 NEED FOR THE STUDY:
The primary aim for prevention and treatment of apical periodontitis consists of eradication of micro organisms from endodontic system.1
Mechanical instrumentation alone is not sufficient to eradicate the micro organisms and promote healing. Studies have shown that copious irrigation with antimicrobial product is mandatory to achieve asepsis in the root canal.1
An ideal root canal irrigant should have broad antimicrobial spectrum, ability to dissolve necrotic debris and should be bio compatible with the host tissue. Chlorhexidine is a commonly used irrigant with broad range of anti microbial activity.2
Clinical studies have shown that the commonly used root canal irrigants such as sodium hypochlorite, EDTA, MTAD and citric acid are effective in removing smear layer and decreases the micro hardness of root dentine when exposed to these irrigants.3
Thus, this study involves the comparative evaluation of four different irrigating solutions EDTA, chlorhexidine gluconate, sodium hypochlorite and Q mix in determining the micro hardness of human root canal dentine using Vicker’s micro hardness test.
6.2 REVIEW OF LITERATURE:
An in vitro study was done to evaluate the effectiveness of endodontic irrigants on the micro hardness of root canal dentine. The results indicated that chlorhexidine and sodium hypochlorite solution significantly reduced the micro hardness of root canal dentine at 500µm and 1000µm from the pulp dentine interface when examined with Vicker’s hardness test.4
An in vitro study was conducted to evaluate the effect of 2% chlorhexidine gluconate on the micro hardness of root dentine. The result of the study indicates that chlorhexidine decreases the micro hardness of root dentine and has no effect on surface roughness.5
An in vitro study was conducted to evaluate the effect of 17% EDTA, MTAD and 17% HEBP solution on the micro hardness of root dentine using Vicker’s micro hardness test. The result showed that HEBP showed the highest dentine micro hardness and MTAD the least micro hardness. Therefore HEBP as a final rinse appears to be a promising irrigating solution with less impact on mineral content of root dentine.3
An in vitro study was conducted to measure the micro hardness of root dentine after instrumentation with different file type using 2.5% sodium hypochlorite. Results showed that there was significant difference between the micro hardness in using sodium hypochlorite and changes the biomechanical properties of dentine.6
An in vitro study was done to evaluate the bio compatibility of a new root canal irrigant Q mix in comparison to saline, 3% sodium hypochlorite, 2% chlorhexidine and 17%EDTA.The results showed that after 2 hour examination period all the irrigants showed a slight increase in number of inflammatory cells. After 30 days, Q mix showed a smaller number of inflammatory cells than the other tested irrigants used.7
6.3  OBJECTIVE OF THE STUDY:
To compare and evaluate the effect of EDTA, chlorhexidine gluconate, sodium hypochlorite and Q mix as a final rinse on the micro hardness of root canal dentine.
MATERIALS AND METHODS:
7.1 Source of data:
1) 2% Chlorhexidine gluconate
2) 3% sodium hypochlorite
3) 17% EDTA
4) Q mix
5) Vicker’s micro hardness tester
7.2. Method of collection of data:
25 single rooted mandibular premolar teeth extracted for orthodontic reasons will be used for the study. The teeth will be decoronated at Cemento enamel junction by using a high speed bur under water cooling. The pulp tissues will be extirpated and the root canals will be enlarged up to protaper F2 rotary file. Cleaning and shaping will be performed by step back technique, followed by final flush with 5 ml normal saline solution. Thereafter, the roots will be bisected longitudinally in the buccolingual direction to obtain buccal and lingual halves. The root halves will be then embedded in an auto polymerizing acrylic resin, leaving the dentine surface exposed. The 50 mounted specimens will be then randomly divided into 5 groups.
Group I- specimen treated with distilled water for 15 min.
Group II- specimen treated with 17% EDTA for 15 min.
Group III- specimen treated with 3% sodium hypochlorite for 15 min.
Group IV- specimen treated with 2% chlorhexidine gluconate for 15 min.
Group V - specimen treated with Q mix for 15 min.
The surface hardness of root canal dentine was determined for each specimen using Vicker’s micro hardness test.
STATISTICAL ANALYSIS :
The collected data will be analyzed by one way ANOVA and the inter group comparison was conducted using Tukey’s multiple comparison test.
7.3 Does the study require any investigations or interventions to be conducted on patients or other humans or animals? If so please describe briefly?
NO
7.4 Has ethical clearance been obtained from your institution in case of 7.3?
NOT APPLICABLE
8 / LIST OF REFERENCES :
1.  Simbula G, Dettori C, Camboni T, Cotti E. Comparison of Tetraacetylethylendiamine, sodium hypochlorite cytotoxicity on L929 fibroblast. JOE.2010; 36:1516-1520.
2.  Jeffery J, Daniel C. The Effects of Chlorhexidine Digluconate as root canal irrigant- In Vitro. J Periodontal 1992; 62:526-532.
3.  Dineshkumar Kulasekaran M etal. Effect of EDTA, MTAD and HEBP as a final rinse on the micro hardness of root dentine. J Conservative dentistry. 2012; 15:170-173.
4.  Oliveria Dias L, Carvalho C, Nunes W, Effects of chlorhexidine and sodium hypochlorite on the microhardness of root canal dentine. J.Radiol Endod 2007; 104; 125-128.
5.  Patil C, Uppin V. Effect of endodontic irrigating solutions on the micro hardness and roughness of root canal dentine an invitro study. J Indian journal of dental research. 2011; 22:22-27.
6.  Dayal C, Ajan S G, Subash S T. An in-vitro evaluation of micro hardness of root dentine prepared with different file types with 2.5% sodium hypochlorite. J Endodontology. 2013; 26:23-29.
7.  Chandrasekhar V etal. Evaluation of biocompatibility of a new root canal irrigant Qmix an in vivo study. J Conservative dentistry. 2013; 16:36-40.