File No: STD/1588
August 2016
NATIONAL INDUSTRIAL CHEMICALS NOTIFICATION AND ASSESSMENT SCHEME
(NICNAS)
PUBLIC REPORT
Chemical in CodeStream LMC 410
This Assessment has been compiled in accordance with the provisions of the Industrial Chemicals (Notification and Assessment) Act 1989 (the Act) and Regulations. This legislation is an Act of the Commonwealth of Australia. The National Industrial Chemicals Notification and Assessment Scheme (NICNAS) is administered by the Department of Health, and conducts the risk assessment for public health and occupational health and safety. The assessment of environmental risk is conducted by the Department of the Environment.
This Public Report is available for viewing and downloading from the NICNAS website or available on request, free of charge, by contacting NICNAS. For requests and enquiries please contact the NICNAS Administration Coordinator at:
Street Address: / Level 7, 260 Elizabeth Street, SURRY HILLS NSW 2010, AUSTRALIA. /Postal Address: / GPO Box 58, SYDNEY NSW 2001, AUSTRALIA.
TEL: / + 61 2 8577 8800
FAX: / + 61 2 8577 8888
Website: / www.nicnas.gov.au
Director
NICNAS
TABLE OF CONTENTS
SUMMARY 3
CONCLUSIONS AND REGULATORY OBLIGATIONS 3
ASSESSMENT DETAILS 6
1. APPLICANT AND NOTIFICATION DETAILS 6
2. IDENTITY OF CHEMICAL 6
3. COMPOSITION 6
4. PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL PROPERTIES 6
5. INTRODUCTION AND USE INFORMATION 7
6. HUMAN HEALTH IMPLICATIONS 8
6.1. Exposure Assessment 8
6.1.1. Occupational Exposure 8
6.1.2. Public Exposure 9
6.2. Human Health Effects Assessment 9
6.3. Human Health Risk Characterisation 10
6.3.1. Occupational Health and Safety 10
6.3.2. Public Health 10
7. ENVIRONMENTAL IMPLICATIONS 10
7.1. Environmental Exposure & Fate Assessment 10
7.1.1. Environmental Exposure 10
7.1.2. Environmental Fate 11
7.1.3. Predicted Environmental Concentration (PEC) 11
7.2. Environmental Effects Assessment 12
7.2.1. Predicted No-Effect Concentration 12
7.3. Environmental Risk Assessment 13
Appendix A: Physical and Chemical Properties 14
Appendix B: Toxicological Investigations 16
B.1. Acute toxicity – oral 16
B.2. Acute toxicity – dermal 16
B.3. Irritation – eye 17
B.4. Skin sensitisation 17
B.5. Repeat dose toxicity 18
B.6. Genotoxicity – bacteria 19
B.7. Genotoxicity – in vitro 20
Appendix C: Environmental Fate and Ecotoxicological Investigations 22
C.1. Environmental Fate 22
C.1.1. Ready biodegradability 22
C.2. Ecotoxicological Investigations 22
C.2.1. Acute toxicity to fish 22
C.2.2. Chronic toxicity to fish 23
C.2.3. Acute toxicity to aquatic invertebrates 24
C.2.4. Chronic toxicity to aquatic invertebrates 24
C.2.5. Algal growth inhibition test 25
BIBLIOGRAPHY 26
August 2016 NICNAS
SUMMARY
The following details will be published in the NICNAS Chemical Gazette:
ASSESSMENT REFERENCE / APPLICANT(S) / CHEMICAL OR TRADE NAME / HAZARDOUS chemical / INTRODUCTION VOLUME / USESTD/1588 / DS Chemport (Australia) Pty Ltd / Chemical in CodeStream LMC 410 / Yes / ≤ 3 tonnes per annum / Component of inks/coatings
CONCLUSIONS AND REGULATORY OBLIGATIONS
Hazard classification
Based on the available information, the notified chemical is recommended for hazard classification according to the Globally Harmonised System of Classification and Labelling of Chemicals (GHS), as adopted for industrial chemicals in Australia. The recommended hazard classification is presented in the following table.
Hazard classification / Hazard statementEye Irritation (Category 1) / H318 – Causes serious eye damage
Based on the available information, the notified chemical is recommended for hazard classification according to the Approved Criteria for Classifying Hazardous Substances (NOHSC, 2004), with the following risk phrase:
R41: Risk of serious damage to eyes
The environmental hazard classification according to the Globally Harmonised System of Classification and Labelling of Chemicals (GHS) is presented below. Environmental classification under the GHS is not mandated in Australia and carries no legal status but is presented for information purposes.
Hazard classification / Hazard statementAcute Category 1 / H400 – Very toxic to aquatic life
Chronic Category 3 / H412 – Harmful to aquatic life with long lasting effects
Human health risk assessment
Provided that the recommended controls are being adhered to, under the conditions of the occupational settings described, the notified chemical is not considered to pose an unreasonable risk to the health of workers.
When used in the proposed manner, the notified chemical is not considered to pose an unreasonable risk to public health.
Environmental risk assessment
On the basis of the PEC/PNEC ratio and the reported use pattern, the notified chemical is not considered to pose an unreasonable risk to the environment.
Recommendations
Regulatory Controls
Hazard Classification and Labelling
· The notified chemical should be classified as follows:
- Eye Irritation (Category 1): H318 – Causes serious eye damage
The above should be used for products/mixtures containing the notified chemical, if applicable, based on the concentration of the notified chemical present and the intended use/exposure scenario.
Control Measures
Occupational Health and Safety
· A person conducting a business or undertaking at a workplace should implement the following engineering controls to minimise occupational exposure to the notified chemical during formulation, printing or laser treatment:
- Use of enclosed automated systems, where possible
- Local exhaust ventilation if aerosols or dusts are generated
· A person conducting a business or undertaking at a workplace should implement the following safe work practices to minimise occupational exposure during handling of the notified chemical during formulation, printing or laser treatment:
- Avoid contact with eyes and skin
- Clean up spills promptly
· A person conducting a business or undertaking at a workplace should ensure that the following personal protective equipment is used by workers to minimise occupational exposure to the notified chemical during formulation, printing or laser treatment:
- Impervious gloves, coveralls and goggles
- Respiratory protection if aerosols or dusts are emitted and not minimised by engineering controls
Guidance in selection of personal protective equipment can be obtained from Australian, Australian/New Zealand or other approved standards.
· A copy of the (M)SDS should be easily accessible to employees.
· If products and mixtures containing the notified chemical are classified as hazardous to health in accordance with the Globally Harmonised System of Classification and Labelling of Chemicals (GHS) as adopted for industrial chemicals in Australia, workplace practices and control procedures consistent with provisions of State and Territory hazardous substances legislation should be in operation.
Disposal
· Where reuse or recycling are not appropriate, dispose of the notified chemical in an environmentally sound manner in accordance with relevant Commonwealth, state, territory and local government legislation.
Storage
· The handling and storage of the notified chemical should be in accordance with the Safe Work Australia Code of Practice for Managing Risks of Hazardous Chemicals in the Workplace (SWA, 2012) or relevant State or Territory Code of Practice.
Emergency procedures
· Spills or accidental release of the notified chemical should be handled by physical containment, collection and subsequent safe disposal.
Regulatory Obligations
Secondary Notification
This risk assessment is based on the information available at the time of notification. The Director may call for the reassessment of the chemical under secondary notification provisions based on changes in certain circumstances. Under Section 64 of the Industrial Chemicals (Notification and Assessment) Act (1989) the notifier, as well as any other importer or manufacturer of the notified chemical, have post-assessment regulatory obligations to notify NICNAS when any of these circumstances change. These obligations apply even when the notified chemical is listed on the Australian Inventory of Chemical Substances (AICS).
Therefore, the Director of NICNAS must be notified in writing within 28 days by the notifier, other importer or manufacturer:
(1) Under Section 64(1) of the Act; if
- The ink/coating containing the notified chemical is used on packaging that is in contact with food
or
(2) Under Section 64(2) of the Act; if
- the function or use of the chemical has changed from component of inks/coatings, or is likely to change significantly;
- the amount of chemical being introduced has increased, or is likely to increase, significantly;
- the chemical has begun to be manufactured in Australia;
- additional information has become available to the person as to an adverse effect of the chemical on occupational health and safety, public health, or the environment.
The Director will then decide whether a reassessment (i.e. a secondary notification and assessment) is required.
(Material) Safety Data Sheet
The (M)SDS of a product containing the notified chemical provided by the notifier was reviewed by NICNAS. The accuracy of the information on the (M)SDS remains the responsibility of the applicant.
ASSESSMENT DETAILS
1. APPLICANT AND NOTIFICATION DETAILS
Applicant
DS Chemport (Australia) Pty Ltd (ABN: 68 006 335 048)
41 Jesica Road
CAMPBELLFIELD VIC 3061
Notification Category
Standard: Chemical other than polymer (more than 1 tonne per year).
Exempt Information (Section 75 of the Act)
Data items and details claimed exempt from publication: chemical name, other names, CAS number, molecular and structural formulae, molecular weight, analytical data, degree of purity, impurities, additives/adjuvants and import volume.
Variation of Data Requirements (Section 24 of the Act)
Variation to the schedule of data requirements is claimed as follows: adsorption/desorption, particle size, autoignition temperature, explosive property, oxidising property, reactivity, skin irritation and acute inhalation toxicity.
Previous Notification in Australia by Applicant(s)
None
Notification in Other Countries
ECHA (2015)
2. IDENTITY OF CHEMICAL
Marketing Name(s)
CodeStream LMC 410 (product containing the notified chemical)
Molecular Weight
> 500 Da
Analytical Data
Reference HPLC and IR spectra were provided.
3. COMPOSITION
Degree of Purity
> 90%
4. PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL PROPERTIES
Appearance at 20 ºC and 101.3 kPa: odourless white powderProperty / Value / Data Source/Justification
Melting Point/Freezing Point / Not determined / Measured. The notified chemical decomposes before melting.
Boiling Point / Not determined / Measured. The notified chemical decomposes before boiling.
Density / 1,320 kg/m3 at 20 °C / Measured
Vapour Pressure / 0.27 kPa at 25 °C
0.38 kPa at 20 °C / Measured
Water Solubility / 0.09 g/L at 20 °C / Measured
Hydrolysis as a Function of pH / t½ > 1 year at pH 4, 7 and 9 / Measured
Partition Coefficient
(n-octanol/water) / log Pow = 2.86 ± 0.06 at 24°C / Measured
Adsorption/Desorption / Not determined / Expected to partially adsorb to soil and sediment based on molecular weight and structure
Dissociation Constant / pKa = 8.2 at 20 °C / Measured
Particle Size / Not determined / The notified chemical will be imported in an aqueous dispersion mixture
Flash Point / 210 °C / Measured
Flammability / Not flammable / Measured
Autoignition Temperature / Not determined / Introduced in aqueous solution
Explosive Properties / Not determined / Contains no functional groups that would imply explosive properties
Oxidising Properties / Not determined / Contains no functional groups that would imply oxidising properties
Discussion of Properties
For full details of tests on physical and chemical properties, refer to Appendix A.
Reactivity
The notified chemical is expected to be stable under normal conditions of use.
Physical hazard classification
Based on the submitted physico-chemical data depicted in the above table, the notified chemical is not recommended for hazard classification according to the Globally Harmonised System of Classification and Labelling of Chemicals (GHS), as adopted for industrial chemicals in Australia.
5. INTRODUCTION AND USE INFORMATION
Mode of Introduction of Notified Chemical (100%) Over Next 5 Years
The notified chemical will not be manufactured in Australia. The notified chemical will be imported as a raw material at a concentration of up to 40% and in formulation at a concentration of up to 30%.
Maximum Introduction Volume of Notified Chemical (100%) Over Next 5 Years
Year / 1 / 2 / 3 / 4 / 5Tonnes / < 2 / < 2 / < 3 / < 3 / < 3
Port of Entry
Melbourne, Sydney, Brisbane and Perth
Identity of Manufacturer/Recipients
DS Chemport (Australia) Pty Ltd
Transportation and Packaging
The notified chemical at < 40% concentration will be imported in 20 L closed-top plastic containers or 1000 L intermediate bulk containers by sea. The containers will be distributed by road to the sites of reformulation and end-use. The notified chemical may also be imported in laser markable inks/coatings at < 30% concentration.
Use
The notified chemical will be used in laser markable inks/coatings for commercial printing on paper, corrugate cardboard and polymer film. The finished coated material will be used as packaging and labels for a variety of products for both industrial and consumer use. The final concentration of the notified chemical in laser markable inks/coatings will be <30%.
Operation description
The notified chemical will not be manufactured in Australia. It will be imported in to Australia as raw material at < 40% concentration for reformulation, or in laser markable inks/coatings concentration for industrial use at <30%.
Reformulation
When the notified chemical is reformulated in Australia, the raw material will be transferred to the mixing tank, either manually or using a metered pump. The reformulation facilities are expected to be automated closed systems with local exhaust ventilation. The inks/coatings produced will be tested for quality control and then packaged into 20L containers for transportation to the end-use site. The final concentration of the notified chemical in end-use ink/coating will be < 30%.
End-use
Laser markable inks/coatings containing the notified chemical at < 30% concentration will be used by industries in flexographic printing on cardboard and plastic substrates. The 20L containers containing the products will be transported to the site of application, where they will be transferred via a hose and pump into the printing press coating station pan. At the end of printing/coating cycle, the product remaining in the printing pan will be pumped back into the container for later use. Once the printing/coating process is finished, the equipment will be rinsed and the rinsate will be collected in containers and recycled.
At a later stage, which may be at another site, sections of the dried ink/coating will be activated by laser or other heat source, to produce markings on the substrates.
6. HUMAN HEALTH IMPLICATIONS
6.1. Exposure Assessment
6.1.1. Occupational Exposure
Category of Workers
Category of Worker / Exposure Duration (hours/day) / Exposure Frequency (days/year)Transport and storage of formulated product / 3 / 10
Process operator (formulation) / 2-3 / 25
Quality control / 1-2 / 4-5
Applicator of formulation (printing) / 8 / 60
Exposure Details