Readings
for
Psy/Orf 322
Human - Machine Interaction
Spring 2005
Professors: J. Cooper, G.H. Harman, R.G. Jahn,
P.N. Johnson-Laird, and A.L. Kornhauser
Week #1
Monday, 2/2
Overview and Course Organization
Professor A. L. Kornhauser,
J. Cooper, G.H. Harman,
R.G. Jahn, and P.N. Johnson-Laird
Syllabus
Week #1
Segment 1: Engineering Description of the Mind – Professor A.L. Kornhauser
Wednesday, 2/2
Enngineering Models of Human Behavior and Human Information Processing
A.L. Kornhauser
Readings: Card, Moran & Newell, The Psychology of Human-Computer Interactions, 1983, Ch. 1, 2.
Segment 2: The Mind as a Machine –
Professor G. H. Harman
Week #2
Monday, 2/7
The Mind-Body Problem: Dualism - G. Harman
Readings: Rene Descartes, Meditations on First Philosophy (II and
VI) and excerpt from Passions of the Soul.
Week #2
Wednesday, 2/9
Mind as a Certain Functional Organization of Matter
Professor G. Harman
Readings: David M. Rosenthal, “Explaining Consciousness”
Segment 3: Human and Machine Thinking Professor P. N. Johnson-Laird
Week #3
Monday, 2/14
Deductions by Machines - P. N. Johnson-Laird
Readings: Sections 6.2 to 6.4 of Ch 6. Agents that Reason Logically, in
S. J. Russell and P. Norvig, Artificial Intelligence: A Modern Approach.
Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall, 1995, pp. 153-174.
Week #3
Wednesday, 2/16
Deductions by Humans - P. Johnson-Laird
Readings: Johnson-Laird, P.N. (2003) “Mental Models and Reasoning”. In Leighton, J.P., and Sternberg, R.J. (Eds.) The Nature of Reasoning. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. Pp. 169-204
Week #4
Monday, 2/21
Probabilistic Thinking by Humans and Machines
P. Johnson-Laird
Readings Sections 14.2 to 14.6 of Ch 14. “Uncertainty” in S. J. Russell and P. Norvig, Artificial Intelligence: A Modern Approach. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall, 1995, pp. 420-433.
Week #4
Wednesday, 2/23
Creativity in Humans and Machines
P. Johnson-Laird
Readings: Ch.'s 13-15, and Appendices 1 and 2 of P. McCorduck, Aaron's Code: Meta-Art, Artificial Intelligence, and the work of Harold Cohen. New York: Freeman,1991. Pp. 85-110; 199-208
Segment 4: Machine Learning - Professor G.H. Harman
Week #5
Monday, 2/28
Basic Principles of Machine Learning
G. H. Harman
Readings: Vladimir Vapnik, "Introduction: The Problem of Induction and Statistical Inference," from Vapnik, Statistical Learning theory (1998), pp. 1-15.
Week #5
Wednesday, 3/2
Methods of Learning – G. H. Harman
Readings: Vladimir Vapnik, "Conclusion: What Is Important in
Learning Theory," Chapter 9 of Vapnik, The Nature of Statistical Learning Theory (Springer, 2000), pp, 291-299.
Week #6
Monday, 3/7
Integration of the First Half of the Course – A.L. Kornhauser, G. H. Harman, P. Johnson-Laird
Readings: review readings and lectures
Week #6
Wednesday, 3/9
In-class Mid-Term Exam
(Covers everything through Monday 3/7, Segments 1-4)
Segment 4: Individual Differences in Human Machine Interactions
Professor J. Cooper
Week #7
Monday, 3/21
Computers in the Social Environment - J. Cooper
Readings: Lepper & Malone, "Making Learning Fun: A Taxonomy of Intrinsic Motivation for learning," in Aptitude Learning and Instruction, edited by Snow and Farr, 1987, Vol. III, Ch. 10, p 223-253
Chapters 1 & 2, Cooper, J. and K. Weaver, Gender and Computers: Understanding the Digital Divide. Lawrence Erlbaum Associates (2003)
Week #7
Wednesday, 3/23
Motivational Issues in Computer Education for Children
J. Cooper
Readings: Chapters 3 & 4, Cooper, J. and K. Weaver, Gender and Computers: Understanding the Digital Divide. Lawrence Erlbaum Associates (2003)
Week #8
Monday, 3/28
Gender and the Computer - J. Cooper
Readings: Chapter 5, Cooper, J. and K. Weaver, Gender and Computers: Understanding the Digital Divide. Lawrence Erlbaum Associates (2003)
Week #8
Wednesday, 3/30
Personality Differences in Computing - J. Cooper
Readings: Chapters 6 & 7, Cooper, J. and K. Weaver, Gender and Computers: Understanding the Digital Divide. Lawrence Erlbaum Associates (2003)
Week #9
Segment 6: Seeing and Learning with Machines and Artificial Neural Networks
Professors A.L. Kornahsuer
Monday, 4/4
Views of Viewing: The Anatomy of Vision - A. Kornhauser
Readings:
Lettvin, J.Y., et al “what the Frog’s Eye Tells the Frog’s Brain”, Proc. Of the IRE,Nov. 1959 pp 1940-1951
from J.H. Schwartz, Principles of Neural Science,
Ch 27, The Retina and Phototransduction,
Ch 28, Anatomy of the Central Visual Pathways,
Week #9
Wednesday, 4/6
Models of Visual Cognition- A. Kornhauser
Readings from D. L. Osherson, Visual Cognition and Action, Vol 2,
Ch 1, Computational Theories of Low-Level Vision,
Ch 2, High-Level Vision,
Ch 3 Mental Imagery;
Week #10
Monday, 4/11
Learning with Machines and Artificial Neural Networks A. Kornhauser
Readings: Simpson, Artificial Neural Systems, Ch. 2-4, Kornhauser, “Neural Network Approaches for Lateral control of Autonomous Highway Vehicles”. Proc. Of VNIS Conf. Dearborne Mich. Oct. 1991, p 1143-1151
Week #10
Wednesday, 4/13
Helping Humans Make Better Decisions
A. Kornhauser
Readings: To be selected by you as a before-class homework assignment:
Operations Research and formal Decision Sciences grew out of military and industrial needs to create a discipline focused on making better decisions about the challenges of troop deployments, re-supply strategies, production processes and organizational priorities, to name a few. The discipline has created computer-based tools that yield decisions about what to do, when! Some have suggested that individuals in daily life face similar, while not as daunting, decisions and could use similar tools. For example, the task of going to a particular place requires decisions by the individual of: where to go, when to leave, how to go, what route to take, turning left at the next intersection, etc. Not surprisingly, consumer-oriented adaptations of military and industrial systems that aid personal decision making in route choice and personal finance are beginning to appear on the market. Is there a real need here, or are these simply solutions looking for a problem? Is this over-kill? Are there other every-day decisions for which individuals could use some help? What’s been written on the subject of tools for personal decision making? Your assignment is to find one reading/article (of moderate length, 10 pages or so) on an appropriate aspect of “personal decision making”. This could be a clear and concise statement of the problem, formulation of tools for personal decision making and/or good examples. Please e-mail the citation and come to class prepared to present and discuss your reading. (This is the ultimate Professorial punt.)
Segment 7: Consciousness and Human - Machine Interactions
Professor R.G. Jahn
Week #11
Monday, 4/18
Consciousness and Human - Machine Interactions – R. G. Jahn
Readings: Jahn and Dunne, Margins of Reality, Section II;
Two Decades of PEAR: An Anthology of Selected Publications,
Articles #14 (“Correlations of Random Binary Sequences with Pre-Stated Operator Intention”),
#6 (“Experiments in Remote Human/Machine Interactions”),
#8 (“Count Population Profiles in Engineering Anomalies Experiments”),
#10 (“Series Position Effects in Random Event Generator Experiments”), and
#11 (“Gender Differences in Human/Machine Anomalies”).
Week #11
Wednesday, 4/20
Princeton Engineering Anomalies Research (continued) – R. G. Jahn
Readings: Margins of Reality, Section III;
Two Decades of PEAR: An Anthology of Selected Publications,
Article #7 (“FieldREG II: Consciousness Field Effects, Replications and Explorations”);
Remote Perception Research at PEAR (handout).
Week #12
Monday, 4/25
Research on Human/Machine Interactions
R. G. Jahn
Readings: Margins of Reality, Sections I, IV, V;
Two Decades of PEAR: An Anthology of Selected Publications,
Articles #12 (“Anomalies: Analysis and Aesthetics”) and #15 (“Science of the Subjective”).
Secondary References: Heisenberg, Physics and Philosophy, Harper/Collins, 1962
Hoffman, The Strange Story of the Quantum, P. Smith 1963;
S.C. Florman, The Existential Pleasures of Engineering, St. Martin, 1976; W. James, The Will to Believe and other Essays in Popular Philosophy, Dover, 1956;
Jahn and Dunne, Collected Thoughts on Role of Consciousness in the Physical Representation of Reality, PEAR, 1984.
Week #12
Wednesday, 4/27
Quantum Mechanics of Consciousness; A Modular Model of Mind/Matter Interactions
R. G. Jahn
Readings: Margins of Reality, Section IV;
Two Decades of PEAR: An Anthology of Selected Publications,
Article #2 (“On the Quantum Mechanics of Consciousness, with Application to Anomalous Phenomena”);
“A Modular Model of Mind/Matter Interactions” (handout).
01/27/05 Psy/Orf 322 Human Machine Interaction – Spring 2005