SCIENCE CHAPTER 12 STUDY GUIDE – CHANGES IN MATTER
VOCABULARY (see p. 398)
1. A ______happens when one substance changes into another substance.
2. A substance that is changed in a chemical reaction is called a ______.
3. A large molecule formed from smaller identical units is called a ______.
4. When objects change by tearing, crushing, or melting but do not change into different substances, a ______has occurred.
5. The process of burning is called ______.
6. A substance that forms during a chemical reaction is called a ______.
7. A special sentence that describes what happens in a chemical reaction is called a ______.
LABS
8. What was the name of the gas that was created when we mixed calcium chloride with baking soda? ______
9. What color indicates an acid on blue litmus paper? ______
10. What type of reaction takes place inside of a battery? ______
11. What information can you get from universal pH paper that you cannot from red or blue litmus paper? ______
______
TRUE OR FALSE
T F 12. Formation and breaking of bonds involves taking in or giving off energy.
T F 13. In flame tests, different substances cause a flame to have different colors.
T F 14. Matter is created and destroyed during a chemical reaction.
T F 15. Synthetic materials are made in nature.
T F 16. When used incorrectly, chemicals such as cleaning supplies can be hazardous.
CHOOSE THE BEST ANSWER
17. What is the product of the reaction below?
carbon + oxygen à carbon dioxide
a. carbon
b. oxygen
c. dioxide
d. carbon dioxide
18. What reaction would be illustrated by two separate train cars coming together?
a. combination reaction
b. replacement reaction
c. physical reaction
d. decomposition reaction
19. Using train cars to learn about chemical reactions is an example of what?
a. petroleum
b. model
c. solution
d. polymer
20. What bacteria-killing substance did Alexander Fleming accidentally discover that became an important life-saving medicine?
a. insulin
b. aspirin
c. vitamins
d. penicillin
21. Which is a polymer developed in a chemical laboratory that might be used in tent?
a. silk
b. wool
c. nylon
d. cotton
SHORT ANSWER
22. Explain how scientists can use a chemical reaction to separate a fossil from limestone without damaging the fossil. ______
______
23. How many atoms of hydrogen are in 2H2O? _____ How do you know? ______
______
______
24. Write how you would say this chemical equation: C + O2 à CO2
______
______
25. What three signs of a chemical change might you be able see? ______
______