Geometry A Course Syllabus
Course Description
Geometry A, the first course of a two-semester series, teaches students the logic and information they will need to solve proof problems and to prove mathematical theorems. Emphasis in this course is on the logic of geometry, angles and lines, triangles and congruency, quadrilaterals, similarity, and right triangles. Students enrolling in this course should have successfully completed one year of Algebra.
Course Objectives
Upon completion of this course, you will be able to:
· use conditional statements, inductive and deductive reasoning, and algebraic properties to solve geometric proofs
· identify the angles formed by parallel lines and transversals
· classify triangles by side length and angle measure
· prove triangles are congruent by SSS, SAS, AAS, and ASA
· identify special quadrilaterals and use their properties to find missing measures
· use proportions to determine similarity and find missing measures of similar figures
· use Pythagorean Theorem, properties of special right triangles and ratios from trigonometry to find missing measures of right triangles
*NOTE: The suggested time frame for the completion of each unit is just an estimate. This syllabus is based on an 18-week semester. You may work on each unit at your own pace, but keep in mind that you must finish the entire course within the time specified by your school district.
Unit 1: Logic of Geometry (Weeks 1 through 2)
Objectives:
Upon completion of this unit, you will be able to:
· describe the undefined terms of Geometry
· use the undefined terms to define other vocabulary terms
· write conditional (if-then) statements
· write the converse of conditional statements
· write the inverse of conditional statements
· write the contrapositive of conditional statements
· apply the properties of Algebra in geometry
· write simple geometric proofs
Modules:
- Geometry Basics - Vocabulary
- Points, Lines, Planes, and Space Video
- Vocabulary – Angles
- Vocabulary – Figures and Reasoning
- Thinking About Geometry Video
- Postulates and Theorems Video
- Logic of Geometry
- Conjectures and Inductive Reasoning
- Counterexample
- Conditional (If-Then) Statements
- eview Exercises
- Related Conditionals
- Conditional Statements Gizmo
- Inverse
- Contrapositive
- Review Exercises
- Deductive Reasoning
- Laws of Deductive Reasoning
- Review Exercises
- Algebraic Properties – Addition and Subtractions
- Algebraic Properties – Multiplication and Division
- Properties of Equality and Congruence – Reflexive and Symmetric
- Properties of Equality and Congruence – Transitive and Substitution
- Review Exercises
Assignments:
Lesson 1 Homework - Conjectures and Inductive Reasoning / Homework / 5 pointsLesson 2 Homework - Related Conditionals / Homework / 5 points
Lesson 3 Homework - Deductive Reasoning / Homework / 5 points
Lesson 4 Homework - Algebraic Properties Used in Geometry / Homework / 5 points
Unit 1 Test – Logic of Geometry / Exam / 10 points
Unit 2: Angles and Lines (Weeks 3 through 5)
Objectives:
Upon completion of this unit, you will be able to:
· identify and name pairs of angles
· identify angles formed by transversals
· apply properties of parallel lines
· use proofs to prove lines are parallel
· apply properties of parallel lines to prove special triangle relationships
· apply properties of perpendicular lines
· identify, name and find the sum of the angles of polygons
Modules:
- Angles and Lines
- Angle Pairs – Adjacent Angles
- Angle Pairs –Complementary Angles
- Angle Pairs – Supplementary Angles
- Angle Pairs – Vertical Angles
- Investigating Angle Theorems Gizmos
- Proof Exercises
- Angles Defined Video
- Review Exercises
- Transversal
- Review Exercises
- Parallel Lines and Transversals – Corresponding Angles
- Alternate Interior Angles
- Proof Exercise – Alternate Interior Angle Theorem
- Alternate Exterior Angles
- Proof Exercise – Alternate Exterior Angle Theorem
- Same-Side Interior Angles
- Proof Exercise – Same-Side Interior Angle Theorem
- Perpendicular Transversal
- Review Exercises
- Proving Parallel Lines – Corresponding Angles
- Proving Parallel Lines – Alternate Interior Angles
- Proof Exercise – Converse of the Alternate Interior Angles Theorem
- Proving Parallel Lines – Alternate Exterior Angles
- Proof Exercise – Converse of Alternate Exterior Angle Theorem
- Proving Parallel Lines – Same-Side Interior Angles
- Proving Parallel Lines – Other Methods
- Proving Parallel Lines – Review
- Parallel Lines and Angles Video
- Review Exercises
- Perpendicular Lines
- Construction – Perpendicular Lines through a Point on a Given Line
- Perpendicular Lines and Linear Pairs and Perpendicular Postulate
- Construction - Perpendicular Lines through a Point Not on a Given Line
- Proof Exercise – Perpendicular Lines and Complementary Angles
- Review Exercises
Assignments:
Lesson 1 Homework - Angle Pairs / Homework / 5 pointsLesson 2 Homework – Transversals / Homework / 5 points
Lesson 3 Homework – Parallel Lines and Transversals / Homework / 5 points
Lesson 4 Homework – Proving Parallel Lines / Homework / 5 points
Lesson 5 Homework – Perpendicular Lines / Homework / 5 points
Unit 2 Test – Angles and Lines / Exam / 10 points
Unit 3: Triangles and Congruency (Weeks 6 through 8)
Objectives:
Upon completion of this unit, you will be able to:
· Classify triangles by the length of their sides
· Classify triangles by the measure of their angles
· Find the corresponding parts of congruent triangles
· Apply postulates and theorems to prove triangle congruency
· Use medians, altitudes and bisectors to explore special relationship in triangles
Modules:
- Construction Tools
- Triangles and Congruency
- Classifying Triangles by Sides and Angles – Classifying Triangles Gizmo
- Classifying by Sides
- Isosceles and Equilateral Triangles Gizmo
- Proof Exercise – Isosceles Triangle Theorem
- Classifying by Angles
- Review Exercises
- Special Triangle Relationship using Parallel Lines
- Triangle Sum Theorem
- Proof Exercise – Triangle Sum Theorem
- Triangle Angle Sum Activity A & B Gizmo
- Third Angle Theorem
- Exterior Angle Theorem
- Triangles – Definitions and Basic Facts Video
- Review Exercises
- Congruent Triangles and their Corresponding Parts
- Corresponding Parts of Congruent Triangles
- Construction – Congruent Segments
- Construction – Congruent Angle
- Properties of Triangle Congruence
- Definition of Congruent Triangles (CPCTC)
- Review Exercises
- Theorems and Postulates for Triangle Congruency
- Side-Side-Side Postulate (SSS)
- Side-Angle-Side Postulate (SAS)
- Angle-Side-Angle Postulate (ASA)
- Angle-Angle-Side Theorem (AAS)
- Proof Exercise – Angle-Angle-Side Theorem
- Review of Triangle Congruency
- Proving Triangles Congruent Video
- Proving Triangles Congruent Gizmo
- Review Exercises
- Special Relationships in Triangles
- Bisectors, Medians and Altitudes
- Bisector Discussion (Part 1) – Bisectors in Triangles Gizmo
- Bisector Discussion (Part 2) – Perpendicular Bisector and Paper Construction
- Bisector Discussion (Part 3) – Circumcenter Theorem and Paper Construction
- Bisector Discussion (Part 4) – Angle Bisector Theorem and Incenter Theorem
- Median Discussion
- Altitude Discussion
- Review of Special Relationships in Triangles
- Concurrent Lines, Medians, and Altitudes Gizmo
- Review Exercises
Assignments:
Lesson 1 Homework - Classifying Triangles by Sides and Angles / Homework / 5 pointsLesson 2 Homework – Special Triangles and Their Corresponding Parts / Homework / 5 points
Lesson 3 Homework – Congruent Triangles and Their Corresponding Parts / Homework / 5 points
Lesson 4 Homework – Theorems and Postulates for Triangle Congruency / Homework / 5 points
Lesson 5 Homework – Special Relationships in Triangles / Homework / 5 points
Unit 3 Test – Triangles and Congruency / Exam / 10 points
Geometry A Midterm Exam (Week 9)
Objectives:
Upon completion of this unit, you will be able to:
· review information acquired and mastered from this course up to this point
· take a course exam based on material from the first three units in this course (Note: You will be able to open this exam only one time.)
Assignment:
Geometry A Midterm Exam / Exam / 18 points
Unit 4: Quadrilaterals (Weeks 10 through 12)
Objectives:
Upon completion of this unit, you will be able to:
· classify polygons by number of sides
· calculate the sum of the interior angles of a polygon
· identify parts of quadrilaterals and find the sum of their interior angles
· show, identify and apply the properties of parallelograms
· determine if a quadrilateral is a parallelogram
· identify and apply properties of special parallelograms
· identify and apply properties of trapezoids
· prove congruent quadrilaterals
Modules:
- Polygons
- Convex Polygon and Concave Polygon
- Polygon Angle Sum Activity A & B Gizmos
- Interior and Exterior Angle Theorem
- General Definitions of Polygons Video
- Review Exercises
- Identifying Parts of and Types of Quadrilaterals
- Part of a Quadrilateral
- Quadrilateral Chart
- Review Exercises
- Parallelograms
- Properties of Parallelograms (Theorems) Part 1
- Proof Exercise – Opposite Angles of a Parallelogram are Congruent
- Properties of Parallelograms (Theorems) Part 2
- Proof Exercise – Consecutive Angles in a Parallelogram are Supplementary
- Properties of Parallelograms (Theorems) Part 3
- Proof Exercise – Diagonals of a Parallelogram and Congruent Triangles
- Test for Parallelograms
- Parallelogram Conditions Gizmo
- Ways to Prove a Quadrilateral is a Parallelogram
- Review Exercises
- Classifying Quadrilaterals – Activity A Gizmo
- Special Parallelograms
- Rectangle and its Diagonals
- Proof Exercise – Diagonals of a Rectangle
- Rhombus and its Diagonals
- Special Quadrilaterals Gizmo
- Squares
- Review Exercises
- Trapezoids and Kites
- Trapezoids
- Isosceles Trapezoid
- Median (AKA Midsegment) of a Trapezoid
- Kites
- Classifying Quadrilaterals – Activity B Gizmo
- Review Exercises
Assignments:
Lesson 1 Homework – Polygons / Homework / 5 pointsLesson 2 Homework – Identifying Parts of and Types of Quadrilaterals / Homework / 5 points
Lesson 3 Homework – Parallelograms / Homework / 5 points
Lesson 4 Homework – Special Parallelograms / Homework / 5 points
Lesson 5 Homework – Trapezoids and Kites / Homework / 5 points
Unit 4 Test – Quadrilaterals / Exam / 10 points
Unit 5: Similarity (Weeks 13 through 14)
Objectives:
Upon completion of this unit, you will be able to:
· use ratios and proportions to solve geometric problems
· apply properties of proportions
· identify and apply theorems about similar polygons including triangles
· identify and use the relationship between proportional parts of triangles which includes the Triangle Proportionality Theorem
Modules:
- Ratios and Proportions
- Definition of Ratio
- Ratios Video
- Simplifying Ratios and Using Ratios
- Extended Ratios
- Proportion
- Cross Product Property
- Proportions and Common Multipliers Gizmo
- Reciprocal Property and Solving Proportions
- Beam to Moon (Ratios and Proportion) Gizmo
- Review Exercises
- Similar Polygons
- Similar Pentagons Example
- Scale Factor
- Similar Figures – Activity A Gizmo
- Similar Polygons Gizmo
- Perimeters of Similar Polygons Theorem
- Using Proportions with Similar Polygons
- Review Exercises
- Similar Triangles
- Angle-Angle Similarity Postulate
- Side-Side-Side Similarity Postulate
- Side-Angle-Side Similarity Postulate
- Part 2 – Special Triangles Video
- Section A – Proving the Similarity of Triangles Video
- Review Exercises
- Proportionality Theorems
- Triangle Proportionality Theorem
- Converse to the Triangle Proportionality Theorem
- Midsegment Theorem
- Parallel Proportionality Theorem
- Review Exercises
Assignments:
Lesson 1 Homework – Ratios and Proportions / Homework / 5 pointsLesson 2 Homework – Similar Polygons / Homework / 5 points
Lesson 3 Homework – Similar Triangles / Homework / 5 points
Lesson 4 Homework –Proportionality Theorems / Homework / 5 points
Unit 5 Test – Similarity / Exam / 10 points
Unit 6: Right Triangles (Weeks 15 through 17)
Objectives:
Upon completion of this unit, you will be able to:
· determine similarity of right triangles
· simplify square roots
· apply the concept of geometric mean and use the ratios formed by the geometric mean theorems
· apply the Pythagorean Theorem and its converse to right triangles
· apply the properties of special right triangles to find the lengths of the sides
· apply trigonometric ratios and their inverses to solve problems
Modules:
- Congruency of Right Triangles
- Congruence Theorems for Right Triangles – Part 1
- Congruence Theorems for Right Triangles – Part 2
- Review Exercises
- Similar Right Triangles
- Altitude of a Right Triangle
- Geometric Mean
- Geometric Mean Theorems
- Similarity in Right Triangles Gizmo
- Review Exercises
- Square Roots
- Square Roots Gizmo
- Multiplying and Dividing Square Roots
- Simplifying Radicals – Activity A Gizmo
- Review Exercises
- The Pythagorean Theorem and its Converse
- The Converse of the Pythagorean Theorem
- Pythagorean Theorem – Activity A Gizmo
- Right Triangles, Altitudes, the Pythagorean Theorem, and You Video
- Pythagorean Theorem – Activity B Gizmo
- Review Exercises
- Special Right Triangles
- 45°-45°-90° Right Triangle Theorem
- 30°-60°-90° Right Triangle Theorem
- Special Right Triangles Video
- Review Exercises
- Right Triangles and Trigonometric Ratios
- Sine, Cosine, and Tangent (Basic Trig Ratios)
- Sine, Cosine, and Tangent Gizmo
- Sine and Cosine Ratios – Activity A Gizmo
- Sine and Cosine Ratios – Activity B Gizmo
- Tangent Ratio Gizmo
- Cosecant, Secant, and Cotangent (Inverses of Basic Trig Ratios)
- Six Trig Functions Video
- Trigonometric Values of Special Angles
- Trigonometric Values Video
- Review Exercises
Assignments:
Lesson 1 Homework – Congruency of Right Triangles / Homework / 5 pointsLesson 2 Homework – Similar Right Triangles / Homework / 5 points
Lesson 3 Homework – Square Roots / Homework / 5 points
Lesson 4 Homework – The Pythagorean Theorem and its Converse / Homework / 5 points
Lesson 5 Homework – Special Right Triangles / Homework / 5 points
Lesson 6 Homework – Right Triangles and Trigonometric Ratios / Homework / 5 points
Unit 6 Test – Right Triangles / Exam / 10 points
Geometry A Final Exam (Week 18)Objectives:
Upon completion of this unit, you will be able to:
· review information acquired and mastered from this course
· take a course exam based on material from all units in this course (Note: You will be able to open this exam only one time.)
Assignment:
Geometry A Final Exam / Exam / 25 pointsDisability Statement
If you have a disability or condition that may affect your ability to succeed in this course, please contact your teacher. It’s important that you discuss the problem with him or her so accommodations may be made to give you every opportunity to perform well. Your teacher and virtual school program coordinators are committed to helping students with disabilities succeed, and every request will be treated with respect and confidentiality.
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