Evidence Table 166.KQ4 Outcomes—Half life (T1/2)
Author YearStudy Design / Definition of outcome / CHD Risk Category / CVD drug (dose mg/d) / Supplement/ Control / N / Post treatment Mean/
(Median)
SD/SE
Lower limit (IQR, 95% CI)
Upper Limit (IQR, 95% CI) / Mean change/% change from baseline/
SD/
P Value / Between group differences in Means/ medians
SD/
P Value / Additional comments / Overall Risk of Bias (ROB) Assessment
Kim 201035
Cross-over / hours – measured after single dose of ticlopidine and single dose Ginkgo biloba / Low and/or Moderate / Ticlopidine (250; single dose) / Ginkgo biloba (0.08; single dose) / 24 / Mean: 13.5
SD: 5.6 / - / GMRdiff: 0.27 / Medium
No treatment / 24 / Mean: 11.2
SD: 4.8 / -
Tankanow 200365
Cross-over / hours: Measured after 10 days digoxin or 21 days digoxin + hawthorn / Low (healthy) / Digoxin (0.25) / Hawthorn (0.9) / 8 / Mean: 48
SD: 6 / - / - / - / Medium
No treatment / 8 / Mean: 50
SD: 15 / -
Mauro 200343
Cross-over / hours; Measured after single-dose administration of digoxin following 7 days pre-treatment with Ginkgo biloba or no pre-treatment. / Low (healthy) / Digoxin (0.5; single dose) / Ginkgo biloba (0.24) / 6 / Mean: 44.0
SD:19.6 / - / - / - / Medium
No treatment / 6 / Mean: 26.0
SD: 11.1 / -
Evidence Table 166. KQ4 Outcomes—Half life (T1/2) (continued)
Author Year
Study Design / Definition of outcome / CHD Risk Category / CVD drug (dose mg/d) / Supplement/ Control / N / Post treatment Mean/
(Median)
SD/SE
Lower limit (IQR, 95% CI)
Upper Limit (IQR, 95% CI) / Mean change/% change from baseline/
SD/
P Value / Between group differences in Means/ medians
SD/
P Value / Additional comments / Overall Risk of Bias (ROB) Assessment
Jiang 200433
Cross-over / R-Warfarin:
hours; measured after single dose warfarin following 1 week pretreatment with ginseng or no pretreatment.Subjects followed for one more week post warfarin dose. / Low (healthy) / Warfarin (25; single dose) / Ginseng (3) / 12 / Mean: 47.9
SD: 7.8
Lower: 42.9
Upper: 52.9 / - / GMRdiff: 0.93
Lower: 0.88
Upper: 0.99 / Upper and lower limits of individual group data = 95% CI; Upper and lower limits of between group difference = 90% CI / Medium
No treatment / 12 / Mean: 51.7
SD: 9.6
Lower: 45.6
Upper: 57.8 / -
S-Warfarin:
hours; measured after single-dose warfarin following 1 wk pretreatment with ginseng or no pretreatment.Subjects followed for 1 wk post warfarin dose. / Low (healthy) / Warfarin (25; single dose) / Ginseng (3) / 12 / Mean: 29.2
SD: 5.2
Lower: 25.9
Upper: 32.4 / - / GMRdiff: 0.92
Lower: 0.85
Upper: 0.99 / Upper and lower limits of individual group data = 95% CI; Upper and lower limits of between group difference = 90% CI / Medium
No treatment / 12 / Mean: 31.7
SD: 4.5
Lower: 28.8
Upper: 34.5 / -
Jiang 200532
Cross-over / R-Warfarin:
hours; measured after single dose warfarin following 1 week pretreatment with Ginger, Ginkgo biloba or no pretreatment.Subjects followed for one more week post warfarin dose. / Low (healthy) / Warfarin (25; single dose) / Ginger (3.6) / 12 / Mean:47.7
Lower: 42.6
Upper: 52.8 / - / Ginger
GMRdiff: 0.94
Lower: 0.90
Upper: 1.01
Ginkgo biloba
GMRdiff: 0.97
Lower: 0.92
Upper:1.02 / Upper and lower limits of individual group data = 95% CI; Upper and lower limits of between group difference = 90% CI / Medium
Ginkgo biloba(12) / 12 / Mean: 48.6
Lower: 44.7
Upper: 52.4 / -
No treatment / 12 / Mean: 50.3
Lower: 45.8
Upper: 54.9 / -
S-Warfarin:
hours; measured after single-dose warfarin following 1 wk pretreatment with Ginger, Ginkgo biloba or no pretreatment.Subjects followed for 1 wk post warfarin dose. / Low (healthy) / Warfarin (25; single dose) / Ginger (3.6) / 12 / Mean: 35.7
Lower: 30.0
Upper: 41.3 / - / Ginger
GMRdiff: 0.99
Lower: 0.94
Upper:1.04
Ginkgo biloba
GMRdiff: 0.98
Lower: 0.93
Upper:1.04 / Upper and lower limits of individual group data = 95% CI; Upper and lower limits of between group difference = 90% CI / Medium
Ginkgo biloba(12) / 12 / Mean: 35.1
Lower: 30.9
Upper: 39.3 / -
No treatment / 12 / Mean: 35.8
Lower: 31.1
Upper: 40.3
Hajda 201028 / Statin half time. / Low (healthy) / Simvastatin (20) / Garlic extract (600 mg twice daily) / 10 / Mean: 5.0
SD: 1.9 / - / GMR (95% CI): 1.02 (0.81, 1.27) / - / Medium
No treatment / 10 / Mean: 4.92
SD: 0.93 / - / -
Hajda 201028 / Statin half time. / Low (healthy) / Pravastatin
(20) / Garlic extract (600 mg twice daily) / 10 / Mean: 3.57
SD: 1.11 / - / GMR (95% CI): 0.92 (0.5, 1.13) / - / Medium
No treatment / 10 / Mean: 3.75
SD: 0.66 / - / - / -
Di Spirito 200819
Cross-over / Atorvastatin; hours; 2 weeks treatment / Low (healthy) / Atorvastatin (80) / Omega-3 fatty acids (EPA, DHA or both) (4) / 49 / Mean: 6.39
SD: 1.69 / - / - / Medium
No treatment / 49 / Mean: 6.66
SD: 3.81 / -
2-hydroxytorvastatin; hours; 2 weeks treatment / Low (healthy) / Atorvastatin (80) / Omega-3 fatty acids (EPA, DHA or both) (4) / 49 / Mean: 7.17
SD: 3.44 / - / - / Medium
No treatment / 49 / Mean: 6.75
SD: 2.72 / -
Mohammed Abdul 200849
Cross-over / R-Warfarin:
hours; measured after single dose warfarin following 2 wks pretreatment with garlic or no pretreatment.Subjects followed for one more week post warfarin dose. / Low (healthy) / Warfarin (25; single dose) / Garlic (4; 7.42 mg allicin) / 12 / Mean: 52.6
Lower: 47.4
Upper: 57.9 / - / GMRdiff: 0.98
Lower: 0.84
Upper:1.14 / Upper and lower limits of individual group data = 95% CI; Upper and lower limits of between group difference = 90% CI / Medium
No treatment / 12 / Mean: 55.6
Lower: 46.2
Upper: 65.0 / -
S-Warfarin:
hours; measured after single dose warfarin following 2 wks pretreatment with garlic or no pretreatment.Subjects followed for one more week post warfarin dose / Low (healthy) / Warfarin (25; single dose) / Garlic (4; 7.42 mg allicin) / 12 / Mean: 41.2
Lower: 35.1
Upper: 47.3 / - / GMRdiff: 0.99
Lower: 0.83
Upper: 1.18 / Upper and lower limits of individual group data = 95% CI; Upper and lower limits of between group difference = 90% CI / Medium
No treatment / 12 / Mean: 38.6
Lower: 35.7
Upper: 41.5 / -
McKenney 200645
Cross-over / Simvastatin; hours; 2 wk treatment. / Low and/or Moderate / Simvastatin (80) / Omega-3 fatty acids (EPA, DHA or both) (4) / 23 / Mean: 7.4
SD: 1.6 / - / - / - / Medium
No treatment / 23 / Mean: 9.9
SD: 5.5 / -
Beta-hydroxysimvastatin; hours; 2 wk treatment. / Low and/or Moderate / Simvastatin (80) / Omega-3 fatty acids (EPA, DHA or both) (4) / 18 / Mean: 9.5
SD: 5.8 / - / - / - / Medium
No treatment / 18 / Mean: 9.4
SD: 5.9 / -
Abdul 20101
Cross-over / R-Warfarin:
hours; measured after single dose warfarin following 2 wks pretreatment with Echinacea or no pretreatment.Subjects followed for one more week post warfarin dose. / Low (healthy) / Warfarin (25; single dose) / Echinacea (5.1; 23 mg total alkamides) / 12 / Mean: 49.2
Lower: 44.3
Upper: 54.2 / - / GMRdiff: 0.98
Lower: 0.88
Upper: 1.10 / Upper and lower limits of individual group data = 95% CI; Upper and lower limits of between group difference = 90% CI / Medium
No treatment / 12 / Mean: 50.6
Lower: 44.9
Upper: 56.2 / -
S-Warfarin:
hours; measured after single dose warfarin following 2 wks pretreatment with Echinacea or no pretreatment.Subjects followed for one more week post warfarin dose. / Low (healthy) / Warfarin (25; single dose) / Echinacea (5.1; 23 mg total alkamides) / 12 / Mean: 36.5 Lower: 34.1
Upper: 38.8 / - / GMRdiff: 0.95
Lower: 0.84
Upper: 1.08 / Upper and lower limits of individual group data = 95% CI; Upper and lower limits of between group difference = 90% CI / Medium
No treatment / 12 / Mean: 38.6 Lower: 34.3
Upper: 43.0