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Grade 9 Science Final Exam Review Name______
Please note that any review material that you receive is meant to be a help for your studying. It is still your responsibility to go through your notes to gain a thorough understanding of all course materials.
GENERAL STUDY TIPS:
ü Before you start to study, make sure your notebook is complete and your notes are in order. (I will provide a list of important notes on my website.)
SAFETY UNITBEGIN by reviewing all of the quizzes – make corrections of your mistakes.
Review all worksheets and notes and be familiar with all terms we have used.
1) Identify what the following safety symbols tell you about what is INSIDE the container:
2) Identify what the following shapes tell you about the container itself:
3) List the 6 steps of the scientific method.
i)
ii)
iii)
iv)
v)
vi)
4) Distinguish between qualititive and quantitative observations, and give an example of each.
5) Distinguish between dependent and independent variables.
In the ‘helicopter experiment’, which was the independent variable and which was the dependent variable?
6) What is a ‘control’ in an experiment?
In the helicopter experiment, what were the controls that we placed in the study?
7) Give three (3) lab safety rules. Why must lab safety rules be strictly followed?
8) Identify three (3) safety devices found in the science lab.
9) Identify the following pieces of lab equipment:
10) Place the following steps in the correct order of the scientific method. In the space on the left, fill in the KEY WORD to indicate each step. In the space on the right, fill in the letter of the statement which corresponds to the key word. The first key word is provided.
a. Bubbles from the pop collected on the raisins, then the raisins bobbed to the surface. The gas bubbles popped and the raisins sank.
b. I wondered why a raisin dropped into a glass of soda pop bobbed up and down.
c. The gas bubbles must have pushed the raisins to the surface.
d. However, a raisin dropped into a glass of water stayed on the bottom.
e. I collected 2 beakers, water, soda pop, and 8 raisins. I dropped 4 raisins into the pop beaker and 4 raisins into the water beaker.
f. I guessed that the gas bubbles in the pop pushed up the raisin.
KEY WORD: LETTER:
PROBLEM ______
______
______
______
______
______
ECOLOGY UNIT REVIEWBEGIN by reviewing all of the quizzes – make corrections of your mistakes.
Review all worksheets and notes and be familiar with all terms we have used.
1. Categorize each of the words below. Include brief explanations and examples, as well as why you have grouped together certain words!
abiotic factors aquatic ecosystem atmosphere bioaccumulation bioamplification biodiversity biome biosphere
biotic factors carnivore carrying capapcity community
consumer decomposer diversity ecology
ecosystem equilibrium extinction forestry / deforestation
food chain food web habitat herbivore hydrosphere invasive species lithosphere niche
nutrient cycles omnivore pesticides photosynthesis population predator prey producer
pyramids respiration species sustainability
trophic level
2. a) Why are frogs good bio-indicators?
b) How can humans help to ensure that frogs survive?
3. How do invasive species get into ecosystems? How do they damage the ecosystem? How can we stop invasive species from entering ecosystems?
3. a) On a diagram, trace (& explain) the path of a molecule of water from raindrop back into the atmosphere including cycling
through a human body.
b) On a diagram, trace (& explain) the path of nitrogen from the atmosphere through bacteria and back into the atmosphere,
including cycling through a human body
c) On a diagram, trace (& explain) the path of carbon from the atmosphere through plants and back into the atmosphere,
including cycling through a human body.
4. Be able to answer questions on the Carbon Cycle.
a) List the 4 main carbon reservoirs in the biosphere.
b) Where does carbon dioxide in the atmosphere come from?
c) Why is carbon important?
d) Be able to label a diagram of the carbon cycle.
5. a) What is the source of all energy in ecosystems?
b) How much energy from the Sun is used for photosynthesis by green plants? Define photosynthesis.
c) Write the word equation for photosynthesis.
6. a) Define cellular respiration.
b) Write the word equation for cellular respiration. How does this compare to photosynthesis?
c) What types of organisms undergo cellular respiration?
9. a) What are trophic / energy levels? What happens to all the energy in animals at each level? How much energy is
passed on to the next organism? What happens to the energy that isn’t transferred?
b) What are food chains and food webs? How are they similar? How are they the same?
c) Be able to identify organisms in food chains and/or food webs based on their trophic levels. List the types of organisms that can be found at each trophic level.
d) Be able to identify organisms (ex. herbivore, carnivore, omnivore, detritivore, decomposer).
e) Be able to construct food webs if given a scenario. Be able to describe how food web change
12. a) Explain the three types of biodiversity. Why is biodiversity so important?
b) Describe 5 main causes of decreased biodiversity.
13. Explain three abiotic and three biotic limiting factors. How do they affect the carrying capacity of a population?
14. A good predator-prey relationship keeps the two populations “in balance”. What does this mean?
15. Why are benthic macroinvertebrates good bio-indicators?
CHEMISTRY UNITBEGIN by reviewing all of the quizzes – make corrections of your mistakes.
Review all worksheets and notes and be familiar with all terms we have used.
1) Detail the shape and the volume of each of the 3 states of matter.
STATE:SHAPE:
VOLUME:
2) Fill in the Classification of Matter chart. Provide definitions and examples for each.
3) Indicate whether each of the following is a pure substance (P) or a mixture (M).
_____ element or compound _____ solution _____ salt
_____ two or more visible phases _____ mixture _____ lemonade
_____ cannot be separated by physical means
4) Give three terms which are used to describe the clarity of a substance (how well you can see through it).
5) Match the correct letter with each physical property.
Answer / Physical property / StatementTexture / a) Diamonds at the top of scale
Ductility / b) Can be hammered thin
Luster / c) Temperature when solid turn liquid
Odour / d) Temperature when liquid becomes gas
State / e) How easy a liquid flows
Hardness / f) Can it dissolve
Melting point / g) Solid or liquid ….
Clarity / h) It is smooth or gritty
Malleability / i) It is sharp or burnt or spicy
Viscosity / j) Cloudy or opaque
k) Shiny or dull
l) Can be made into wires
6) List 5 indications that a chemical change has occurred.
7) Indicate whether the following changes are chemical ( C) or physical (P):
a) ____ a new substance formed
b) ____ a change in state: e.g. melting, freezing, vaporization
c) ____ change is reversible
d) ____ change in shape or form
e) ____ change is not reversible by physical means
f) ____ ice cream melting
g) ____ methane gas produced from decomposition
h) ____ fireworks
i) ____ baking a cake
j) ____ cutting the lawn
k) ____ inflating a balloon
l) ____ incandescent light bulb
8) Match each of the following scientists with his discovery.
THOMSON DALTON DEMOCRITUS BOHR RUTHERFORD ARISTOTLE
______discovered the nucleus through his Gold Foil Experiment
______believed that matter was made of 4 elements - earth, air, fire, and water
______developed the blueberry muffin model of the atom gave us the term atom
______said that all atoms of an element are identical
______determined that electrons exist in different energy levels or orbits using flame tests
9) What is the particle theory?
10) Distinguish between an atom, a molecule and a compound.
11) Draw a structural diagram for the following:
H2O
CCl2H2
HCN
12) Define each of the following:
PeriodFamily
Non-Metal
Metalloid
Metal
Alkali Metal
Alkali Earth Metal
Halogen
Noble Gas
Proton
Electron
Neutron
Atomic number
Atomic mass
13) Complete the following table for each type of atom:
Magnesium / Potassium / Iron / FluorineAtomic Number / 26
Atomic Mass / 39 / 56
# protons / 12 / 19
# electrons / 9
# neutrons / 12 / 19
Standard Atomic Notation
14) Draw Bohr-Rutherford diagrams for:
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a) Chlorine
b) Lithium
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15) What is an ion?
16) Draw a lithium ion. (Refer to question 14b) for information needed!) What is the charge on this ion? Why?
17) Complete the following table for each element:
Element / Symbol / Group # / Chemical Group (i.e. Alkali Metal, Metalloid, Halogen, or Noble Gas) / # of e- in outer (valence) shell / Ion / Period # / # Orbitals in Bohr-Rutherford DiagramCalcium
Li
Fluorine
Ar
Sodium
Si
Helium
18) Determine the number and type of each atom.
Formula / Name of Substance / Number of Each Type of Atom / Total # of AtomsNaHCO3 / Sodium bicarbonate
C9H8O4 / Acetylsalicylic acid
Ca3(PO4)2 / Calcium phosphate
(NH4)3 PO4 / Ammonium phosphate
19) Determine the chemical formula and name of compound for each of the following ions:
Ions / Chemical Formula / Name of CompoundK+ + F-
Li+ + S2-
Ca2+ + Cl-
Be2+ + O2-
Al3+ + O2-
20) Given the following chemical reaction:
magnesium + hydrochloric acid à magnesium chloride + hydrogen gas
a) the reactants is/are :
b) the products is/are:
c) What indicates that a chemical reaction has occurred?
ASTRONOMY UNITReview all worksheets to be familiar with all terms…
1. a) Describe the Big Bang.
b) Explain two (2) types of evidence that the universe is still expanding.
2. What is the Solar Nebula Hypothesis?
3. List the planets in order. State any special structural features or characteristics of each.
PLANET / CHARACTERISTICS1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
4. Which are terrestrial planets? Which are gas giants? Define each type of planet.
5. Name and describe the main layers/features of the sun.
6. On a separate piece of paper, draw a mind map (a concept map with pictures, labels, and short descriptions) to illustrate the life cycle of stars.
7. Compare planets and stars. List features and describe the differences between planets and stars.
8. Describe the following astronomical phenomenon:
· the moon’s orbit - How does this affect tides?
· Aurora borealis – What is the cause of this beautiful array of light?
· Seasons and day/night – Explain these using the terms rotation and revolution.
9. All man-made satellites must have a geosynchronous orbit. What does this mean?
10. Give two reasons why it is important for countries to invest in space research.
ELECTRICITY UNITBEGIN by reviewing all of the quizzes – make corrections of your mistakes.
Review all worksheets (including reading a hydrometer) and notes and be familiar with all terms we have used.
1. What is the difference between static electricity and current electricity?
2. What does it mean to ‘ground’ an object?
3. a) How does lightning occur?
How are tall buildings protected from lightning? How does this work?
4. When you rub two different substances together, one gets a ______charge and one gets a ______charge. This is called “Charging by ______“. When two different substances rub together, there is a transfer of ______from one substance to the other. The object that GAINS electrons gets a ____ charge, and the object that LOSES electrons gets a ______charge.
5. Use the electrostatic series in your notes to determine the resulting charge for each pair of substances:
Pair of substances rubbed together / Substance which gets a negative charge / Substance which gets a positive chargePlastic pen and fur
Glass rod and silk
Acetate and fur
Rubber balloon and fur
6. What is the difference between a conductor and an insulator? Give an example of each.
7. To charge an electroscope with a NEGATIVE charge, you must touch it with a ______charged object. To charge an electroscope with a POSITIVE charge, you must touch it with a ______charged object. When you touch a doorknob after walking on a wool carpet with cotton socks, you will give the doorknob a ______charge. This is called “Charging by ______“.
8. The “Law of Electric Charges” says: Like charges ______each other. Unlike charges ______each other. A charged object will ______a neutral object.
9. A neutral object has the same number of______and ______. A positively charged object has _____electrons than protons. A negatively charged object has ______electrons than protons.
10. An electroscope has been NEGATIVELY charged and the leaves are open.
(a) Why do the leaves stay open?
(b) What would happen if you touched the electroscope? Why?
(c) What will happen to the leaves if you bring a POSITIVELY charged rod NEAR the electroscope? Why?
(d) What will happen to the leaves if you bring a NEGATIVELY charged rod NEAR the electroscope? Why?
DRAW DIAGRAMS SHOWING LOCATION AND/OR MOVEMENT OF CHARGES FOR a,b,c, and d
11. What are the 4 parts of an electric circuit?