Chapter 7 Lesson 2: “The Roaring Twenties” Study Guide

South Carolina Standards: 5-3.2 and 5-4.1

Vocabulary

1.  Prohibition - a complete ban on the sale of alcohol

2.  18th Amendment - amendment to the Constitution passed in 1919 that outlawed the making, selling, transporting of
alcoholic beverages. It is also called the Prohibition
Amendment

3.  21st Amendment- Amendment to the US Constitution adopted in 1933 that ended Prohibition

4.  Jazz- musical form that began in New Orleans, Louisiana and was influenced by African-American musical traditions.

5.  Harlem Renaissance- artistic movement centered in Harlem, where many African-Americans moved to in NYC.

6.  Great Migration - a period of time from 1910-1930 when African Americans moved North to escape prejudice in the south and find better opportunities.

Introduction

  1. The Great Migration was the movement of African Americans from southern rural to northern urban areas and was a result of “push” and “pull” factors.
  1. Some of the “pushes” included Jim Crow laws, lynchings, the economic hardships of sharecopping , the negative effects of the boll weevil , and the lack of economic opportunities.
  1. The major “pulls” to the cities of the North and midwest included job opportunities in factories .

“Prohibition” p. 311

  1. Progressive reformers were also concerned about improving society by controlling the moral behavior of all Americans and helped to pass Blue Laws that prohibited the manufacture and sale of alcohol
  1. Prohibition became popular with the increase of immigration because native-born Americans thought immigrants drank too much.
  2. The 18th Amendment outlawed the manufacture and sale of alcoholic beverages, but it was repealed by the 21st Amendment, which ended Prohibition.
  1. Why did Prohibition fail?

The law was ignored and led to speakeasies and bootlegging, which increased crime.

“The Jazz Age” p. 312

  1. Radio and film brought new styles of music to new audiences.
  2. Jazz began among AFRICAN AMERICANS in NEW ORLEANS.
  3. African Americans soldiers took jazz music to France during World War I . When they returned home, it became popular among whites as well as African Americans .

“The Harlem Renaissance” p. 314

  1. The Harlem Renaissance was one result of the Great Migration because African Americans took their culture with them to northern urban areas. Gathered together in cities, this culture flourished.
  1. Writers , artists , and musicians celebrated African contributions to America through their art .
  1. Writers of the Renaissance used their work to call for an end of discrimination and unfair treatment , of African Americans.

Additional Information

  1. There was also racial and ethnic conflict during this time. Although segregation was not enforced by law in the North , it was widely practiced. For example, African Americans were often the last hired and the first fired .
  2. Some riots in large cities targeted African Americans , especially following World War I , when racial and unemployment violence peaked during the Red Scare of 1919 . Even though African Americans fought in World War I, whites didn’t want them to have equal rights.
  3. A new Ku Klux Klan targeted Jewish and Catholic immigrants.