STUDENT NAME ______
YEAR 11 CHEMISTRY
HANDBOOK
Contents
Units 1 and 2 VCAA Study DesignVCAA Key Skills
Unit 1 Timetable
Revision for Unit 1 Exam
Unit 2 Timetable
Revision for Unit 2 Exam
VCAA CHEMISTRY STUDY DESIGN
Unit 1: The big ideas of chemistry
AREA OF STUDY 1
The Periodic Table
Key knowledge
This knowledge includes
• The Periodic Table
– historical development from Mendeleev to Seaborg
– trends and patterns of properties within The Periodic Table: atomic number, types of compounds formed, metallic/non-metallic character, chemical reactivity of elements;
• atomic theory
– historical development of the model of atomic theory with contributions from Dalton to
Chadwick
– limitations of the model of atomic theory
– mass number, isotopes, calculation of relative atomic mass, electronic configuration including subshells;
• the mole concept including empirical and molecular formulas, percentage composition, Avogadro’s constant;
• interpretation of data from mass spectrometry.
AREA OF STUDY 2
Materials
Key knowledge
This knowledge includes
• models of bonding to explain observed properties including melting temperature, electrical conductivity, chemical reactivity, shape, polarity of bonds, intermolecular forces
– metals
– ionic compounds
– molecular substances, network lattices, layer lattices;
• limitations of the bonding models;
• properties and systematic naming of alkanes and alkenes up to C6;
• structural isomers of C4H10;
• behaviour of surfaces and the application of surface chemistry in nanotechnology;
• addition polymers
– relationship between structure, properties and applications,
– synthesis, cross-linking
– development of customised polymers.
Unit 2: Environmental chemistry
AREA OF STUDY 1
Water
Key knowledge
This knowledge includes
• role of water in maintaining life in the environment
– unique properties of water: relationship between structure and bonding, and properties and uses including solubility and conductivity
– ways in which substances behave in water: the dissociation of soluble ionic solutes; the
ionisation of polar molecules such as acids; the separation of non-ionising polar molecules such as ethanol
– maintaining water quality: solubility, precipitation reactions, pH
– desalination, including the principles of distillation;
• acids and bases: proton transfer; common reactions of acids; strong and weak acids and bases; polyprotic acids; amphiprotic substances;
• calculations including mass-mass stoichiometry and concentration and volume of solutions; pH of strong acids and of strong bases;
• redox reactions in aqueous solution including writing balanced equations for oxidation and reduction reactions, for example metal displacement reactions, corrosion of iron;
• application of the principles of green chemistry; for example, replacement of halogenated solvents with supercritical carbon dioxide in industrial processes or in plant crop protection.
AREA OF STUDY 2
The atmosphere
Key knowledge
This knowledge includes
• role of the atmosphere in maintaining life in the environment
– effects of human activities, such as agriculture, industry, transport, energy production, on the
atmosphere
– chemical reactions and processes of acid rain
– qualitative effects of ozone depletion and photochemical smog
– role of the carbon and nitrogen cycles in maintaining life on earth
– the laboratory and industrial preparation of one gas of signifi cance to the quality of the atmosphere;
• the major contributing gases to the enhanced greenhouse effect and at least one of the associated
local, state, national or international protocols;
• kinetic molecular theory and its use in explaining properties of gases;
• calculations including those involving gas laws, molar volume (VM) at STP and SLC, the General Gas Equation, volume-volume and mass-volume stoichiometry.
VCAA KEY SKILLS for UNITS 1 - 4
Investigate and inquire scientifically
• work independently and collaboratively as required to develop and apply safe and responsible work practices when completing all practical investigations including the appropriate disposal of wastes;
• conduct investigations that include collecting, processing, recording and analysing qualitative and quantitative data; draw conclusions consistent with the question under investigation and the information collected; evaluate procedures and reliability of data;
• construct questions (and hypotheses); plan and/or design, and conduct investigations; identify and address possible sources of uncertainty;
• apply ethics of scientific research when conducting and reporting on investigations.
Apply chemical understandings
• make connections between concepts; process information; apply understandings to familiar and new contexts;
• use first and second-hand data and evidence to demonstrate how chemical concepts and theories have developed and been modified over time;
• analyse issues and implications relating to scientific and technological developments;
• analyse and evaluate the reliability of chemistry related information and opinions presented in the public domain.
Communicate chemical information and understandings
• interpret, explain and communicate chemical information and ideas accurately and effectively;
• use communication methods suitable for different audiences and purposes;
• use scientific language and conventions correctly, including chemical equations and units of measurement.
UNIT 1 TIMETABLE
Concepts
/Text chapt
/Minimum Chapter Questions
/Practical work including Worksheets from W/book and videos
/SAC Dates & Details
Term 1 Area of Study 1: The Periodic Table
1 / · Elements· Periodic table
· Compounds / 1 / 15, 17, 20, 23 / TRB1 p. 13 Changes in chemical reactions
Video: World of Chemistry, Periodic Table. (parts)
P16 worksheet activity 5 - Organising elements
Revision – Worksheets 3 & 4
2 / · Development of atomic theory
· Nuclear atom
· Electronic configuration / 2 / 19, 20, 21, 22, 23a,c, 24, 26, 29, ace, 30, 31, 34 / SW1 p. 81 Flame colours of selected metals (an experiment for the summary report)
3 / · The modern periodic table
· Periodic properties
· Trends in properties
· Compounds / 3 / 16, 18, 19, 20, 22, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29 / Video: Bohr atom (parts)
SW1 p. 28 Period 3 elements
P17 worksheet activity 6 - Tracking Trends4 / · Masses of particles
· The mole / 4 / TRB1 p. 26 Mole simulation and applications
Video: World of Chemistry, The Mole / SW1 p. 34 Periodic variation of properties – analysis of 2nd hand data
5 / · Practice mole concept calculations and complete all questions form chapters in text book / 21, 22, 23, 24 / Worksheets 7-11 (Homework or class revision)
6 / · Molar mass
· Empirical and molecular formulas
· percentage composition / 4 / 26aceg, 27, 28, 29, 31, 32, 36, 37, 38, 40, 32, 45, 48, 50, 51 / SW1 p. 31 Chemical composition of a compound
Prac: Empirical formula determination
Term 1 Area of Study 2: MATERIALS
7 / · Metals / 5 / 10, 14, 15, 17, 20, 21, 23 / SW1 p. 72 Testing materials
TRB1 p. 33 Growing metal crystals
Prac: Modifying the properties of metals
8 / · Ionic compounds – properties & model
· Electron transfer diagrams
· Chemical formulas / 6 / 17, 19, 21, 22, 23, 25, 26, 27, 29 / SW1 p. 82 Solubility of compounds in water (an experiment for the summary report)
SW1 p. 84 Conductivity of common materials (an experiment for the summary report)
9 / · Covalent molecular substances
· Shapes of molecules
· Polarity of molecules / 7 / 18, 19, 20, 21, 22 / SW1 p. 75 Making molecular models
Worksheets No 12, 17
Holiday – move as needed
10 / · Forces between molecules
· Covalent lattices / 7 / 23, 24, 25, 26, 29, 31, 34, 36 / TRB1 p. 41 Comparing the physical properties of different covalent lattices
Worksheet No 18, 19
11 / · Carbon
· Hydrocarbons
· Naming hydrocarbons / 8 / 18, 21, 22, 23, 24 / SW1 p. 78 Investigating hydrocarbons
Worksheet No 21 / SW1 p. 81 A summary report of three practical activities
12 / · Properties of alkenes and alkenes
· Polymers / 8 / 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 32, 34, 40 / Worksheet No 23
Demo: Thermosetting and Thermoplastic polymers
TRB1 p. 50 Making ghost buster slime
TRB1 p. 53 Making an Eastover
13 / · An overview of bonding
· Surfaces
· Nan particles / 9 / 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 16, 17 / Prac: Wetting
Demo: Flotation of Mothballs
TRB1 p. 43 Bucky balls, annotates and other allotropes of carbon
No. 22 worksheet, p69 / SW1 p. 86 Nanotechnology and new materials – a poster presentation
(optional for you not the students!)
14 / · Revision
15 / · Revision
16 / · Exams
17 / · Exams
Semester 2: Unit 2: Area of Study 1 Water
1 / · The water cycle
· Properties of water
· Water as a solvent / 10 / 13, 14, 19, 23, 24, 31, 32, 34, 35 / Selections from TRB1 p. 61 Properties of water
WS25: Wonderful water—structure and properties
2 / · Measuring solubility
· Concentration of solutions / 11 / 14. 15, 17, 19, 22ace, 23ace, 26, 28, 32, 35, 37 / TRB134: Effect of polarity on solubility
TRB135: Supersaturation
TRB136: Stalagmite from a supersaturated solution
TRB137: Concentrations of solutions
Revision for Unit 1 Examination
FORMULAE
n = m / Mr where n amount in moles
m mass in grams
Mr molar mass in gram per mole
n = no. of particles / NA where NA = 6 x 1023 which is called Avogadro's constant
PRACS
The equations and information in all pracs in your prac book is examinable material.
UNIT 2 TIMETABLE
Term 3 Area of Study 1: WATER
Wk /Concepts
/Text chapt
/Minimum Chapter Questions
/Practical work including Worksheets from W/book and videos
/School-assessed Coursework
3 / · Precipitation reactions· Ionic equations
· Maintaining water quality / 12 / 6, 8, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 17 / SW1 p. 115 Precipitation reactions
WS26: Solving solubility—predicting precipitation reactions
TRB1 p. 77 Purification of polluted water
4 / · Introducing Acids & bases
· Reactions involving acids and bases / 13 / 2, 5, 8, 9 / TRB1 p. 80 reactions of hydrochloric acid
eei- Use some of the activities from Experimental investigation of the properties and behaviour of acids - only use as a prac / An extended experimental investigation could be developed using acids and bases and pH pracs and making the links (It could be good to do this at this early stage of the semester)
5 / · Brønsted - Lowry definition
· Acid and base strength
· pH scale / 14 / 15, 16, 17, 21, 22, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 31, 32 / WS27: Recording equations—Full and ionic chemical equations;
WS28: Concentration and strength—picturing acids and bases;
T49: Strong and weak acids
TRB1 p. 82 Amphiprotic substances in water
WS31: Acidity of solutions—calculating pH
WS24: Crossword—acids and bases
6 / · Stoichiometry / 15 / 14, 15, 17, 19, 23, 24, 28, 30, 32, 33, / SW1 pp. 119 Products of a decomposition reaction
WS29: Stoichiometry 1: Mass–mass calculations
7 / · Excess reactants
· Volumetric analysis / 15 / 35, 36, 39, 40, 41, 43, 45 / TRB1 p. 90 Determination of the concentration of a hydrochloric acid solution
·
8 / · More practice of stoichiometry and catch -up / 15 / WS30: Stoichiometry 2: Excess reagent calculations
WS32: Solving complex calculations—using more than one formula
9 / · Oxidation and reduction
· Redox reactions
· Oxidation numbers / 16 / 22, 25, 27, 29, 30, 31, 32 / SW1 p. 121 Corrosion
WS33: Matchmaker—redox reactions;
WS34: Metals and their cations—writing half equations
10 / · Galvanic cells
· The electrochemical series
· Corrosion / 16 / 36, 38, 40, 42, 43, 46, 47, 50 / TRB1 p. 98 Electrochemical cells and corrosion
WS35: From chemicals to electricity—galvanic cells
11 / · Green Chemistry: Some of the following-Applications of green chemistry; The CFC story; replacement of halogenated solvents with supercritical CO2 in industrial processes or in plant protection.
· Area of study review / 17 / 3, 4, 5 / TRB1 p. 102 Investigating galvanic cells
WS36: Sorting statements—principles of green chemistry
WS37: Conserving atoms—the green chemistry principle of atom economy
12 / · The atmosphere
· Essential gases
· Acid rain
· Depletion of the ozone layer
· Smog
· Green house effect / 18
19 / 11, 12, 14, 16, 20
12, 14, 15, 21, 22, 24 / SW1 p. 155 Preparation and properties of oxygen
WS41: Gases of the atmosphere—concept maps
WS38: Crossword—the atmosphere
WS39: Humans doing damage—the greenhouse effect and the ozone layer / SW1 p. 163 Greenhouse and global warming – a response to stimulus material (optional for you if time permits)
Term 3 Area of Study 2 - THE ATMOSPHERE
13 / · Laboratory and industrial preparation of a gas of significance to the quality of the atmosphere – carbon dioxide / 20 / 13, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20 / SW1 p. 155 Preparation and properties of oxygen
WS40: Cycling matter—carbon and nitrogen / SW1 p. 164 Preparation and properties of carbon dioxide – an extended experimental investigation (could be done here but it is very late in the year)
14 / · Kinetic molecular theory
· Pressure, volume relationships
· Gas laws
· General gas equation
· Gas stoichiometry / 21 / 33, 34, 36, 40, 41, 43, 45, 47, 48, 49, 51, 57, 59, 61, 64, 66, 67 / SW1 p. 157 Volume-pressure relationships of gases
SW1 p. 160 Molar volume of hydrogen
WS42: Explaining gas behaviour—kinetic molecular theory
WS44: How humans breathe—Boyle’s Law
WS45: Charles Law
WS47: Different but the same—molar volume of gases
WS43: Equivalent measures—converting units
15 / · Revision / WS46: Changing conditions—effects of temperature, volume and amount on pressure.
WS48: Putting it all together—the general gas equation
WS49: Stoichiometry 3: mass–volume
16 / · Revision
17 / · Exams /Year 12 exams for those doing a ¾ subject
REVISION FOR UNIT 2 EXAMINATION
FORMULAE
n = m / Mr where n amount in moles
m mass in grams
Mr molar mass in gram per mole
n = c x V where c concentration in mol / L
V volume in litres
pV = nRT where R = 8.31 if P is in kPa
T is in K
V is in L
n = V / Vm where Vm molar volume
SLC Standard Lab Conditions:101.325 kPa and 25oC