Section: Sorting It All Out

  1. What is classification?

WHY CLASSIFY?

  1. Putting plants and animals into orderly groups based on similar characteristics is called
  2. arrangement.c.identification.
  3. classification.d.biology.
  4. Classifying living things helps human beings

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  1. improve the world.
  2. make sense of the world.
  3. destroy the world.
  4. make sense of the useful plants only.

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HOW DO SCIENTISTS CLASSIFY ORGANISMS?

  1. Taxonomy is the science of

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  1. naming plants and animals.
  2. describing, classifying, and naming organisms.
  3. naming and describing living things.
  4. describing organisms.

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  1. Today, a system of classification similar to the system developed by Carolus Linnaeus
  2. includes only plants.c.is still used.
  3. is no longer used.d.does not include plants.
  4. More closely related living things are to each other, the more
  5. characteristics they share.c.space they share.
  6. food they share.d.water they will share.
  7. Organisms are thought to be closely related when they have

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  1. almost no characteristics in common.
  2. no characteristics in common.
  3. few characteristics in common.
  4. many characteristics in common.

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  1. Bears, lions, and house cats give birth to live young, and lions and house cats have retractable claws. Which of the three types of animals are most closely related?

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  1. lions and house cats
  2. lions and bears
  3. house cats and bears
  4. None of the animals are related.

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  1. Before the 1600s, scientists divided organisms into what two groups?
  1. What Swedish scientist created the first organized, modern taxonomy?
  1. How many levels of classification do scientists use today?
  1. Why are the platypus, brown bear, lion, and house cat thought to be related to each other?
  1. What characteristics do the bear, lion, and house cat have that the platypus does not have?

LEVELS OF CLASSIFICATION

  1. All organisms are classified into
  2. one of three domains.c.plants or animals.
  3. one of eight phyla.d.living or nonliving things.
  4. Each domain of organisms is divided into several
  5. genera.c.orders.
  6. classes.d.kingdoms.
  7. The smallest, most specific classification level is
  8. phylum.c.class.
  9. species.d.order.
  10. The plural form of the word phylum is ______.
  11. What is a group of organisms that are closely related and can mate to produce fertile offspring called?
  1. In order from largest to smallest, what are the eight levels of classification?

SCIENTIFIC NAMES

  1. No matter how many common names an organism might have, it only has one
  1. How was the naming of organisms different before Carolus Linnaeus, and how was the system difficult for scientists?
  1. Who simplified the naming of living things by giving each species a two-part scientific name?
  1. In the scientific name for the Asian elephant, Elephasmaximus, the word Elephas indicates the animal’s ______.
  2. All genus names begin with a(n) ______.
  3. All specific names begin with a(n) ______.
  4. Scientific names are usually in one of these two languages,
  1. In the scientific name Tyrannosaurus rex, what is the species name?
  1. What abbreviation do scientists sometimes use when referring to Tyrannosaurus rex?
  1. What is the scientific name for the common house cat?

Dichotomous keys

  1. Scientists use dichotomous keys to
  2. name organisms.c.identify organisms.
  3. count organisms.d.catch organisms.
  4. What kind of identification aid are scientists using when they work through a series of paired, descriptive statements?

A GROWING SYSTEM

  1. Of all the organisms on the Earth,

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  1. all have been discovered.
  2. all have been classified.
  3. not all have been discovered or classified.
  4. all have been given scientific names.

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  1. What do scientists do when a newly discovered organism does not fit any existing category?

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  1. leave the organism alone
  2. try to change the organism
  3. destroy the organism
  4. create a new category

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  1. What newly discovered organism, first found in 1995 on lobster lips, did not fit in any existing phyla?
  2. Symbionpandorac.Elephasmaximus
  3. Felisdomesticusd.Tyrannosaurus rex

Section: Domain and Kingdoms

  1. Before the discovery of organisms like Euglena, how were all organisms classified?

WHAT IS IT?

  1. Scientists classify organisms based on their what?
  2. shapec.size
  3. smelld.characteristics
  4. Which characteristic is not true for euglenoids including the genus Euglena?
  1. single celledc.live in pond water
  2. live in salt waterd.make their own food
  1. A green color and the ability to make food through photosynthesis might make some people think that members of the genus Euglena are
  1. trees.c.plants.
  2. algae.d.mosses.
  1. Which is a characteristic that animals and members of the genus Euglena possess but plants do not?
  2. ability to move by themselvesc.ability to take in water
  3. ability to make foodd.ability to use energy
  4. What kingdom did scientists add to create a classification for organisms that had characteristics of both plants and animals?
  1. Today, there are ______domains in the classification system.

THE DOMAIN ARCHAEA

  1. Single-celled organisms that do not have a nucleus are called ______.
  2. How are archaea distinguished from other prokaryotes?

Identify the correct bacteria kingdom for the organisms described below by writing Archaea or Bacteria in the space provided.

______10.Some of these live inside humans.

______11.One of these causes pneumonia.

______12.These live in places where most other organisms could not live.

______13.Its name comes from a word that means “ancient.”

______14.One type turns milk into yogurt.

THE DOMAIN BACTERIA

  1. Prokaryotes that usually have a cell wall and that usually reproduce by cell division belong to the domain ______.

THE DOMAIN EUKARYA

  1. All organisms whose cells have a nucleus and membrane-bound organelles are called ______.
  2. All eukaryotes belong to the domain ______.
  3. Members of the kingdom Protista are called ______.
  4. Protists that have animal-like characteristics are called ______.
  5. Protists that have plantlike characteristics are called ______.
  6. Unlike plants, fungi do not use ______.
  7. Unlike animals, ______do not eat food.
  8. How do fungi absorb nutrients from their surroundings?
  1. Give two examples of fungi.
  1. What do all members of the kingdom Plantae have in common?
  1. In order for plants to make their own food through photosynthesis, they must be exposed to ______.
  2. Where are plants found?
  1. Explain why the food that plants make is important not only to the plants themselves but to other organisms as well.
  1. What are two ways plants are used by other organisms?
  1. What characteristics do most members of kingdom Animalia share?
  1. Members of kingdom Animalia have specialized sense organs that allow them to respond to their ______
  2. Members of kingdom Animalia are commonly called ______.
  3. Explain why animals need plants.
  1. Explain how animals depend on bacteria and fungi.

STRANGE ORGANISMS

  1. The kingdom Animalia includes some very simple animals, such as ______, that do not have sense organs and cannot move.

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