Lesson Plan – Group 1
Teacher(s): Michael Achee, Ashley Reid, Heather Watson
Time Frame: 45 minutes
SC Science Academic Standard Indicator:
Standard 7-2: The student will demonstrate an understanding of the structure and function of cells, cellular reproduction, and heredity. (Life Science)
Indicator 7-2.1: Summarize the structures and functions of the major components of plant and animal cells (including the cell wall, the cell membrane, the nucleus, chloroplasts, mitochondria, and vacuoles).
Objectives:
· Students will understand the cell theory and that a cell is the smallest unit of life for living organisms.
· Students will be able to identify and define major organelles of plant and animal cells and their functions.
· Students will know each cell has major structures (organelles) within it that perform these life functions.
· Students will know cells in organisms vary in size and shape, but contain most of the same major parts.
Materials needed:
· Powerpoint – includes instructions for activity
· Demonstration to introduce & engage students – human, hamster, plant, bugs
· Activity - 2 large bowls, Saran wrap, premade Jello, string, small bouncyballs, large bouncy balls, googlyeyes, Play dough, large clear glass beads, small green glass beads, plastic, diamond gems, multi-colorederasers, bottle tops
· Diffusion demonstration – perfume
· Osmosis demonstration – cup, water, salt, food coloring, plate, parchment paper, rubber band
· Assessment print outs– quiz for students
Introduction:
Show students living organisms – plant, human, hamster, and bugs – ask students what these organisms have in common. This will be our introduction to the cell theory.
Procedures:
1. Begin powerpoint & introduction
· Conduct “engaging” demonstration to peak student interest and inquiry
o Show students living organisms – plant, human, hamster, and bugs – ask students what these organisms have in common. This will be our introduction to the next topic, the cell theory.
2. Ashley will talk about cell theory, cell wall, cell membrane
· Main points to be discussed
o Cell Theory
§ The cell is the basic unit of life
§ The cell is the basic unit of structure and function
§ All cells arise from preexisting cells
o Cell Wall
§ Protects and give structure to the cell
§ Made up of cellulose
§ Found only in plant cells
o Cell Membrane
§ Controls movement in and out of the cell
§ Serves as a boundary between the cell and its environment
§ Found in both plant and animal cells
3. Michael will talk about diffusion and complete a demonstration.
· Main points to be discussed
o Diffusion describes the movement of substances from areas of high concentration to areas of low concentration.
o Diffusion can refer to both liquids and gasses.
o Diffusion describes how materials pass through the cellular membrane in to and out of the cell.
· Activity - spray perfume at front of room and have the students raise their hands when they can smell it. This activity will demonstrate how the perfume diffuses throughout the room from a high concentration (front of the class) to a low concentration (back of class) until equilibrium is achieved.
4. Heather will talk about osmosis and complete a demonstration
· Main points to be discussed
o Osmosis is similar to diffusion
o Involves movement of water across a permeable membrane from an area of high concentration to low concentration
o Important process to all living organisms, need it to survive since osmosis allows water to travel through the bodies of humans, animals and plants
o Occurs in plant and animal cells
· Activity – put a teaspoon of salt into a glass of water and cover it tightly with parchment paper and a rubber band. Place the cup upside down onto a plate of water that has food coloring in it. Eventually the water in the glass will be the same color as the water with food coloring in it. This activity will demonstrate how water molecules move through permeable membranes. The parchment paper must have tiny holes in it that cannot be seen by the naked eye which acts as a membrane. All cells have this membrane which allows water to move in and out of the cells.
5. Heather will talk about chloroplasts and cytoplasm
§ Main points to be discussed
o Chloroplasts
§ Contain chlorophyll which is the green pigment used to make food
§ Photosynthesis takes place in them
§ Found only in plant cells
o Cytoplasm
§ Jelly-like fluid that fills cells
§ Cell organelles are embedded in it
§ Different molecules are dissolved in the cytoplasm
§ Found in plant and animal cells
6. Michael will talk about vacuoles, nucleus, mitochondria.
· Main points to be discussed
o Vacuoles
§ Primarily used forstorage
§ Can store water, waste products, and other substances
§ Plant cells have large central vacuoles, animal cells have smaller vacuoles
§ Smaller vacuoles known asvesicles
§ Found in plant and animal cells
o Nucleus
§ Control center of cell
§ Stores DNA
§ Directs cell activity
§ Found in plant and animal cells
o Mitochondria
§ Site where cellular respiration takes place
§ Site where energy (ATP) is made
§ Cells can have one mitochondria, or many mitochondria
§ Found in plant and animal cells
7. Review differences/similarities between plant and animals cells prior to activity/ask students if they know the differences. We will call on students to name the differences/similarities between the two.
· Only plant cells have a cell wall and chloroplasts
· Both plant & animal cells have mitochondria, a nucleus, vacuoles, cytoplasm, cell membrane
· Osmosis & diffusion occur in both plant and animal cells
8. Introduce cell activity
· Class will split into two groups and construct a plant or animal cells with a bowl (cell membrane) of jello (cytoplasm) and array of objects we provide them.
· Instructions for activity
o Split into two groups
o One group will construct an animal cell & the other will construct a plant cell
o Animal cell group needs the bowl of orange jello
o Plant cell group needs the bowl of green jello
o Use any of the objects provided to represent organelles in your group’s cell
o Be prepared to present your group’s cell & why you chose those objects
o KEEP IN MIND – animal & plant cells have some similarities & differences!
9. Assessment
· Students will be given a 10 question multiple choice quiz in order for us as teacher’s to see if they retained and understood the information we conveyed to them.
· If students do not do well on the quiz, we will need to seek research, consult with colleagues or seek avenues of professional development in order to improve our lesson and we will need to reteach.
Closure:
· Same assessment as above – 10 question multiple choice quiz
· Tell students “Tomorrow we will be talking about genetics! Do you have hair between your knuckles on your fingers? If you do or don’t, that has to do with the type of genes you inherited!”