BOTANY - Session 3
- Basic Plant Anatomy and Morphology
- Anatomy ______
- Morphology ______
- ______
- Non woody growth - ______
- Results from the ______
- Meristem - small group of actively dividing and undifferentiated cells
- Plant Organs
- Leaves
- Main Functions
- ______
- ______
- ______
- ______
- Morphology
- Anatomy
1.______- waxy substance that covers the epidermis, prevents evaporation
- ______- undifferentiated cells, can have chloroplasts, can function in storage
- ______- Opening for gas exchange
- ______- controls the opening of stoma
- ______- has xylem and phloem
- Xylem - transports water and minerals
- Phloem - transports nutrients
- Stems (shoots)
- Stem Main Functions
- ______
- ______
- ______
- ______
- Morphology
- ______is a region of actively dividing cells
- ______- yields new stems or flowers
- Anatomy
- ______transports water and minerals
- ______transports photosynthate, amino acids and other nutrients
- Roots
- Root Functions:
- ______
- ______
- ______
- ______
- Morphology
- Root hairs - found on tips of young roots - site of mineral and water absorption
- Root Apical meristem - actively dividing cells that function in elongating root
- Root Cap - protects tip of roots (especially meristem)
- Anatomy
- Endodermis - Single cell thick layer on innermost region of cortex
- Helps regulate the flow of water and dissolves substances
- ______
- ______
- As opposed to primary growth which is an increase in length
- ______gives rise to primary growth
- ______gives rise to secondary growth
- Also called ______
- Situated in a single cell thick ring
- Gives rise to secondary xylem and secondary phloem
- When a cell in the vascular cambium divides we get two daughter cells
- One cell will remain a meristomatic cell and one will differentiate
- The cell that differentiates can become phloem or xylem
- ______has a tough secondary wall so it maintains a linear pattern
- ______cells become crushed in secondary expansion
- Youngest cells are nearest to the vascular cambium
- Rays (parenchyma cells) mixed with phloem and xylem provide support
- ______
- Differential size in xylem due to ______
- In the spring there is ______water so the xylem cells are ______
- In the summer, fall and winter xylem cell size decreases and then increases when spring returns
- The transition between small and large xylem cells produces the appearance of a ring
- Largely a temporal phenomenon
- ______
- In trees:
- Xylem = ______
- All outside tissue = ______
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