Principles of Biology (BIOL 150)
Final Lab Exam
Dr. James E. Raynor, Jr.
Place answers to multiple choice on a scantron.
1. A cell burst when placed in an unknown solution? The solution was:
a. Hypertonic c. Hypotonic
b. Isotonic d. Hydrophilic
2. In reference to question #1, the solute was greater:
a. In the cell
b. In the media
c. Equal in both the cell and media
d. None of the above
3. During the fermentation of glucose by yeast, bubble containing ____ were released in the media.
a. Nitrogen
b. Hydrogen
c. Oxygen
d. Carbon dioxide
4. The ability of the microscope to remain in focus when objective lens are switched is called ____ ?
a. Magnification
b. Resolution
c. High power
d. Parfocal
5. What is the total magnification of a specimen viewed under high power?
a. 10x c. 40x
b. 100x d. 400x
6. Which part of the microscope moves the lens up and down very quickly?
a. Fine adjustment
b. Course adjustment
c. Body tube
d. Base
7. Which number on the microscope diagram houses the objective lens?
a. 1 b. 2. c. 3 d. 4
8. Which number on the microscope diagram shows the ocular lens?
a. 1 b. 2. c. 3 d. 4
9. Which is NOT a characteristic of reducing sugars?
a. They can add hydrogens to oxidized substrates.
b. They can be oxidized by CuSO4
c. They contain free aldehyde and hydroxyl groups.
d. They include monosaccharides and some disaccharides
10. Which is the test for proteins?
a. Benedicts c. Sudan
b. Biuretts d. Iodine
11. The purpose of heating substrates in the presence of CuSO4 is to:
a. Destabilize substrate bonds so that -OH can be removed
b. Destabilize substrate bonds so that -NH groups can be removed
c. Destabilize substrate bonds so that hydrogens can be removed
d. Remove water from substrates
12. Starches can be detected biochemically due to:
a. Their coiled structure
b. Their branched structures
c. Their linear structures
d. Their beta-pleated sheets
13. Elodea released bubbles in water when exposed to light. These bubbles probably contained:
a. Nitrogen
b. Hydrogen
c. Oxygen
d. Carbon dioxide
14. Fish released bubbles in water while swimming. These bubbles contained:
a. Nitrogen
b. Hydrogen
c. Oxygen
d. Carbon dioxide
15. During respiration in animal muscles, which waste product is formed?
a. Ethanol
b. Pyruvate
c. Lactate
d. Dihydroxacetone phosphate
16. During the ionization of NaOH, which is reduced?
a. Na b. O c. H d. Na, H
17. Proteins are detected biochemically due to:
a. Their -NH2 groups
b. Their peptide bonds
c. Their hydrogen bonds
d. Their disulfide bonds
18. The activity of turnip peroxidase was heated to 75oC probably because which enzyme structure was destroyed?
a. Primary
b. Tertiary
c. Secondary, tertiary and Quaternary
d. None of the above
19. The activity of turnip peroxidase was diminished after increasing the pH is probably because which enzyme structure was destroyed?
a. Primary c. Tertiary
b. Secondary d. Quaternary
e. All of the above
20. Most enzymes require at least 37oC to become active. This heat is known as:
a. Incubation temperature
b. Deactivation temperature
c. Free energy
d. Activation energy
21. Iodine test is used to identify:
a. Lipids d. Reducing sugars
b. Proteins e. Nucleic acids
c. Starches
22. Sudan III or IV most like identify biomolecules by forming which of the following?
a. Ionic bonds
b. Hydrophobic interactions
c. Covalent bonds
d. Hydrogen bonds
e. Peptide bonds
22. Benedicts detects which of the following biomolecules?
a. Lipids c. reducing sugars
b. Proteins d. Nucleic Acids
e. Starches
23. Light was shown on Elodea in a test tube containing carbon dioxide and water. Which of the following products will result in the tube?
a. NaOH b. 02 c. CO2
d. All of the above
24. During respiration in animal muscles, which waste product is formed?
a. Ethanol
b. Pyruvate
c. Lactate
d. Dihydroxacetone phosphate
25. A dialysis bag is filled with a 3% starch solution. The bag is immersed in a beaker of water containing a 1% IKI solution. all of the following observations are correct EXCEPT:
a. When the bag is first placed in the beaker, the water potential inside the bag is negative.
b. When the bag is first placed in the beaker, the solution in the beaker is yellow brown.
c. The starch solution inside the bag is hypertonic relative to the solution in the beaker.
d. After fifteen minutes, the solution in the bag turns blue.
e. After fifteen minutes, the mass of the dialysis bag has decreased.
26. Which of the following is LEAST likely to increase the forward rate of an enzyme-mediated reaction?
a. An increase in the substrate concentration
b. An increase in the enzyme concentration
c. An increase in the product concentration
d. An increase in pH
e. An increase in the temperature
27. In guinea pigs, the brown coat color allele (B) is dominant over red (b), and the solid color allele (S) is dominant over spotted (s). The F1 offspring of a cross between true-breeding brown, solid-color guinea peg and red, spotted pigs are crossed. What proportion of their offspring (FS) would be expected to be red and solid color?
a. 1/9
b. 1/16
c. 3/16
d. 9/16
e. 3/4
28. When staining and viewing an onion epidermis under a microscope, which structure can not be observed:
a. Plasma membrane c. Nucleus
d. Cytoplasm d. Chloroplasts
29. Which side will gain water weight if cells were divided by a semipermeable membrane? A. side A or B. side B
Use the digram above for questions 30-34. Use “A” for F and “B” for G.
30. Which structure does “B” refer?
a. Lysosomes
b. Golgi Apparatus
c. Mitochondrion
d. Ribosomes
e. Endoplasmic Reticulum
31. Which structure does “C” refer?
a. Lysosomes
b. Golgi Apparatus
c. Mitochondrion
d. Ribosomes
e. Endoplasmic Reticulum
32. Which structure does “E” refer?
a. Nucleolus c. Golgi Apparatus
b. Ribosomes d. Endoplasmic Reticulum
33. What does the letter “G” refer?
a. Nucleolus
b. Ribosomes
c. Golgi Apparatus
d. Nucleus
34. What does the letter “F” refer?
a. Nulcleolus
b. Ribosomes
c. Golgi Apparatus
d. Nucleus
35. When does chiasmata occur?
a. Metaphase I
b. Prophase I
c. Methaphase II
d. Prophase II
e. Pro-Metaphase
36. Which of the following is MOST spectrophotometrically active?
a. Ringed compounds
b. Tripple bonds
c. Single bonds
d. Double bonds
37. The restoration of diploid chromosome number after halving in meiosis is due to:
a. Synapsis
b. Fertilization
c. Mitosis
d. DNA
38. Meiosis II is similar to mitosis because:
a. Sister Chromatids separate
b. Homologous chromosomes separate
c. DNA replication precedes the division
d. Haploid cells are produced
39. The purpose of meiosis is to create:
a. Diploid cells
b. Genetic Diversity
c. 2 identical daughter cells
d. Replicate DNA
40. What are the products of oogenesis?
a. Three mature ova and 1 polar body
b. Four mature ova
c. Four polar bodies
d. Two mature ova and 2 polar bodies
Use the graph from the next page to answer questions 41-44;
41. What are the Km of reactions 2 and 3?
a. 7 and 3, respectively
b. 7 and 7, respectively
c. 3 and 3, respectively
d. 5 and 2, respectively
42. Which type of inhibitor is present in reaction #3?
a. Competitive c. Neg. feed back
b. No inhibitor d. Noncompetitive
43. What are the Vmax of rxns 1 & 2?
a. 10 b. 15 c. 20 d. 10, 2
44. Name the graph.
a. Linear c. Michaelis Menton
b. Pie d. Lineweaver-Burke
e. None of the above
Graph the following information on the provided graph on the next page to show Vmax and Km. Then answer questions 41-44. You will be deducted 10 points if you DO NOT show your work on the provided graph (45-50).
Enzyme Kinetics
Time (s) / Rxn #1 / Rxn #2 / Rxn #3 /2 / 3.5 / 1.8 / 1.8
4 / 5.0 / 3.2 / 2.0
6 / 7.3 / 4.4 / 2.0
8 / 8.6 / 5.2 / 2.0
10 / 10.0 / 6.0 / 2.0
15 / 10.0 / 8.0 / 2.0
20 / 10.0 / 10.0 / 2.0
Enzyme Graph
Please plot standard
Rxn / Km / Vmax / Inhibitor / OvercomeRxn #1
Rnx #2
Rxn #3
Principles of Biology
Lab Final Exam
Dr. James E. Raynor, Jr.
Name:
Date:
Calculation of Standard Curves (exercise #7)
Show your calculations on the graph below (50-55). Then give the correct answer for the unknowns (5 pts each).
PROTEIN STANDARD CURVE GRAPH
Sample OD. Reading (645 nm) Conc. (mg)
Protein standard 0.2 10
0.4 20
0.6 30
0.8 40
Unknown protein A 0.55 ______
(5 pts)
Unknown protein B _____ 17 mg (5 pts)