Data and Observations
Complete the following table. Questions can be answered in short phrases. Print neatly and legibly. Include a diagram of before and after for each demonstration.
Demonstration/Picture / Observations#1: Comparing Solids, Liquids and Gases / What did you observe about the balloon?
THE BALLOON INFLATED
How would you compare the relative volumes of a solid vs. a gas?
THE VOLUME OF A GAS IS LARGER THAN THE VOLUME OF A COMPRABLE AMOUNT OF SOLID
#2: What is Pressure / What did you observe about the balloon?
THE BALLOON WAS PUSHED INTO THE FLASK
#3: Diving Tony / What did you observe about Diving Tony when you squeezed the bottle?
DIVING TONY SANK
When you released the bottle?
DIVING TONY ROSE TO THE TOP
Why would something sink in water?
IF IT IS MORE DENSE THAN THE WATER (OR THERE IS NOT ENOUGH OF A BYOUANT FORCE TO KEEP IT AFLOAT)
#4: Ballooning / Compare the relative sizes of the balloon in the ice chest with the balloon over the beaker of water with the control balloon.
ICE CHEST – BALLOON WAS SMALLER
OVER BEAKER – BALLOON WAS BIGGER
#5: Straws I / What happens in your body (lungs) when you drink through a straw? (include pressure & volume)
THE VOLUME OF YOUR LUNGS INCREASES, THUS DECREASING THE PRESSURE IN YOUR LUNGS. THE ATMOSPHERE PUSHES THE LIQUID INTO YOUR MOUTH
#6: Straws II / What happen to the water when you removed the straw from the water?
WATER STAYED IN THE STRAW
What is the formula for calculating pressure?
P =F/A
#7: Marshmallows / What happened to the marshmallow when the air was removed from the bell jar?
THE MARSHMALLOW GREW
What does “jet-puffed” marshmallows mean?
THERE IS AIR INSIDE THE MARSHMALLOW WHICH MAKES IT BIGGER AND FLUFFY
#8: The Can Crusher / What happened to the can when it was inverted into the trough of water?
IT WAS CRUSHED
How much water poured out of the can as compared to the amount you put in?
MORE WATER CAME OUT
#9: The Green Glove / What did you observe when you tried to pull your hand out of the jar?
IT WAS IMPOSSIBLE TO PULL YOUR HAND OUT
Analysis and Conclusion
Answer each of the following questions. Use terms such as gas, volume, temperature, pressure of gas, atmospheric pressure, increase, decrease. Do not use the word “suck.” Chemistry does not suck. Include which gas law(s) apply to each station.
Station #1: Solids, Liquids and Gases - Explain why the balloon “did what it did” in this demo.
The dry ice went through sublimation (turning directly from a solid to a gas). The gas takes up more space than the solid. The balloon expanded as more gas was released – AVAGADRO’S
Station #2: What is Pressure?
Explain how/why the balloon ended up in the flask.
As the temperature of the gas in the flask decreased so did the pressure of the gas. The atmosphere, which has greater pressure, pushed the balloon into the flask. GUY-LUSSAC
Station #3: Diving Tony
Explain why Diving Tony sinks in this demo. Describe the process from start to finish. Be sure to include what happens to the air pocket inside Diving Tony & describe what happens to density.
When you squeeze the bottle, you increase the pressure on everything inside the bottle. The volume of the air pocket in the diving tony decreases, thus increasing the overall density of the diving tony. More dense = it sinks. When you release your squeeze, pressure decreases, increasing the volume of air in the diving tony. Greater volume = less dense = diving tony floats
BOYLE
Station #4: Ballooning
Explain on the molecular level why the balloons in their specific locations are of a different size.
Increased temperature causes an increase in kinetic energy, the molecules move faster and spread out causing an increase in volume. Decreased temperature causes a decrease in kinetic energy, the molecules move slower, causing a decrease in volume. – CHARLES
Station #5: Straws I
Explain how you can drink using a straw. Be sure to include what happens within your body, too.
When you inhale your lungs expand, causing an increase in volume and a decrease in pressure. The atmosphere, which has a greater pressure, pushed the liquid into the straw and then into your mouth. – BOYLE
Station #6: Straws II
Explain why water remains in the straw when you cover one end with your thumb.
The water stays in the straw because of atmospheric pressure. As the liquid falls, it increases the volume of the gas between the liquid and your thumb. The increase in volume causes a decrease in pressure. The atmosphere pressure pushed back, keeping the liquid in the straw – BOYLE
Station #7: Marshmallows
Explain why the marshmallows size changed when the air was removed from the bell jar.
When you removed air from the jar you are decreasing the pressure acting on the gas in the marshmallow. Decreased pressure causes the volume of the gas in the marshmallow to expand. BOYLE
Station #8: The Can Crusher
Explain why the can crushed and why the volume of water inside the can changed.
When you decrease the temperature of the gas inside the can, its pressure also decreases. The atmosphere, which has a greater pressure, crushes the can. The atmosphere also pushed more water into the can. – GUY-LUSSAC
Station #9: The Green Glove
Explain why you could not remove your hand from the jar.
As you try to pull your hand out of the jar, you are increasing the volume of the gas in the jar and thus decreasing the pressure. The more you pull, the more the pressure decreases. The atmosphere, which has a greater pressure, pushed you hand back into the jar - BOYLE