Bonding Basics Part 1

Bonding Basics:

  • Bonding is an example of a ______change
  • Bonding occurs when ______are chemically joined
  • When 2 or more atoms bond, that is called a ______
  • A molecule that contains 2 or more ______is called a ______.

Review: Bonding is all about…

  • ______= the electrons in the outer (valence) shell of an atom
  • How many electrons makes the valence shell full or stable/“happy”?
  • 1st shell: ______electrons
  • 2nd, 3rd, 4th, etc. shells: ______electrons

THE OCTET RULE:

  • Atoms ______or ______valence electrons in order to be full and stable/happy with a full valence shell.
  • Atoms with less than 4 valenceelectrons tend to ______.
  • Atoms with more than 4 valenceelectrons tend to ______.

How many valence electrons does Carbon have? ______

So what will an element like Carbon do?

Reminder: Atoms will give away or stealvalence electrons in order to be full & STABLE/HAPPY with a full valence shell!

  • REMEMBER: When an atom gains or loses electrons it becomes a charged ______.

Element / Element Symbol / Atomic Number / Total # of Electrons / # of Valence Electrons / # of Electrons Given or Stolen / Overall Charge
(+/-)
Chlorine
Potassium
Magnesium
Fluorine
Aluminum
Carbon
FLIP THE PAPER OVER AND TRY IT A DIFFERENT WAY!
/ Oxygen atom / Oxygen ion
Atomic number: / Atomic number:
Mass number: / Mass number:
Protons: / Protons:
Neutrons: / Neutrons:
Electrons: / Electrons:
Oxygen atom / Oxygen ion / Cation or Anion? / Ion symbol:
MAKE SURE YOU DRAW THE ELECTRONS ON THE SHELLS!
/ Sodium atom / Sodium ion
Atomic number: / Atomic number:
Mass number: / Mass number:
Protons: / Protons:
Neutrons: / Neutrons:
Electrons: / Electrons:
Sodium atom / Sodium ion / Cation or Anion? / Ion symbol:

Bonding Basics Part 2

Ionic Bonds / Covalent Bonds
Atoms will ______one or more electron to another atom to form the bond.
Each atom is left with a ______ outer shell.
An ionic bond forms between a ______ ion with a positive charge and a ______ ion with a negative charge. / Atoms ______one or more electrons with each other to form the bond.
Each atom is left with a ______outer shell.
A covalent bond forms between two ______.
Metallic Bonds
A metallic bond forms between ______.
Valence electrons move freely in an ______between metal atoms to form a bond between all of the metal atoms in the area.
This gives metals strength, stability and properties like conductivity & ______.
Metallic bonds create solutions called ______, which are a combination of elements that make other metallic materials like brass, bronze, pewter, steel and even ______!