Check Your Notes Or the Textbook to Be Sure You Have a Correct Answer!

Science 8

Cells Unit Review A

Check your notes or the textbook to be sure you have a correct answer!

Answer in complete sentences (unless instructed to use point form) on loose-leaf.

1.  In point form, list the six characteristics of living things. (6 points)

2.  How do scientists decide if something is a living thing? (1 point)

3.  What are the two main ideas of the cell theory? See page 9. (2 pts)

4.  Explain what differences are most helpful in deciding if cells are from plants or animals? (3 pts)

5.  What is the purpose of cilia and flagella? (2 points)

6.  Write a brief description of the function of these organelles: cell membrane, cell wall, chloroplast, chromosomes, cytoplasm, endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi apparatus, lysosome, mitochondria, nucleus, vacuole (11 points)

7.  Label each organelle on the diagram below. (10 pts)
Write YES or NO in each column for each organelle. (11 pts)

Found in plant cells? / Found in animal cells? / Visible with a compound light microscope?
cell membrane / yes / yes / yes
cell wall / yes / no / yes
chloroplast / yes / no / yes
chromosomes / yes / yes / sometimes!
cytoplasm / yes / yes / yes
endoplasmic reticulum / yes / yes / no
Golgi apparatus / yes / yes / no
lysosome / yes / yes / no
mitochondria / yes / yes / no
nucleus / yes / yes / yes
vacuole / yes / yes / yes

8.  Match the microscope to each description by writing the correct letter. (4 points)

_C_ Leeuwenhooek’s early microscopes / a.  This microscope has two different lenses to magnify an object up to 2000x
_A_ Compound light microscope / b.  This microscope records the reflection of electrons to show 3D images that look like photos
_D_ Transmission Electron microscope / c.  This microscope used a single glass bead to magnify objects about 10x and lead to the discovery of cells.
_B_ Scanning Electron microscope / d.  This microscope records electrons that are transmitted (pass through) a very thin sample and magnify up to 2 000 000x.

9.  Label the diagram of the compound light microscope below. Write the LETTER in each box. (6 pts)

A. arm B. base C. body tube D. coarse adjustment

E. diaphragm F. fine adjustment G. light source H. objective lenses

I. ocular lens J. revolving nosepiece K. stage L. stage clips

1.  In point form, list the six characteristics of living things. (6 points)

Living things are composed of cells.

Living things reproduce, grow and repair themselves.

Living things require energy.

Living things respond to the environment.

Living things have a life span.

Living things produce wastes.

2.  How do scientists decide if something is a living thing? (1 point)

To be considered a living thing, it must show all six characteristics. (Dead organisms or parts of them are also considered living things.)

3.  What are the two main ideas of the cell theory? See page 9. (2 pts)

All living things are made of cells. All cells come from pre-existing cells.

4.  Explain what differences are most helpful in deciding if cells are from plants or animals? (3 pts)

Only plant cells have a thick cell wall and green chloroplasts.

Plant cells have larger vacuoles.

Only animal cells have cilia and flagella.

5.  What is the purpose of cilia and flagella? (2 points)

Flagella help the cell to move in a swimming motion.

Cilia can help the cell move or help to move the fluid surrounding the cell.

6.  Write a brief description of the function of these organelles: cell membrane, cell wall, chloroplast, chromosomes, cytoplasm, endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi apparatus, lysosome, mitochondria, nucleus, vacuole (11 points)

cell membrane – semipermeable membrane that controls the movement of gases, water and nutrients in and out of the cell

cell wall – rigid wall that supports plant cells

chloroplast – contains chlorophyll allowing plant cells to produce sugars from sunlight, water and CO2

chromosomes – the genetic information (DNA) found in the nucleus

cytoplasm – the watery fluid that fills the cell, stores waste and other materials

endoplasmic reticulum – folded membrane that can quickly transport matter throughout the cell

Golgi apparatus – store proteins and allow proteins to leave the cell in vesicles

lysosome – breaks down large molecules, invading bacteria and the cell itself when it dies, or cleans the cytoplasm

mitochondria – provides energy by combining oxygen and sugar

nucleus – directs the cells activities, gives instructions

vacuole – filled with fluid to store water and nutrients (much larger in plants that animals)

missed one!

ribosomes – produce proteins