1. The plasma membrane consists of
mostly proteins.
entirely of phospholipids.
phospholipids, proteins, and carbohydrates.
carbohydrates and lipids.
2. The cytoplasm is the term for
all cell organelles combined.
microtubules and microfilaments.
the fluid portion of the cell (cytosol).
the cytosol plus the cell organelles and inclusions.
3. Endocytosis is an example of
excretion.
passive transport.
active transport.
simple diffusion.
4. The movement of water across a selectively permeable membrane is called
osmosis.
facilitated diffusion.
active transport.
filtration.
5. Which of the following is necessary for diffusion to occur?
a concentration gradient.
a selectively permeable membrane.
a hypertonic solution.
cellular energy.
6. A red blood cell placed in a hypotonic solution
loses water.
gains water.
neither gains nor loses water.
shrinks
7. Chromatin is found in the
nucleus.
ribosomes.
mitochondria.
lysosomes.
8. The packaging and sorting of proteins is the function of the
endoplasmic reticulum.
Golgi apparatus.
mitochondria.
nucleus.
9. Protein synthesis occurs at the
mitochondria.
Golgi apparatus.
ribosomes.
lysosomes.
10. Which of the following are considered the "powerhouses" of the cell?
lysosomes.
ribosomes.
nucleolus.
mitochondria.
1. phospholipids, proteins, and carbohydrates
2. the cytosol plus the cell organelles and inclusions
3. active transport
4. osmosis
5. a concentration gradient
6. gains water
7. nucleus
8. Golgi apparatus
9. ribosomes
10. mitochondria
1. The science dealing with the functions of the body parts is called
physiology.
cytology.
anatomy.
biology.
2. The level of organization when different tissues join together is called the
chemical level.
cellular level.
tissue level.
organ level.
3. The condition in which the body's internal environment stays within physiological limits is
responsiveness.
homeostasis.
differentiation.
growth.
4. All of the following belong to feedback systems which control homeostasis EXCEPT
control center
receptor
effector
receiver
5. In a negative feedback system, the response of the effector
enhances the original stimulus.
eliminates the original stimulus.
reverses the original stimulus.
does not change the original stimulus.
6. In the anatomical position the subject
is lying down.
has arms placed above the head.
is standing upright facing the observer with the palms backwards.
is standing upright facing the observer with the palms forward.
7. The plane that divides the body into superior and inferior portion is the
saggital plane.
transverse plane.
oblique plane.
frontal plane.
8. The anatomical term which best describes a structure toward the head is
superficial.
deep.
inferior.
superior.
9. The best anatomical term to describe the back region of the body would be
ventral.
dorsal.
gluteal.
deep.
10. The brain and the spinal cord are located in the
ventral cavity.
dorsal cavity.
abdominal cavity.
thoracic cavity.
1. physiology
2. organ level
3. homeostasis
4. receiver
5. reverses the original stimulus
6. is standing upright facing the observer with the palms forward
7. transverse plane
8. superior
9. dorsal
10. dorsal cavity
1. All of the following are functions of the skeletal system EXCEPT
support
blood cell production
calcium storage
excretion
2. The shaft of a long bone is called
epiphysis.
diaphysis.
periosteum.
endosteum.
3. Osteoclasts
deposit calcium into bone.
destroy bone matrix.
are a type of white blood cell.
A and C are correct.
4. Fat is stored in
compact bone.
spongy bone.
red bone marrow.
yellow bone marrow.
5. All of the following are facial bones EXCEPT
nasal bone
maxilla
mandible
ethmoid bone
6. Which of the following is a cranial bone?
vomer bone
lacrimal bone
zygomatic bone
sphenoid bone
7. The bone that does not articulate with any other bone is the
vomer bone.
zygomatic bone.
hyoid bone.
ethmoid bone.
8. All of the following are bones of the thorax EXCEPT
clavicle
sternum
true ribs
false ribs
9. The pectoral girdle consists of the
humerus and radius.
ulna and radius.
hip bones.
clavicle and scapula.
10. The bone of the upper arm is the
radius.
ulna.
humerus.
femur.
1. excretion
2. diaphysis
3. destroy bone matrix
4. yellow bone marrow
5. ethmoid bone
6. sphenoid bone
7. hyoid bone
8. clavicle
9. clavicle and scapula
10. humerus
1. 1. All of the following are endocrine glands EXCEPT:
adrenal glands
sebaceous glands
pineal glands
pituitary glands
2. Hormones that enter target cells and bind to receptors in the nucleus are called
steroid hormones.
water soluble hormones.
peptide hormones.
second messengers.
3. The hormones regulating blood calcium levels are
insulin and glucagon.
glycogen and parathyroid hormone.
parathyroid hormone and calcitonin.
estrogen and progesterone.
4. All of the following are hormones of the anterior pituitary EXCEPT
human growth hormone (GH).
follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH).
parathyroid hormone(PTH).
thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH).
5. Antidiuretic hormone and oxytocin are stored and released by the
posterior pituitary gland.
anterior pituitary gland.
thyroid gland.
adrenal gland.
6. Calcitonin is a hormone of the
adrenal cortex.
thyroid gland.
pituitary gland.
thymus gland.
7. Mineralcorticoids
are produced in the adrenal cortex.
are steroid hormones.
help regulate the homeostasis of sodium and potasium.
all of the above.
8. Which of the following hormones are responsible for the "fight-or-flight" response?
epinephrine and norepinephrine.
insulin and glucagon.
esrtogen and progesterone.
thyroxin and melatonin.
9. The gland which can be classified as an endocrine and an exocrine gland is the
thyroid.
thymus.
pancreas.
pituitary.
10. . Glucagon
accelerates the conversion of glycogen into glucose.
slows down glucose formation from lactic acid.
decreases the conversion of glycogen into glucose.
speeds up protein synthesis within cells.
1. sebaceous glands
2. steroid hormones
3. parathyroid hormone and calcitonin
4. parathyroid hormone (PTH)
5. posterior pituitary gland
6. thyroid gland
7. all of the above
8. epinephrine and norepinephrine
9. pancreas
10. accelerates the conversion of glycogen into glucose
1. The exchange of gases between blood and cells is called
pulmonary ventilation.
internal respiration.
external repiration.
cellular respiration.
2. Which of the following does NOT belong to the conducting prtion of the respiratory system?
alveoli
bronchioles
nose
pharynx
3. The structure which closes off the larynx is the
glottis.
Adam's apple.
epiglottis.
vocal cords.
4. Which of the following describes a correct order of structures in the respiratory passeways?
pharynx, trachea, larynx, bronchi, bronchioles
larynx, pharynx, trachea, bronchiles, bronchi
trachea, pharynx, larynx, bronchi, bronchioles
pharynx, larynx, trachea, bronchi, bronchioles
5. The exchange of gases occurs in the
trachea.
bronchioles.
alveoli.
bronchus.
6. The volume of air that can be exhaled after normal exhaltation is the
tidal volume.
residual volume.
inspiratory reserve volume.
expiratory reserve volume.
7. The volume of air in a normal breath is called
total lung capacity.
vital capacity.
tidal volume.
residual volume.
8. Gas exchange in the lungs happens by the process of
osmosis.
diffusion.
exocytosis.
active transport.
9. Most oxygen in the blood is transported
as gas dissolved in plasma.
as oxyhemoglobin.
as carboxyhemoglobin.
as bicarbonate.
10. The primary chemical stimulus for breathing is the concentration of
carbon monoxide in the blood.
carbon dioxide in the blood.
oxygen in the blood.
carbonic acid in the blood.
1. internal respiration
2. alveoli
3. epiglottis
4. pharynx, larynx, trachea, bronchi, bronchioles
5. alveoli
6. expiratory reserve volume
7. tidal volume
8. diffusion
9. as oxyhemoglobin
10. carbon dioxide in the blood
1. Negatively charged particles in an atom are called
neutrons.
electrons.
protons.
elements.
2. Substances that can not be broken down into simpler substances by ordinary chemical reactions are called
atoms.
compounds.
elements.
molecules.
3. A particle with a negative or positive charge is referred to as
electron.
proton.
ion.
isotope.
4. A chemical bond where electrons are transferred from one atom to another is a(n)
hydrogen bond
ionic bond.
covalent bond.
none of the above
5. The bond which is found between water molecules is a(n)
hydrogen bond.
ionic bond.
covalent bond.
none of the above
6. A chemical bond in which one pair of electrons is shared between atoms is a(n)
hydrogen bond.
ionic bond.
covalent bond.
none of the above
7. All of the following are organic compounds EXCEPT
nucleic acids.
water.
proteins.
carbohydrates.
8. Energy needed for chemical reactions in the body is provided by the breakdown of
ribonucleic acid (RNA).
deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA).
adenosine triphosphate (ATP).
adenosine diphosphate (ADP).
9. Which of the following describes the most acidic solution?
pH 4
pH 5
pH 7
pH 14
10. The building blocks of proteins are
fatty acids.
nucleic acids.
amino acids.
monosaccarides.
1. electrons
2. elements
3. ion
4. ionic bond
5. hydrogen bond
6. covalent bond
7. water
8. adenosine triphosphate (ATP)
9. pH 4
10. amino acids
1. A sarcomere
is a section of a myofibril.
gets shorter when it contracts.
has striations.
All of the choices are correct.
2. During muscular contraction
actin and myosin filaments slide past each other.
ATP supplies energy.
calcium ions (Ca++) are involved.
all of the above
3. At a neuromuscular junction,
a nerve impulse causes the release of a neurotransmitter.
a neurotransmitter causes calcium to be released into the muscle cell.
A & B
none of the above
4. Which is NOT a function of muscles?
cause movement
produce heat
absorb nutrients
maintain posture
5. A skeletal muscle cell
has light and dark bands (striations).
has only one nucleus.
is under involuntary control.
None of the above are true
6. The origin of the biceps brachii is
the attachment of the muscle that remains relatively fixed during contraction.
the scapula.
proximal radius.
A & B
7. The stages in muscle contraction include a
nerve impulse reaching a neuromuscular junction.
nerve impulse stimulating the release of calcium ions.
actin filaments sliding past myosin filaments.
all the above are true
8. The functional unit of a muscle fiber is the
sarcomere.
myofilament.
myofibril.
neuromuscular junction.
9. Which of the following statements is NOT true about muscle activity.
Muscles can only pull, they never push.
All muscles have at least two attachments: the origin and insertion.
During contraction, the muscle origin moves toward the insertion.
All muscles cross at least one joint.
10. Muscle fatigue is due, in part, to the accumulation of
lactic acid.
citric acid.
ATP.
ACTH.
1. All of the choices are correct.
2. all of the above
3. A & B
4. absorb nutrients
5. has light and dark bands (striations).
6. A & B
7. all the above are true
8. sarcomere.
9. During contraction, the muscle origin moves toward the insertion.
10. lactic acid.
1. Which of the following are functions of the blood?
transportation
regulation
protection
all of the above
2. The blood volume of an averaged sized male is
3 to 4 liters.
4 to 5 liters.
5 to 6 liters.
6 to 7 liters.
3. Which of the following belongs to agranular leukocytes?
neutrophil
basophil
platelet
monocyte
4. Which of the following cells do NOT have a nucleus?
erythrocytes
granulocytes
leukocytes
agranulocytes
5. The pigment in red blood cells that carries oxygen is
erythropoietin.
melatonin.
hemoglobin.
urobilinogen.
6. An increase in the number of white blood cells is called
anemia.
leukopenia.
leukocytosis.
polycythemia.
7. Stoppage of bleeding is called
hemostasis.
vascular spasm.
thrombosis.
coagulation.
8. Heredity deficiencies of coagulation is referred to as
anemia.
hemophilia.
hemolysis.
leukemia.
9. A blood clot transported by the blood stream is a(n)
platelet plug.
thrombus.
embolus.
thrombin clot.
10. A person with blood type A has
B antigens on the red blood cells.
A antibodies in the plasma.
A antigens on the red blood cells.
Rh antigen on the red blood cells.
1. all of the above
2. 5 to 6 liters
3. monocyte
4. erythrocytes
5. hemoglobin
6. leukocytosis
7. hemostasis
8. hemophilia
9. embolus
10. A antigens on the red blood cells
1. Which of the following is NOT an accessory structure of the digestive system?
liver
gallbladder
pancreas
spleen
2. Salivary amylase secreted into the oral cavity starts the digestion of
proteins.
starch.
lipids.
amino acids.
3. The pancreatic duct transports secretions from the pancreas to the
stomach.
duodenum.
liver.
colon.
4. All of the following are substances found in pancreatic juice except
pepsin.
trypsin.
amylase.
lipase.
5. Bile is produced in the
liver.
small intestine.
pancreas.
stomach.
6. The final portion of the small intestine is the
ileum.
duodenum.
jejunum.
colon.
7. The first portion of the large intestine is the
colon.
cecum.
anal canal.
rectum.
8. The term metabolism refers to
anabolic reactions.
catabolic reactions.
oxidation.
All the chemical reactions of the body.
9. Glucose is stored in the liver as
starch.
fat.
glycogen.
ATP.
10. During digestion, proteins are broken down into molecules of
glucose.
fatty acids.
amino acids.
nucleic acids.
1. spleen
2. starch
3. duodenum
4. pepsin
5. liver
6. ileum
7. cecum
8. All the chemical reactions of the body
9. glycogen
10. amino acids
1. Neurons that conduct nerve impulses from the receptors to the central nervous system are
motor neurons.
efferent neurons.
interneurons.
sensory neurons.
2. Processes that carry nerve impulses away from the cell body are called
dendrites.
axons.
synapses.
myelin sheaths.
3. The neuroglia that produce myelin sheaths around axons in the peripheral nervous system are
Schwann cells.
oligodendrocytes.
microglia.
astroctyes.
4. The portion of the nervous system that is considered involuntary is the
somatic nervous system.
sensory nervous system.
autonomic nervous system.
motor nervous system.