Additional file 1 – Vechten objects

Sample code / Location / Description / Copper alloy / Observations
321 / Vechten / Belt fitting / -
Photos (10-50x amplification)
-
Pitting / Colour / Surface P. / Shape P. / Soil A. / Corrosion S. / Remarks
1 / 32 / ? / 2 / 3 / ? / -
Composition of treated artefact (%)
Cu / Pb / Zn / Sn / Bi / Sb / Mo / Se / Ni / Cr
- / - / - / - / - / - / - / - / - / -
Co / Fe / Mn / P / Al / Si / Ti / Zr / Pd / -
- / - / - / - / - / - / - / - / - / -
Composition of untreated artefact (%)
Cu / Pb / Zn / Sn / Bi / Sb / Mo / Se / Ni / Cr
- / - / - / - / - / - / - / - / - / -
Co / Fe / Mn / P / Al / Si / Ti / Zr / Pd / -
- / - / - / - / - / - / - / - / - / -
Sample code / Location / Description / Copper alloy / Observations
56 / Vechten / Bronze drop / -
Photos (10-50x amplification)
-
Pitting / Colour / Surface P. / Shape P. / Soil A. / Corrosion S. / Remarks
1 / 32 / 1 / ? / 3 / 0 / -
Composition of treated artefact (%)
Cu / Pb / Zn / Sn / Bi / Sb / Mo / Se / Ni / Cr
- / - / - / - / - / - / - / - / - / -
Co / Fe / Mn / P / Al / Si / Ti / Zr / Pd / -
- / - / - / - / - / - / - / - / - / -
Composition of untreated artefact (%)
Cu / Pb / Zn / Sn / Bi / Sb / Mo / Se / Ni / Cr
- / - / - / - / - / - / - / - / - / -
Co / Fe / Mn / P / Al / Si / Ti / Zr / Pd / -
- / - / - / - / - / - / - / - / - / -
Sample code / Location / Description / Copper alloy / Observations
318 / Vechten / Bronze drop / Lead-tin-bronze (low lead content)
Photos (10-50x amplification)
Pitting / Colour / Surface P. / Shape P. / Soil A. / Corrosion S. / Remarks
1 / 32 / 1 / ? / 1 / 0 / -
Composition of treated artefact (%)
Cu / Pb / Zn / Sn / Bi / Sb / Mo / Se / Ni / Cr
59,5 / 2,12 / 2,416 / 24,746 / 0,02 / 1,223 / 0,002 / 0,005 / 0,021 / 0,014
Co / Fe / Mn / P / Al / Si / Ti / Zr / Pd / -
0,033 / 8,993 / 0,021 / N.M. / N.M / N.M. / 0,299 / 0,003 / 0,01 / -
Composition of untreated artefact (%)
Cu / Pb / Zn / Sn / Bi / Sb / Mo / Se / Ni / Cr
47,126 / 1,88 / 1,687 / 21,191 / 0,021 / 0,999 / 0,002 / 0,004 / 0,018 / 0,013
Co / Fe / Mn / P / Al / Si / Ti / Zr / Pd / -
0,034 / 11,286 / 0,039 / 1,478 / 2,514 / 10,673 / 0,512 / 0,005 / 0,01 / -
Sample code / Location / Description / Copper alloy / Observations
163 / Vechten / Miniature spade
Photos (10-50x amplification)
Pitting / Colour / Surface P. / Shape P. / Soil A. / Corrosion S. / Remarks
1 / brown redish / 1 / 1 / 1 / 0 / -
Composition of treated artefact (%)
Cu / Pb / Zn / Sn / Bi / Sb / Mo / Se / Ni / Cr
- / - / - / - / - / - / - / - / - / -
Co / Fe / Mn / P / Al / Si / Ti / Zr / Pd / -
- / - / - / - / - / - / - / - / - / -
Composition of untreated artefact (%)
Cu / Pb / Zn / Sn / Bi / Sb / Mo / Se / Ni / Cr
81,294 / 0,23 / 7,005 / 0,017 / 0,006 / 0,023 / 0,002 / 0,003 / 0,014 / 0,01
Co / Fe / Mn / P / Al / Si / Ti / Zr / Pd / -
0,008 / 0,469 / 0,01 / 0,156 / 1,729 / 8,795 / 0,134 / 0,003 / 0,007 / -
Sample code / Location / Description / Copper alloy / Observations
445 / Vechten / Plaque fragment / Gunmetal
Photos (10-50x amplification)
Pitting / Colour / Surface P. / Shape P. / Soil A. / Corrosion S. / Remarks
2 / 3 / 3 / ? / 1 / 1 / -
Composition of treated artefact (%)
Cu / Pb / Zn / Sn / Bi / Sb / Mo / Se / Ni / Cr
41,229 / 2,689 / 0,243 / 41,39 / 0,012 / 0,042 / 0,002 / 0,005 / 0,027 / 0,025
Co / Fe / Mn / P / Al / Si / Ti / Zr / Pd / -
0,048 / 13,549 / 0,03 / N.M. / N.M / N.M. / 0,405 / 0,002 / 0,007 / -
Composition of untreated artefact (%)
Cu / Pb / Zn / Sn / Bi / Sb / Mo / Se / Ni / Cr
40,566 / 2,527 / 0,192 / 40,971 / 0,014 / 0,042 / 0,002 / 0,005 / 0,027 / 0,025
Co / Fe / Mn / P / Al / Si / Ti / Zr / Pd / -
0,049 / 14,711 / 0,031 / N.M. / N.M / N.M. / 0,543 / 0,002 / 0,007 / -
Sample code / Location / Description / Copper alloy / Observations
137 / Vechten / Part of rim / Tin-bronze (high tin content)
Photos (10-50x amplification)
Pitting / Colour / Surface P. / Shape P. / Soil A. / Corrosion S. / Remarks
1 / 3 / 2 / 2 / 3 / 0 / -
Composition of treated artefact (%)
Cu / Pb / Zn / Sn / Bi / Sb / Mo / Se / Ni / Cr
63,948 / 1,245 / 0,528 / 31,76 / 0,015 / 0,101 / 0,003 / 0,006 / 0,027 / 0,025
Co / Fe / Mn / P / Al / Si / Ti / Zr / Pd / -
0,021 / 1,437 / 0,092 / N.M. / N.M / N.M. / 0,404 / 0,004 / 0,01 / -
Composition of untreated artefact (%)
Cu / Pb / Zn / Sn / Bi / Sb / Mo / Se / Ni / Cr
66,614 / 1,129 / 0,557 / 27,333 / 0,018 / 0,115 / 0,003 / 0,006 / 0,027 / 0,022
Co / Fe / Mn / P / Al / Si / Ti / Zr / Pd / -
0,023 / 2,903 / 0,134 / N.M. / N.M / N.M. / 0,692 / 0,012 / 0,009 / -
Sample code / Location / Description / Copper alloy / Observations
58 / Vechten / Bullet end / Copper
Photos (10-50x amplification)
Pitting / Colour / Surface P. / Shape P. / Soil A. / Corrosion S. / Remarks
1 / brown redish / 1 / 1 / 3 / 0 / -
Composition of treated artefact (%)
Cu / Pb / Zn / Sn / Bi / Sb / Mo / Se / Ni / Cr
99,273 / 0,007 / 0,038 / 0,021 / 0,005 / 0,028 / 0,003 / 0,003 / 0,016 / 0,012
Co / Fe / Mn / P / Al / Si / Ti / Zr / Pd / -
0,008 / 0,392 / 0,011 / N.M. / N.M / N.M. / 0,06 / 0,016 / 0,009 / -
Composition of untreated artefact (%)
Cu / Pb / Zn / Sn / Bi / Sb / Mo / Se / Ni / Cr
94,51 / 0,861 / 1,071 / 0,047 / 0,039 / 0,067 / 0,015 / 0,006 / 0,019 / 0,019
Co / Fe / Mn / P / Al / Si / Ti / Zr / Pd / -
0,015 / 2,594 / 0,089 / N.M. / N.M / N.M. / 0,486 / 0,204 / 0,022 / -
Sample code / Location / Description / Copper alloy / Observations
448 / Vechten / Head of pin / Gunmetal
Photos (10-50x amplification)
-
Pitting / Colour / Surface P. / Shape P. / Soil A. / Corrosion S. / Remarks
1 / 23 / 2 / 2 / 2 / 1 / -
Composition of treated artefact (%)
Cu / Pb / Zn / Sn / Bi / Sb / Mo / Se / Ni / Cr
- / - / - / - / - / - / - / - / - / -
Co / Fe / Mn / P / Al / Si / Ti / Zr / Pd / -
- / - / - / - / - / - / - / - / - / -
Composition of untreated artefact (%)
Cu / Pb / Zn / Sn / Bi / Sb / Mo / Se / Ni / Cr
35,741 / 30,679 / 0,53 / 18,306 / 0,041 / 0,063 / 0,005 / 0,012 / 0,028 / 0,042
Co / Fe / Mn / P / Al / Si / Ti / Zr / Pd / -
0,052 / 13,208 / 0,05 / N.M. / N.M / N.M. / 0,813 / 0,055 / 0,015 / -
Sample code / Location / Description / Copper alloy / Observations
209 / Vechten / Unknown / Gunmetal
Photos (10-50x amplification)
Pitting / Colour / Surface P. / Shape P. / Soil A. / Corrosion S. / Remarks
1 / 23 / 1 / 1 / 2 / 0 / -
Composition of treated artefact (%)
Cu / Pb / Zn / Sn / Bi / Sb / Mo / Se / Ni / Cr
54,183 / 26,376 / 7,676 / 8,944 / 0,049 / 0,082 / 0,004 / 0,015 / 0,024 / 0,026
Co / Fe / Mn / P / Al / Si / Ti / Zr / Pd / -
0,024 / 2,016 / 0,025 / N.M. / N.M / N.M. / 0,202 / 0,006 / 0,013 / -
Composition of untreated artefact (%)
Cu / Pb / Zn / Sn / Bi / Sb / Mo / Se / Ni / Cr
58,149 / 21,242 / 7,074 / 8,289 / 0,036 / 0,044 / 0,007 / 0,011 / 0,019 / 0,017
Co / Fe / Mn / P / Al / Si / Ti / Zr / Pd / -
0,024 / 4,06 / 0,089 / N.M. / N.M. / N.M. / 0,579 / 0,054 / 0,011 / -
Sample code / Location / Description / Copper alloy / Observations
454 / Vechten / Unknown / Gunmetal
Photos (10-50x amplification)
Pitting / Colour / Surface P. / Shape P. / Soil A. / Corrosion S. / Remarks
1 / dark brown / 1 / 1 / 2 / 0 / -
Composition of treated artefact (%)
Cu / Pb / Zn / Sn / Bi / Sb / Mo / Se / Ni / Cr
14,327 / 37,663 / 0,259 / 29,433 / 0,086 / 0,225 / 0,003 / 0,012 / 0,028 / 0,044
Co / Fe / Mn / P / Al / Si / Ti / Zr / Pd / -
0,06 / 16,784 / 0,127 / N.M. / N.M. / N.M. / 0,29 / 0,022 / 0,009 / -
Composition of untreated artefact (%)
Cu / Pb / Zn / Sn / Bi / Sb / Mo / Se / Ni / Cr
13,238 / 36,029 / 0,264 / 29,768 / 0,073 / 0,197 / 0,003 / 0,012 / 0,029 / 0,062
Co / Fe / Mn / P / Al / Si / Ti / Zr / Pd / -
0,063 / 18,891 / 0,148 / N.M. / N.M. / N.M. / 0,548 / 0,025 / 0,009 / -
Sample code / Location / Description / Copper alloy / Observations
94 / Vechten / Unknown / Lead-tin-brass (low zinc content)
Photos (10-50x amplification)
Pitting / Colour / Surface P. / Shape P. / Soil A. / Corrosion S. / Remarks
1 / 32 / 2 / 2 / 3 / 1 / -
Composition of treated artefact (%)
Cu / Pb / Zn / Sn / Bi / Sb / Mo / Se / Ni / Cr
66,549 / 10,324 / 3,85 / 8,392 / 0,026 / 0,137 / 0,003 / 0,009 / 0,019 / 0,016
Co / Fe / Mn / P / Al / Si / Ti / Zr / Pd / -
0,031 / 9,553 / 0,112 / N.M. / N.M. / N.M. / 0,228 / 0,011 / 0,01 / -
Composition of untreated artefact (%)
Cu / Pb / Zn / Sn / Bi / Sb / Mo / Se / Ni / Cr
61,452 / 11,24 / 3,433 / 10,021 / 0,042 / 0,1 / 0,007 / 0,009 / 0,022 / 0,019
Co / Fe / Mn / P / Al / Si / Ti / Zr / Pd / -
0,038 / 11,923 / 0,145 / N.M. / N.M. / N.M. / 0,648 / 0,044 / 0,013 / -
Sample code / Location / Description / Copper alloy / Observations
438 / Vechten / Part of rim / Gunmetal
Photos (10-50x amplification)
Pitting / Colour / Surface P. / Shape P. / Soil A. / Corrosion S. / Remarks
1 / 3 / 1 / 1 / 2 / 0 / -
Composition of treated artefact (%)
Cu / Pb / Zn / Sn / Bi / Sb / Mo / Se / Ni / Cr
25,896 / 34,001 / 1,717 / 22,282 / 0,083 / 0,195 / 0,004 / 0,012 / 0,026 / 0,026
Co / Fe / Mn / P / Al / Si / Ti / Zr / Pd / -
0,053 / 14,488 / 0,044 / N.M. / N.M. / N.M. / 0,397 / 0,03 / 0,011 / -
Composition of untreated artefact (%)
Cu / Pb / Zn / Sn / Bi / Sb / Mo / Se / Ni / Cr
17,574 / 35,832 / 1,2 / 20,578 / 0,089 / 0,063 / 0,005 / 0,013 / 0,029 / 0,159
Co / Fe / Mn / P / Al / Si / Ti / Zr / Pd / -
0,071 / 22,542 / 0,122 / N.M. / N.M. / N.M. / 0,997 / 0,071 / 0,014 / -
Sample code / Location / Description / Copper alloy / Observations
442 / Vechten / Unknown / Gunmetal
Photos (10-50x amplification)
Pitting / Colour / Surface P. / Shape P. / Soil A. / Corrosion S. / Remarks
? / 32 / 2 / 2 / 3 / 0 / -
Composition of treated artefact (%)
Cu / Pb / Zn / Sn / Bi / Sb / Mo / Se / Ni / Cr
27,667 / 27,846 / 0,921 / 30,837 / 0,053 / 0,192 / 0,004 / 0,013 / 0,033 / 0,036
Co / Fe / Mn / P / Al / Si / Ti / Zr / Pd / -
0,059 / 11,526 / 0,04 / N.M. / N.M. / N.M. / 0,315 / 0,015 / 0,012 / -
Composition of untreated artefact (%)
Cu / Pb / Zn / Sn / Bi / Sb / Mo / Se / Ni / Cr
42,922 / 25,01 / 0,427 / 5,079 / 0,073 / 0,066 / 0,008 / 0,012 / 0,028 / 0,074
Co / Fe / Mn / P / Al / Si / Ti / Zr / Pd / -
0,109 / 24,781 / 0,074 / N.M. / N.M. / N.M. / 0,848 / 0,088 / 0,019 / -
Sample code / Location / Description / Copper alloy / Observations
357 / Vechten / Button / Gunmetal
Photos (10-50x amplification)
Pitting / Colour / Surface P. / Shape P. / Soil A. / Corrosion S. / Remarks
1 / 32 / 1 / 1 / 3 / 0 / -
Composition of treated artefact (%)
Cu / Pb / Zn / Sn / Bi / Sb / Mo / Se / Ni / Cr
37,688 / 26,614 / 2,745 / 22,458 / 0,072 / 0,06 / 0,004 / 0,011 / 0,026 / 0,048
Co / Fe / Mn / P / Al / Si / Ti / Zr / Pd / -
0,044 / 8,821 / 0,059 / N.M. / N.M. / N.M. / 0,867 / 0,058 / 0,013 / -
Composition of untreated artefact (%)
Cu / Pb / Zn / Sn / Bi / Sb / Mo / Se / Ni / Cr
31,877 / 36,235 / 2,783 / 23,968 / 0,045 / 0,164 / 0,003 / 0,013 / 0,025 / 0,022
Co / Fe / Mn / P / Al / Si / Ti / Zr / Pd / -
0,032 / 4,062 / 0,031 / N.M. / N.M. / N.M. / 0,238 / 0,016 / 0,009 / -
Sample code / Location / Description / Copper alloy / Observations
128 / Vechten / Lump / Lead-tin-brass (Low zinc content)
Photos (10-50x amplification)
Pitting / Colour / Surface P. / Shape P. / Soil A. / Corrosion S. / Remarks
1 / 23 / ? / ? / 3 / 0 / -
Composition of treated artefact (%)
Cu / Pb / Zn / Sn / Bi / Sb / Mo / Se / Ni / Cr
88,043 / 2,381 / 1,432 / 3,014 / 0,014 / 0,17 / 0,003 / 0,011 / 0,017 / 0,013
Co / Fe / Mn / P / Al / Si / Ti / Zr / Pd / -
0,018 / 4,313 / 0,019 / N.M. / N.M. / N.M. / 0,145 / 0,032 / 0,011 / -
Composition of untreated artefact (%)
Cu / Pb / Zn / Sn / Bi / Sb / Mo / Se / Ni / Cr
39,935 / 9,182 / 2,22 / 9,829 / 0,234 / 0,299 / 0,078 / 0,019 / 0,103 / 0,483
Co / Fe / Mn / P / Al / Si / Ti / Zr / Pd / -
0,142 / 31,848 / 0,975 / N.M. / N.M. / N.M. / 3,24 / 0,86 / 0,083 / -
Sample code / Location / Description / Copper alloy / Observations
74 / Vechten / Ring / Gunmetal
Photos (10-50x amplification)
Pitting / Colour / Surface P. / Shape P. / Soil A. / Corrosion S. / Remarks
1 / 3 / 1 / 1 / 1 / 0 / -
Composition of treated artefact (%)
Cu / Pb / Zn / Sn / Bi / Sb / Mo / Se / Ni / Cr
49,887 / 10,018 / 6,705 / 19,111 / 0,187 / 0,704 / 0,003 / 0,009 / 0,026 / 0,023
Co / Fe / Mn / P / Al / Si / Ti / Zr / Pd / -
0,046 / 12,299 / 0,033 / N.M. / N.M. / N.M. / 0,301 / 0,004 / 0,01 / -
Composition of untreated artefact (%)
Cu / Pb / Zn / Sn / Bi / Sb / Mo / Se / Ni / Cr
49,095 / 8,636 / 5,372 / 21,169 / 0,212 / 0,708 / 0,004 / 0,012 / 0,037 / 0,036
Co / Fe / Mn / P / Al / Si / Ti / Zr / Pd / -
0,062 / 13,357 / 0,054 / N.M. / N.M. / N.M. / 0,551 / 0,005 / 0,013 / -
Sample code / Location / Description / Copper alloy / Observations
12 / Vechten / Unknown / Lead-tin-brass (Low zinc content)
Photos (10-50x amplification)
Pitting / Colour / Surface P. / Shape P. / Soil A. / Corrosion S. / Remarks
1 / 3 / ? / 1 / 3 / 0 / -
Composition of treated artefact (%)
Cu / Pb / Zn / Sn / Bi / Sb / Mo / Se / Ni / Cr
58,337 / 16,555 / 4,737 / 11,222 / 0,048 / 0,178 / 0,004 / 0,01 / 0,022 / 0,019
Co / Fe / Mn / P / Al / Si / Ti / Zr / Pd / -
0,034 / 7,987 / 0,073 / N.M. / N.M. / N.M. / 0,341 / 0,06 / 0,013 / -
Composition of untreated artefact (%)