KS 1985-1:2005
KENYA STANDARD
Marine paints — Specification
Part 1:
Two pack epoxy primer marine paint
Pubic Review Draft October 2005
KENYA BUREAU OF STANDARDS (KEBS)
© KEBS 2005First Edition:2005
KS 1985-1:2005
TECHNICAL COMMITTEE REPRESENTATION
The following organizations were represented on the technical committee.
Jotun paints ltd.
Sadolin Paints (E.A.) Ltd.
Unique supplies.
Kenya Ferry Services
Crown-Berger Ltd.
Government Chemist’s Department
Kenya Ports Authority
SAJCO paints company
Southern engineering company ltd (SECO)
Galaxy paints ltd
Kenya Bureau of Standards — Secretariat
REVISION OF KENYA STANDARDS
In order to keep abreast of progress in industry, Kenya standards shall be regularly reviewed. Suggestions for improvement to published standards, addressed to the Managing Director, Kenya Bureau of Standards, are welcome.
© Kenya Bureau of Standards, 2005
Copyright. Users are reminded that by virtue of section 6 of the Copyright Act, Cap. 130 of the laws of Kenya, copyright subsists in all Kenya Standards and except as provided under section 7 of this act, no Kenya Standard produced by Kenya Bureau of Standards may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system in any form or transmitted by any means without prior permission in writing from the Managing Director.
KENYA BUREAU OF STANDARDS (KEBS)
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FOREWORD
This Kenya Standard has been prepared by the Technical Committee on Paints and Allied Products under the supervision of the Chemical Industry Standards Committee, and in accordance with the procedures of Kenya Bureau of Standards.
The two-pack epoxy primer forms an important component of a paint system. This paint is intended for use as primer in paint systems for protection of iron and steel and galvanised iron and steel against corrosion due to wet and damp areas of high humidity, marine applications and marine fallout. Its suitable for application by conventional air spray or airless spray and may also be applied by roller or brush. The standard specifies such important parameters like volatile matter, drying times, hiding power and skinning among others.
During the preparation of this Standard reference was made to:
AS/NZS 3750.13:1997 Epoxy primer (two-pack)
Interbond 201,International marine coatings company standards
Acknowledgment is hereby made for the assistance derived from the source
© KEBS 2005 — All rights reserved1
KS 1985-1:2005
Marine paints — Specification
Part 1:
Two pack epoxy primer marine paint
1.Scope
This Kenya Standard specifies the requirements for a two pack, epoxy primer used for protection of iron, steel and galvanized iron and steel against atmospheric corrosion in an industrial or marine environment. It’s also used an anticorrosive primer for decks, deck fittings and cargo holds and for use at Maintenance & Repair or On Board Maintenance.
2.Definitions
For the purposes of this Kenya Standard, the definitions given in KS ISO 4618-1 apply together with the following glossary of terms related to paint.
2.1
Component
a term used to describe each of two parts of the paint, which when mixed together form the pigmented epoxy layer.
2.2
Epoxy primer
a paint consisting essentially of epoxy resin base,polyamide,amine adduct or other hardeners with appropriate pigments, solvent and additives mixed together in the proportions recommended by the manufacturer.
2.3
Type 1 primer
an epoxy primer normally applied to bare iron and steel surfaces at a dry film thickness of 35-50 μM per coat
2.4
Type 2 primer
an epoxy primer normally applied to bare iron and steel surfaces at a dry film thickness of 65-75 μM per coat
2.5
Type 3 primer
an epoxy primer normally applied to galvanised surfaces at a dry film thickness of 65-75 μM per coat
2.6
Protective coating system
sum total of coats of paint or related product which are to be applied or which have been applied to a substrate to provide corrosion protection
2.7
Marine atmosphere
the atmosphere near the sea
2.8
Abrasive-blast cleaning
the impingement of a high- kinetic- energy stream of blast cleaning abrasive on to the surface to be prepared
2.9
High-build
the property of a coating material which permits the application of a coat of higher thickness than usually considered as normal for that kind of coating
2.10
High-solid
a term used to describe a paint material with greater than normal volume of solids
2.11
Pot life
the maximum time during which a coating material supplied as separate components should be used after they have been mixed together
2.12
Tie coat
a coat designed to improve intercoat adhesion and /or avoid certain defects during application
3Requirements
3.1.1Description
A hard wearing, two pack epoxy primer offering corrosion protection in one coat.
3.1.2 Composition
The material shall be manufactured with ingredients mixed in proportion as given below.
a)Pigments-the pigment shall consist of minimum 18% titanium dioxide when tested in accordance with……….
b)Pigments-it shall consist of maximum 5% zinc dioxide when tested in accordance with……….
3.2Odour
The odour of the two pack epoxy primer-marine paint in the container, during and after application shall not be abnormally pungent, offensive or disagreeable.
3.3Condition of material in container
When visually examined, the two pack epoxy primer-marine paint shall be free from skins, uncharacteristically coarse particles, foreign matter and lumps. The container shall be free from rust and moulds.
3.4 Settling
The epoxy primer shall be free from settling. Settling if any shall be easily incorporated by stirring.
3.5Application properties
The epoxy primer shall be supplied in two containers as a unit. Always mix a complete unit in the proportions applied. The application shall be done in accordance with manufacturers instructions.
3.6Recoating properties
When tested in accordance with Annex A of KS 811 using mild steel panels and at an interval of 24 hours, there shall be no lifting of underlying coats. The two pack epoxy primer-marine paint shall exhibit no colour separation, pitting, flaking or cracking at 25 0c.
3.7 Spreading capacity
When tested in accordance with KS 161 part 9 the minimum spreading capacity shall be 8 m2 /litre when applied at a wet film thickness of 50 m.
3.8Resistance to accelerated weathering
When a film of the two pack epoxy primer-marine paint is prepared and tested in an accelerated weathering apparatus for 21 days as prescribed in Annex D, it shall not exhibit any flaking, cracking, chalking or colour fading.
3.9Gloss
When tested in accordance with KS 161 part 6 the two pack epoxy primer-marine paint applied on a clean glass test panel, shall have a 60o specular gloss of not more than 6% after drying for 16 hrs.
3.10 Wet Opacity
When tested in accordance with KS1275 annex B the two pack epoxy primer-marine paint shall have wet opacity of not more than 90m when determined using a cryptometer.
3.11Fineness of grind
When tested in accordance with KS ISO 1524, the two pack epoxy primer-marine paint shall have a fineness of grind of not more than 30m.
3.12 Surface preparations
The surface preparations shall be done as described in annex B
3.13Other requirements.
The material shall also comply with the requirements given in the Table 1 below:
3.13.1 Wet paint
The wet mixed material shall also comply with the requirements given in the Table 1 below:
Table 1 — Requirements for the wet coat of two pack epoxy primer
Item no / Characteristic / Requirements / Test method1 / Drying time
a)Surface dry
b)Hard dry / 4 hours, maximum
24 hours, maximum / KS 909 Annex F
2 / Viscisty[1]at 25oC Pa.s / 68 - 72 KU / Use the rotation paddle viscometer
3 / Solids content, % m/m / 74 ± 2, / KS 161 Part 5
5 / Pot life,hours. / 6, maximum. / Annex A
6 / Flash point / 30 0c, minimum. / KS 161 part 17
7 / Specific gravity at 25 oC / 1.46±0.05 / KS 161 Part 4,
3.13.2 Dry coat[2]
Table 2— Requirements for the dry coat, two pack epoxy primer
Item no / Characteristic / Requirements / Test method1 / Colour / Close match with the colour in the Kebs universal colour chart. / KS 163
2 / Dry film thickness per coat / 30µm, minimum. / Mikro test method
3 / Finish / Smooth, uniform in colour and appearance / Visual inspection
4 / Gloss at 600 minimum / 6 % / KS 161- part 6
5 / Scratch hardness using 150N. / No such scratches shall produce a bare metal / KS 161 part 19
6 / Flexibility and adhesion / There shall be no visible damage or detachment of film. / KS 161 part 16
7 / Acid / Alkali resistance / The film shall not show signs of disintegration or change of colour to a great extent. The loss of gloss shall not be more than 50 % of the original gloss / Annex B
3.14Quantity of material
Shall not be less than the declared volume at 25 0C +2 0C when tested in accordance with KS 811 annex B.
3.15 sampling
A representative samples of not less than 2L of paint shall be taken randomly from the factory, market or elsewhere and tested for compliance with the requirements of the standard
4Packaging and Marking
4.1 Packaging
The paint shall be packed in suitable containers in the following measurers: 20ℓ, 4ℓ, 1ℓ, ½ℓ and ¼ℓ.
4.2 Marking
Each container shall be marked legibly and indelibly with the following:
a)Colour:
b) The words ; two pack epoxy primer
b)Name and address of the manufacturer and/or registered trader mark
d)Volume of the material in L
e)Date of manufacture
f)Spreading capacity, in m2/L
g) Instructions for use
h)Pot-life life at 25 0c
i) An indication of flammability
Annex A
(normative)
Resistance to alkali
A.1Apparatus
A.l.lTest panels
A.l.2Vessel, made of inert material, capable of holding test liquids and test panels.
A.2.1Reagents
A.2.1.15 % sodium hydroxide solution
A.3Procedure.
A.3.1 Prepare test panels as per KS 161-2 and condition the test panels for at least 16 h under standard conditions given in ISO 3270 i.e. (23± 2) 0C and (50 ± 5)% relative humidity.
A.3.2 Immerse panels to a depth of 50% for 24 h in 5 % sodium hydroxide solution contained a beaker. Stand or hang the test piece in an approximately vertical position in the beaker. If several test pieces are loaded at the same time make sure that they are spaced 5mm apart.
A.3.3 Withdraw the panels, wash with distilled water, and examine immediately for any objectionable alteration in the surface such as discoloration, change in gloss, blistering, softening, swelling, loss of adhesion.
A.3.4 If desired, allow the panels to recover after 24 h and examine for return of the original properties.
A.3.5 In general, it will not be necessary to seal the edges of the applied film. If the reagent effect is noted only around the panel edges, the test should be repeated using a suitable edge sealer.
A 2.3 Report
A 2.3.1 Report the type of effect, if any
A 2.3.2 Detail of the test panel (including thickness) and surface pre-treatment of the substrate.
A 2.3.23 Dry film thickness of the coating, in micrometers.
Annex B
(informative)
Surface preparations
B.1Procedure.
B.1.1 Surface preparation shall be done in accordance with the standard Worldwide Marine Specifications. All surfaces to be coated should be clean, dry and free from contamination.
High pressure fresh water wash or fresh water wash, as appropriate, and remove all oil or grease, soluble contaminants and other foreign matter in accordance with SSPC-SP1 solvent cleaning.
B.1 .2 MAJOR REFURBISHMENT
Abrasive blast cleaning shall be done in accordance to ISO 8501-1:1988. If oxidation has occurred between blasting and application of epoxy primer/finish, the surface should be reblasted to the specified visual standard. Surface defects revealed by the blast cleaning process, should be ground, filled, or treated in the appropriate manner. Two pack epoxy primer-marine paintshall be applied to surfaces prepared by Hydroblasting, which have flash rusted.
B.1.3 REPAIR/OBM - Exposed steel and corrosion
Hand or power tool cleaning shall be done in accordance with ISO 8501-1:1988.
Note, all scale must be removed and areas, which cannot be prepared adequately by chipping or needle gun, should be spot blasted to a minimum standard of ISO 8501-1:1988. The surface should be reblasted to the specified visual standard. Surface defects revealed by the blast cleaning process, should be ground, filled, or treated in the appropriate manner. Two pack epoxy primer-marine paintshall be applied to surfaces prepared through Hydroblasting.
Two pack epoxy primer-marine paintis suitable for overlap onto most aged coating systems. Loose or flaking coatings should be removed back to a firm edge and two pack epoxy primer-marine paintshould be applied to overlap the existing coating by 2-3 centimeters (one inch). Glossy epoxies and polyurethane’s may require abrasion.
B.1.4 Intact Coatings
This product may be applied as a full coat over most generic types of paint that have been aged for at least 3 months. It is advisable that a small trial be carried out before applying a full coat over certain generic types. Accurate film thickness control is essential, particularly with overcoating existing systems.
B.1.5 Wet Holds
Abrasive blast cleaning shalI be done in accordance with SO 8501-1:1988.
two pack epoxy primer-marine paintshall be applied to surfaces prepared by Hydroblasting .
Annex C
(informative)
Application properties
C .1 Mixing
.
(1) Agitate the Base with a power agitator.
(2) Combine entire contents of Curing Agent with Base and mix thoroughly with power agitator.
C .2 Thinner
Not recommended. Use International GTA220 only in exceptional circumstances (max 5% by volume.
C .3 Airless Spray
- Tip range 0.53 - 0.84mm (21-33 thou)
- Total output fluid pressure at spray tip not less than 176-246 kg/cm² (2500-3500 p.s.i.)
C .4 Conventional Spray
Application by conventional spray is not recommended.
C .5 Brush
Application by brush is recommended for small areas only. Multiple coats may be required to achieve specified film thickness.
C .6 Roller
Cleaner International GTA220,GTA822 or International GTA220 (USA)
C .6
Work Stoppages and Cleanup
Do not allow material to remain in hoses, gun or spray equipment. Thoroughly flush all equipment with International GTA220,GTA822 or International GTA220 (USA). Once units of paint have been mixed they should not be resealed and it is advised that after prolonged stoppages work recommences with freshly mixed units.
Clean all equipment immediately after use with International GTA220,GTA822 or International GTA220 (USA). It’s good working practice to periodically flush out spray equipment during the course of the working day.
Frequency of cleaning will depend upon amount sprayed, temperature and elapsed time, including any delays. Do
not exceed pot life limitations. All surplus materials and empty containers should be disposed of in accordance
with appropriate regional regulations/legislation.
C .7 Welding
In the event welding or flame cutting is performed on metal coated with this product, dust and fumes will be
emitted which will require the use of appropriate personal protective equipment and adequate local exhaust
ventilation. In North America do so in accordance with instruction in ANSI/ASC Z49.1 "Safety in Welding and
Cutting."
Bibliography
[1] KS 811Kenya Standard specification for semi-gloss emulsion paints for interior and exterior use.
[2] KS 161-4Paints and varnishes – Determination of specific gravity or weigh/litre.
[3]KS ISO 1524:2000Paints and varnishes – Test method – Determination of fineness of grind.
© KEBS 2005 — All rights reserved1
[1]Viscosity units.
To change viscosity units from KU (Krebs unit) to mPa.s or cP the following formula shall apply:
Viscosity range of 200-2100 mPa.s (cP)
ln (KU)=1.1187+0.8542*ln (0.1938v +36)-0.0443(ln (0.1938v +36) )2
Viscosity range of 2100-5000 mPa.s (cP)
ln (KU)=1.18118+0.596*ln (0.1938v +36)-0.0206(ln (0.1938v +36) )2
Where KU is the viscosity in Krebs units at 250
and v is the viscosity in mPa.s (cP) at 250
[2]Tests mentioned 4.42 shall be carried out for the full system that is
1 coat of primer, 1 coat of intermediate and 1 coat of finishing paint or 1 coat of primer and 1 coat of finishing paint supplied by the same firm after 168 hours curing at 30°C.