Station 1.Investigate our current understanding of the atom.

  1. Examine the structure of the atom in terms of
  • proton, electron, and neutron locations.
  • atomic mass and atomic number.
  • atoms with different numbers of neutrons (isotopes).
  • explain the relationship of the proton number to the element’s identity.
  • Compare and contrast ionic and covalent bonds in terms of electron movement.

Task:

Complete the chart:

Atomic number / # of protons / # of electrons / Atomic Mass / # of neutrons / Family Name
Helium
Sodium
Chlorine

1-Compare and contrast Carbon-12 and Carbon14:______

2-What determines the identity of an element? ______

Station 2.Explore the nature of matter, its classifications, and its system for naming types of matter.

  1. Calculate density when given a means to determine a substance’s mass and volume.

Task:

1-What is density? ______

2-What are two ways to find the volume of the tape box?______

3-Find the density of the tape box. ______

4-Find the mass of the tape box.______

Station 3.Explore the nature of matter, its classifications, and its system for naming types of matter.

  1. Predict formulas for stable binary ionic compounds based on balance of charges.
  2. Use IUPAC nomenclature for transition between chemical names and chemical formulas of
  • binary ionic compounds (containing representative elements) ANDBinary covalent compounds (i.e. carbon dioxide, carbon tetrachloride).
  • Demonstrate the Law of Conservation of Matter in a chemical reaction.
  • Apply the Law of Conservation of Matter by balancing the following types of chemical equations:

Task: -Synthesis, Decomposition, Single Replacement, and Double Replacement

Complete chart:

Elements to bond / Ionic or covalent bond? / Write the formulas for the ionic compounds. / Name in words.
Copper & Chlorine
Magnesium & Sulfur
Phosphorus & Chlorine
Lead (II) oxygen
Nitrogen & Iodine
Magnesium & Cl

Station 4.Distinguish the characteristics and components of radioactivity.

  1. Differentiate among alpha and beta particles and gamma radiation.
  2. Differentiate between fission and fusion.
  3. Explain the process half-life as related to radioactive decay.

Task:

1-Complete the chart

Emits
(type of particle or energy) / Can penetrate
Alpha
Beta
Gamma

2-Complete the chart

Description (what is it)
Fission
Fusion

3-What is half life? ______

______

Station 5.Investigate the arrangement of the Periodic Table.

  1. Determine the trends of the following:

·Number of valence electrons ·Types of ions formed by representative elements ·Location of metals, nonmetals, and metalloids ·Phases at room temperature

  1. Use the Periodic Table to predict the above properties for representative elements.

Task:

1-Complete the chart

Group #? / # of valence e- / Type of ion formed?
(charge & number) / Metal or nonmetal? / Phases at room temp?
Alkali Metals
Alkaline earth Metals
Halogens
Noble Gases

Station 6.Compare and contrast the phases of matter as they relate to atomic and molecular motion.

  1. Compare and contrast the atomic/molecular motion of solids, liquids, gases and plasmas.
  2. Explain the flow of energy in phase changes through the use of a phase diagram.

Task:

1-Make a sketch (picture, not a graph) showing the change in the structure (show motion) of a substance as it goes from a solid to a liquid to a gas. Identify which has the least and greatest amount of kinetic energy.

2-View the graph and answer the following questions.

  1. Label the the graph with the following words:
  2. Gas, solid, liquid
  3. Phase change(use twice).
  4. All energy used for phase change
  5. Most kinetic energy
  6. Least kinetic energy
  7. Molecule move the fastest
  8. Molecules move the slowest

Station 7.Compare and contrast the phases of matter as they relate to atomic and molecular motion.

  1. Relate temperature, pressure, and volume of gases to the behavior of gases.

Task:

1-Answer the following questions about the behavior of gases:

  1. If you put a balloon in the freezer,what will happen to the following?
  2. Temperature:______
  3. Motion of the molecules: ______
  4. Volume of the balloon: ______
  5. Diameter of the balloon: ______
  6. In the diagram below indicate what will happen in each situation.

A) B)

Pressure? ______Pressure? ______

Motion of molecules? ______Motion of molecules?

Increase temp. (draw arrow in both boxes to show this)Decrease vol. ______

-the length of your arrows indicate speed

Station 8. Students will investigate the properties of solutions

  1. Describe solutions in terms of
  2. solute/solvent, conductivity, concentration
  3. Observe factors affecting the rate a solute dissolves in a specific solvent.
  1. Demonstrate that solubility is related to temperature by constructing a solubility curve.

Task:

  1. If you dissolve salt into water. Which is the solvent? ______and Which is the solute?______
  2. What properties must a solution have so that it can conduct electricity?______

______

  1. Does pure, distilled water conduct electricity? Why or why not?______
  2. Which solution is more concentrated?Circle it.
  3. 100g of NaCl in 100g of water.ORb. 200g of NaCl in 100g of water.
  1. What three things can speed up the rate at which a solute will dissolve in a solution?

1-______2-______3-______

  1. View the graph and answer the following questions.
  2. If you put 20g of KNO3 in 100 g of H2O at 40ºC, what type of solution is it?
  3. Unsaturated, Saturated, or Supersaturated
  4. Can you still dissolve more in that same 100g of H2O?______
  5. If you put 60g of KNO3 in 100 g of H2O at 60ºC, what type of solution is it?
  6. Unsaturated, Saturated, or Supersaturated
  7. Can you still dissolve more in that same 100g of H2O?______
  1. Your teacher asks you to make a saturated solution of NaCl using 200g of water @80ºC. How much NaCl should you add? ______

Station 9.Students will investigate the properties of solutions

  1. Compare and contrast the components and properties of acids and bases.
  2. Determine whether common household substances are acidic, basic, or neutral.

Task:

  1. Complete the chart:

What ion does it produce in water? / What will blue litmus do when placed in this solution? / What will red litmus do when placed in this solution? / 2 “everyday” examples / Which number on the pH scale?
(1-14) / 2 other properties not already listed.
Acids
Bases

2. Label the pH chart below. (Use the following words: acid, base, neutral)Color where the acids are red, and where the bases are blue.

1714

Section 10.Relate transformations and flow of energy within a system.

  1. Identify energy transformations within a system (e.g. lighting of a match: chemical potential  thermal & radiant).
  2. Investigate molecular motion as it relates to thermal energy changes in terms of conduction, convection, and radiation.

Task:

  1. Identify the energy transformation in the following situations:

  1. A hair dryer: ______
  2. Solar panels:______
  3. Hover dam:______
  4. Photosynthesis: ______
  5. Rock rolling down a hill:______
  6. A ceiling fan: ______

  1. Complete the chart:

Type of thermal energy transfer in…
(solid, liquid, gas, vacuum) / How is the energy transfer?
Describe how the molecules transfer energy to eachother. / An “everyday” example
Conduction
Convection
Radiation

Section 11.Relate transformations and flow of energy within a system.

  1. Determine the heat capacity of a substance using mass, specific heat, and temperature.

Task:

  1. Answer the following:
  2. What is the formula for specific heat?
  1. A 4 kg piece of Al (Cp=900 J / kg- °C) is heated and its temperature is increased from 10ºC to 100ºC. How much thermal energy (heat) did it absorb?
  1. 300kg of water at 33ºC needs to be raised to 99ºC (Cp=4,184 J / kg- °C). How much thermal energy does it need to absorb to accomplish this?

Section 12.Determine relationships among force, mass, and motion.

  1. Calculate velocity and acceleration.

c. Relate falling objects to gravitational force

d. Explain the difference in mass and weight.

Task:

  1. Solve:
  1. Solve:


Section 13.Determine relationships among force, mass, & motion

  1. Apply Newton’s three laws to everyday situations by explaining the following:
  • Inertia
  • Relationship between force, mass and acceleration
  • Equal and opposite forces

Task:

Section 14.Determine relationships among force, mass, and motion

e. Calculate amounts of work and mechanical advantage using simple machines.

Task:

Section 15.Investigate the properties of waves.

  1. Recognize that all waves transfer energy.

b. Relate frequency and wavelength to the energy of different types of electromagnetic waves and mechanical waves.

c. Compare and contrast the characteristics of electromagnetic and mechanical (sound) waves.

Task:

A.

B.

Electromagnetic spectrum: Put the waves in order

Which has the greatest amount of energy? ______

Which has the shortest wavelength? ______

How is wavelength related to frequency? ______

______

Acronym for Colors: ______

Section 16.Investigate the properties of waves.

d.Investigate the phenomena of reflection, refraction, interference, and diffraction.

e.Relate the speed of sound to different mediums.

f.Explain the Doppler Effect in terms of everyday interactions.

Task:Explain the 4 types of wave interaction.

Section 17.Investigate the properties of electricity and magnetism.

  1. Investigate static electricity in terms of
  • friction
  • induction
  • conduction
  • Explain the flow of electrons in terms of
  • alternating and direct current.
  • the relationship among voltage, resistance and current.

Task: · simple series and parallel circuits.

Section 18.Investigate the properties of electricity and magnetism.

  1. Investigate applications of magnetism and/or its relationship to the movement of electrical charge as it relates to
  • electromagnets
  • simple motors
  • permanent magnets

Task: