东北农业大学网络教育学院
大学英语第四册最新网上作业题（20151230）
作业题一
一、单项选择题(每题1分，共30题)
1. In Britain, the best season of the year is probably ____ spring.
A) later B) last C) latter D)late
2. It is reported that ____ adopted children want to know who their natural parents are.
A) the most B) most of C) most D) the most of
3. The neighborhood boys like to play basketball on that ____ lot.
A) valid B) vain C) vacant D) vague
4. He made such a ____ contribution to the university that they are naming one of the new building after him.
A) genuine B) minimum C) modest D) generous
5. The weatherman broadcasts the ____ in temperature twice a day.
A) diversion B) variation C) variety D) modification
6. She ____ her sister in appearance but not in character.
A) looks B) compares C) resembles D) equals
7. The classroom teacher must be ______to a child’s needs.
A) sensible B) sensitive C senseless D) sensory
8. No one could ______such a word.
A) seek out B) rely on C) take on D) live with
9. ______no electronic computers, there would be no artificial satellites or rockets.
A) If there were B) If there has been
C) Had there been D) There had been
10. _____ is generally accepted, economical growth is determined by the smooth development of production.
A) What B) That C) This D) As
11. Many people prefer mineral water to ______water.
A) pure B) purified. C) purely D) purifying
12. She spends too much money_____ her clothes.
A) in B) on C) with D) off
13. Violent programs on television may have a bad ______on children.
A) affection B) influence C) control D) power
14. It was ______by the railways board that the cost of rail fares would be increased by ten percent.
A) noticed B) stated C) noted D) spoken
15. They arrived home very wet, as they had walked all the way ______the rain.
A) in B) below C) under D) with
16. What annoys me ______is that my reading comprehension is always wrong.
A) most B) mostly C) almost D) at most
17. For several months the patient has been ______treatment.
A) in B) under C) by D) for
18. Go away; you are always ______.
A) in a way B) in way C) in ways D) in the way
19. The other apartments I looked at were too expensive. So, I'm better off
______where I am.
A) stay B) staying C) to stay D) if staying
20. Jim was late for two classes this morning. He said that he forgot both of the ______.
A) rooms number B) room number C) room's number D) room numbers
21. He ______a very busy life.
A) runs B) follows C) carries D) leads
22. That poor fellow goes to bed ______every night.
A) hungry B) hungrily C) with hunger D) to be hungry
23. The bus ______at the school gate and two strange persons got off.
A) pulled down B) pulled up C) pulled on D) pulled in
24. ______it, he would have come yesterday.
A) Had he known B) If he knew
C) Would he have known D) If he has known
25. They showed me some photos and I had to try to _____ the man that I saw coming out of the post office.
A) place B) identify C) watch out D) see to
26. ______raining, we have to stay home for days.
A) It being B) Being C) Because its D) Because of it is
27. In my youth I was capable of spending days ______playing electric
train.
A) at length B) on end C) in full D) in time
28. Most of the people ______the reception were their old friends.
A) inviting to B) invited C) invited to D) inviting
29. He came yesterday and will come tomorrow. He comes ______day.
A) every B) other C) every other D) each
30. I'm going to give ______.
A) a present him B) to him a present C) him a present D) him to a present
二、阅读理解(每题10分，共5题)
Passage 1
Everyone has heard of the San Andreas fault (断层), which constantly threatens California and the West Coast with earthquakes. But how many people know about the equally serious New Madrid fault in Missouri?
Between December of 1811 and February of 1812, three major earthquakes occurred, all centered around the town of New Madrid, Missouri, on the Mississippi River. Property damage was severe. Buildings in the area were almost destroyed. Whole forests fell at once, and huge cracks opened in the ground, allowing smell of sulfur （硫磺）to filter upward.
The Mississippi River itself completely changed character, developing sudden rapids and whirlpools. Several times it changed its course, and once, according to some observers, it actually appeared to run backwards. Few people were killed in the New Madrid earthquakes, probably simply because few people lived in the area in 1811; but the severity of the earthquakes are shown by the fact that the shock waves rang bells in church towers in Charleston, South Carolina, on the coast. Buildings shook in New York City, and clocks were stopped in Washington, D.C.
Scientists now know that America’s two major faults are essentially different. The San Andreas is a horizontal boundary between two major land masses that are slowly moving in opposite directions. California earthquakes result when the movement of these two masses suddenly lurches (倾斜) forward.
The New Madrid fault, on the other hand, is a vertical fault; a some point, possibly hundreds of millions of years ago, rock was pushed up toward the surface, probably by volcanoes under the surface. Suddenly, the volcanoes cooled and the rock collapsed, leaving huge cracks. Even now, the rock continues to settle downwards, and sudden sinking motions trigger (触发) earthquakes in the region. The fault itself, a large crack in this layer of rock, with dozens of other cracks that split off from it, extends from northeast Arkansas through Missouri and into southern lllinois.
Scientists who have studied the New Madrid fault say there have been numerous smaller quakes in the area since 1811; these smaller quakes indicate that larger ones are probably coming, but the scientists say have no method of predicting when a large earthquake will occur.
31. This passage is mainly about .
A the New Madrid fault in Missouri B the San Andreas and the New Madrid faults
C the causes of faults D current scientific knowledge about faults
32. The New Madrid fault is .
A a horizontal fault B a vertical fault
C a more serious fault than the San Andreas fault
D responsible for forming the Mississippi River
33. We may conclude from the passage that .
A it is probably as dangerous to live in Missouri as in California
B the New Madrid fault will eventually develop a mountain range in Missouri
C California will become an island in future
D A big earthquake will occur to California soon
34. This passage implies that .
A horizontal faults are more dangerous than vertical faults.
B Vertical faults are more dangerous than horizontal faults
C Earthquakes occur only around fault areas
D California will break into pieces by an eventual earthquake
35. As used in the first sentence of the fourth paragraph, the word “essentially” means .
A greatly B extremely C basically D necessarily
Passage 2
The law is a great mass of rules, showing when and how far a man is possible to be punished, or to be made to hand over money or property to his neighbors, and so on. These rules are contained in books. A lawyer learns them mainly by reading books.
He begins by doing little else than read, and after he has prepared himself by. say. three years’study practice, still, all his life long and almost every day, he will be looking into books to read a little more than he already knows about some new questions which he has to answer.
The power to use books, then. is a special skill which the would - be lawyer ought to possess. He ought to have enough flexibility（灵活性）to make it easy for him to collect ideas from printed words. He ought to have some readiness in finding what a book contains, and something of an instinct （直觉）for where to look for what he wants.
But although this is the power of which he will first feel the need, it is not the most important. A lawyer does not study law to recite it; he studies it to use it and act upon the rules which he has learned in real life. His business is to try eases in court and to advise men what to do in order to keep out or get out of trouble.
36．The first thing a law student has to do is to______.
A. read books B. hand over money
C. practice law D. answer questions
37．After three years of reading______.
A. he can study law B. he can stop reading
C. he still has to continue reading D. he is able to give clever answers
38．The major business of a lawyer is______.
A. to discuss the material he has read B. to advise people who have law problems
C. to learn about real life D. to study the law
39．According to the passage, a good lawyer should know how to______.
A. understand and use what he reads B. be convenient in everything
C. collect ideas from different sources D. use power in the court
40．Which is the most important to a would - be lawyer?
A. To possess a lot of books.
B. to have enough flexibility when collecting ideas from printed words.
C. To be ready to find out what a book contains.
D. To be able to use his book knowledge in the right way in his future business.
Passage 3
A lot of recent papers point out how talking with your hands can unlock what Krauss calls "lexical (词汇的) memory". One study, for instance, finds that speakers gesture more when they try to define words that have a strong spatial (空间的) component -- like "under" or "neighboring'' -- than when defining words that are more abstract, like "thought" or "evil". And doctors notice that stroke patients whose brain damage worsens their ability to name objects gesture more, "as if they are trying everything they can to come up with a word," says Krauss. Even people who don't think they're gesturing may be. Krauss attached electrodes to people's arms to measure the movements of their muscles -- a little clench (握拳) that doesn't blossom into a full gesture. Then he asked them to come up with words that fit a definition he supplied. "You get more muscle movement when they say a word like 'castanets(响板，一种乐器) ' which has an implied meaning of movement, than when they say an abstract word like 'mercy'", he finds.
If gesturing is like using a key to the door of lexical memory, then someone who can' t use his hands should have more trouble unlocking the door. That is just what a new study in the American Journal of Psychology finds. In the experiment, volunteers held onto a bar to keep their hands still; when Donna Frick-Horbury of Appalachian State University in North Carolina read them definitions "an ancient instrument used for calculations in eastern countries", the subjects more often failed to think of the word "abacus" or took longer to do it, than when they could gesture freely. "Many subjects would actually make motions of using an abacus before coming up with the word," says psychologist Robert Guttentag of the University of North Carolina at Greensboro, who was observing the study.
41. Gestures can help speakers to recall __ in their memory.
A) words B) definitions C) meanings D) ideas
42. When do speakers use gestures more often?
A) When they are excited.
B) When they talk about something emotional.
C) When they say some spatial words.
D) When they say some abstract words.
43. Kranss attached electrodes to people's arms in order to __
A) observe the moments of their muscles
B) measure the damage degree of the brain
C) supply the meaning to a gesture
D) define the meaning of a word
44.What is the meaning of the word "blossom" in Para. i?
A) Bloom. B) Flower. C) Operate. D) Develop.
45. According to the passage, who can get more words from the "lexieal memory"?
A) People who eau memorize words very fast.
B) People who gesture more often.
C) People who hold onto a bar.
D) People who seldom gesture.
Passage 4
Taste is such a subjective matter that we don 't usually conduct preference tests for food. The most you can say about anyone 's preference, is that it's one person's opinion. But because the two big cola (可乐饮料)companies----Coca-Cola and Pepsi Cola are marketed aggressively, we've wondered how big a role taste preference actually plays in brand loyalty. We set up a taste test that challenged people who identified themselves as either C0ca-Cola or Pepsi fans: Find your brand in a blind tasting. We invited staff volunteers who had a strong liking for either Coca-Cola Classic (传统型)or Pepsi, Diet (低糖的)Coke, or Diet Pepsi-These were people who thought they'd have no trouble telling their brand from the other brand. We eventually located 19 regular cola drinkers and 27 diet cola drinkers.
We eventually located 19regular cola drinkers and 27diet cola drinkers. Then we fed them four unidentified samples of cola one at a time, regular colas for the one group, diet versions for the other. We asked them to tell us whether each sample was Coke or Pepsi; then we analyzed the records statistically to compare the participants 'choices with what mere gum-work would have accomplished. Getting all four samples right was a tough test, but not too tough, we thought , for people who believed they could recognize their brand. In the end, only 7out of 19regular cola drinkers correctly identified their brand of choice in all four trials. The diet-cola drinkers did a little worse -only 7of27identified all four samples correctly . While both groups did better than chance would predict ,nearly half the participants in each group made the wrong choice two or more times. Two people got all four samples wrong. Overall ,half the participants did about as well on the last round of tasting as on the first ,so fatigue, or taste burn out, was not a factor. Our preference test results suggest that only a few Pepsi participants and Coke fans may really be able to tell their favorite brand by taste and price.