DPNS 156:2004
ICS 81.060.20
Sanitary wares - Specification
PHILIPPINE NATIONAL STANDARD DPNS 156:2004
DPNS 156:2004
Contents / Page1 / Scope and purposes ...... / 1
2 / References ...... / 1
3 / Definitions ...... …………………...... / 1
4 / Grading ...... / 4
5 / General requirements ...... …...... / 8
6 / Marking and labeling ...…...... / 33
Tables
1 / Maximum allowable blemishes for grade A water closet,bowls, bidets, urinals and all pedestal legs ...... / 5
2 / Maximum allowable blemishes for grade A close coupled tanks and covers ...... / 5
3 / Maximum allowable blemishes for grade A lavatories ...... …...... / 6
4 / Maximum allowable blemishes for grade A pail flush, rural and wasdown squat bowls ...... …………... / 6
5 / Maximum allowable blemishes for grade B water closet, bowls, bidets, urinals and pedestal legs ...…………. / 7
6 / Maximum allowable blemishes for grade B closet coupled tanks and covers ...... / 7
7 / Maximum allowable blemishes for grade B lavatories ...... / 8
8
9 / Spud sizes and passageways for urinals ………………………………
Minimum urinal dimensions / 11
11
Annexes
A / Types and styles of fixture………….. / 35
A1 / Water closet ...... / 35
A2 / Lavatories ...... / 37
A3 / Urinals ...... / 38
A4 / Bidets (pedestal, floor-mounted, wall outlet) ...... / 39
A5 / Other types of bowls ...... / 39
B / Test methods ...... / 40
C / Recommendations ...... / 42
Figures
1A / Urinal / 11
1B / Typical outlet for floor-mounted Bottom-outlet water closets ...... / 13
2 / Typical outlet details for rear-outlet and rear-spigot-outlet water closet Bowls ...... / 14
3 / Typical bolt hole spacing for wall mounted water closets ...... / 15
4 / Roughing-in and seat bolt hole requirements for floor outlet water closets ...... / 15
5 / Labatory and bidet supply punchings and outlet details ...... / 16
6 / Close coupled and wall mounted gravity type water closet tanks .....….. / 16
7 / Typical top contour for water closet bowls ...... / 17
8 / Close-coupled water closet, floor mounted, back-outlet ...... / 17
9 / Floor mounted close-coupled water closet ...... / 17
10 / One-piece water closet ...... / 18
11 / Top-inlet water closet for flushometer valve ...... ……………...... / 19
12 / Lavatories with back ...... / 20
13 / Ledge-back lavatories ...... / 21
14 / Shelf-back lavatories ...... / 21
15 / Slab-back lavatories ...... / 21
16 / Flat rim lavatories ...... / 22
17 / Rectangular self-rimming lavatory .... / 22
18 / Self-rimming lavatory - rectangular . / 23
19 / Self-rimming lavatory - oval ...... / 23
20 / Self-rimming lavatory - round ...... / 23
21 / Corner lavatory ...... / 24
22 / Stall urinal ...... / 24
23 / Wall-mounted blowout urinal with extended shields ...... / 25
24 / Wall-mounted blowout urinal ...... / 25
25 / Wall-mounted siphon-jet urinal with extended shields ...... / 26
26 / Wall-mounted siphon-jet urinal ...... / 26
27 / Wall-mounted washout urinal with extended shields ...... / 27
28 / Wall-mounted washout urinal with bottom outlet ...... / 27
29 / Drinking fountain with splash back ... / 28
30 / Drinking fountain, semi-recessed ...... / 28
31 / Drinking Fountain, Recessed ...... / 29
32 / Service sink ...... / 29
33 / Perineal (sitz) bath ...... / 30
34 / Bidet ...... / 30
35 / Location and character of marking for seconds ...... …...... / 31
36 / Pail flush bowl ...... / 32
37 / Squat bowl ...... / 32
38 / Squat bowl with integral flushing room ...... / 32
1
DPNS 156:2004
PHILIPPINE NATIONAL STANDARD DPNS 156:2004
Sanitary Ware - Specification
1Scope and purposes
1.1Scope
This standard covers physical requirements and test methods pertaining to materials, grading, dimension, certain features of construction and types, and sizes of sanitary wares in general use. Also given are inspection methods and tests which establish generally accepted quality standard fixtures. Included in this standard are water closets, lavatories, urinals and bidets.
1.2Purpose
The purpose of this standard is to establish a national-recognized standard for sanitary wares for the guidance of manufacturers, distributors and purchasers; to promote better understanding between suppliers and users; and to furnish a basis for their competition in furnishing sanitary wares to meet the principal demands of the trade.
2References
The following standards contain provisions, which through reference in the text form a part of this national standard. At the time of publication of this PNS, the editions indicated were valid.
PNS 237:2000 Water closet tank fittings - Specification
PNS 993:2000 Water closets and urinals - Hydraulic requirements
3Definitions
For the purpose of this standard, the following definitions apply:
3.1
bidet
a personal hygiene fixture intended for use by both sexes for general cleansing of the entire perennial, or analgenital region generally used for quick partial bathing
3.2
blister
a raised portion of the surface or a sand speck smaller than 1.0 mm dimension
3.4
craze
fine cracks in the glaze
1
DPNS 156:2004
3.5
discoloration
a colored spot over 36 mm2 in area or a concentrated number of specks or spots to give the effect of a change in color
3.6
dull or eggshell finish
undeveloped glaze, a semi-glaze finish, slightly matt in appearance or a non-glossy finish
3.7
dunt
a hairline fracture through the body caused by strain during the process of manufacture
3.8
exposed body
an unglazed portion not less than 2 mm in dimension
3.9
finish
the texture and condition of surface other than color
3.10
fire check
crack in the body not covered with glaze
3.11
fittings
adjuncts to a fixture subject to selection by the purchaser
3.12
fixture
the sanitary ware itself without trim or fittings
3.13
flood level
that portion of the plumbing fixture which spill over when the fixture drain is shut or constricted
3.14
flush tank
a container for a measured quantity of water, fitted with an inlet valve and a flush valve either wall hung or close coupled use to flush a water closet bowl
3.15
flush valve
a special form of valve located at the bottom of a flush tank used in flushing a water closet
3.16
flushing cycle
the complete operating sequence of a water closet in emptying the contents, cleansing the inside surfaces, refilling the water seal and tank and raising the water surface to the level of trap weir
3.17
flushing surface
the surface visible after installation which becomes wet during the operation of the fixture
3.18
flushometer tank
a device whose function is defined in the flushometer valve below but integrated within an accumulator vessel affixed and adjacent to the fixture inlet so as to cause an effective enlargement of the supply line immediately before the unit
3.19
flushometer valve
a valve attached to a pressurized water supply pipe and operates to admit a pre-determined quantity of water to fixture for flushing purposes
3.20
low consumption dual flush valve
a special water saving valve fixed at the bottom of the tank which is designed to provide two flush volume options use in flushing a water closet. Full flush having a total flush volume less than or equal to six litres and half flush having a total flush volume less than or equal to 3.5 liters. The flush valve shall be operated by two buttons, which are permanently marked with either symbol or wording to indicate the full and half flush volume options, or a single lever to activate the half or full flush option as a single operation
3.21
grade A
a ware which conforms to or higher than the grade limitations and other requirements of this standard
3.22
integral
a cast or formed part of a fixture
3.23
one-piece water closet
a single piece fixture composed of water closet bowl and tank and a separate tank cover
3.24
permanent marking
for the purpose of marking (clause 6), permanent marking shall be fired, cast, sand blasted embossed stamped, etched, or otherwise not removable except by excessive work or extra means
3.25
pinhole
a small hole not bigger than 2 mm in the glazed surface
3.26
pit
a hole in the glazed surface larger than 2 mm in diameter
3.27
polishing mark
a spot not more than 10 mm in maximum diameter where a minor blemish has been ground off and the surface polished
3.28
pottery square
a square 50 mm on each side. For grading purposes, it maybe a 50 mm square hole cut in a small sheet of any flexible material such as rubber or paper for convenience in sliding over irregular surfaces to determine segregation or grouping of defects
3.29
pressurized flushing device (pfd)
a product which uses the force contained within the water supply to create a pressurized discharge to flush fixtures and which is exclusive of gravity type flushing system. Flushometer valve and flushometer tanks are example of pressurized flushing devices
3.30
projection
a raised portion of the surface over 6.5 mm in maximum dimension
3.31
rim
the unobstructed open edge of a fixture
3.32
roughing-in measurement
dimension from finished wall or floor to center of waste or supply opening or mounting holes
3.33
sanitary
a reasonably acceptable appearance and not necessarily microbiologically clean
3.34
segregation
more than 4 spots, blisters or pinholes in any pottery square
3.35
speck
an area of contrasting color less than 1 mm in dimension. Specks less than 0.3 mm in dimension, unless insufficient in number to form a discoloration are not counted
3.36
spot
an area of contrasting color 1 mm to 3 mm in dimension
3.37
spud
a threaded connection usually of brass inserted in the fixture
3.38
trap
a fitting, device, or integral fixture portion so designed and constructed as to provide, when properly vented, a liquid seal which will prevent the back-passage of sewer gas without materially affecting the flow of sewage or wastewater through it
3.39
trap dip
the highest point of the opening from the well into trapway
3.40
trim
part other than the fixture regularly supplied such as closet spuds and wall hangers
2.41
urinal
a plumbing fixture which receives only liquid body waste and on demand conveys the waste through a trap seal into a gravity drainage system
3.42
visible surface
the surface that is readily visible to an open observer in a normal standing position after installation of the fixture
3.43
vitreous
possessing that degree of vitrification evidenced by not more than 0.5% water absorption in the boiling test
3.44
vitreous china
compounded ceramic materials fired at high temperature to form a vitreous body with exposed surfaces coated with ceramic glaze fuse to the body
3.45
water closet
a plumbing fixture having a water containing receptor which receives liquid and solid body waste and upon actuation conveys the waste through an exposed integral trap seal into a gravity drainage system
3.46
water surface
the surface of the still water in the closet bowl, when filled to the top of the weir
3.47
wavy finish
a defect in the finish having the appearance of numerous runs irregular or mottled in the glaze
3.48
weir
the barrier in a trapway that controls the water level
3.49
well
a pocket open at the top, formed inside the water closet bowl or urinal at the entrance of the trapway
4Grading
Sanitary wares shall be graded A or B in accordance with the methods given herein and shall conform to the maximum allowable blemishes specified in Tables 1 to 7.
Table 1 - Maximum allowable blemishes for grade A water closets, bowls, bidets,
urinals and all pedestal legs
Location / Blemishes or defects / Maximum permittedGeneral / Wavy finish
Warpage: / 25 cm2
a) water closets and bidets
1) foot/wall, bow or arch
2) rocker
3) rim top front to back
side to side
b) urinal base and pedestal legs / 2.4 mm
1.6 mm
9.0 mm
5.0 mm
2.4 mm
Flushing surface / Spots, blisters and pinholes / No segregation, total of 2.
Bubbles and specks / 2 in one “pottery square”, a total of 4.
Visible surface / Exposed body / None on prominent surface
5 mm on the foot, maximum of 1.
Spots, blisters and pinholes / No segregation, a total of 2.
Bubbles and specks / 2 in one “pottery square”, total of 4.
Table 2 - Maximum allowable blemishes for grade A close coupled tanks and covers
Location / Blemishes or defects / Maximum permittedGeneral / Warpage / 3.2 mm (tank)
1.6 mm (cover)
Wavy finish / 25 cm2.
Spots, blisters and pinholes / No segregation a total of 5.
Visible surface / Bubbles and specks / 2 in one “pottery square” a total of 4.
Cover / Warpage, wavy finish, spots, blisters and pinholes, bubble or specks / 50% of the maximum permitted
Table 3 - Maximum allowable blemishes for grade A lavatories
Location / Blemishes or defect / Maximum permittedGeneral / Warpage / Warpage of slab out of horizontal plane not to exceed 6 mm on all sizes, warpage of backs of lavatories which are attached to the wall not to exceed 3 mm.
self rimming lavatories (counter top) / 2 mm (front)
3 mm (back)
Service space top, slabs, inside of basin and front of apron / Spot, blisters and pinholes / No segregation, a total of 2.
Bubbles and specks / No segregation, a total of 2.
Polishing marks / 1only
Face of integral back and sides / Spot, blisters and pinholes / 1 on back or either side, a total of 2.
Bubbles and specks / No segregation, a total of 3.
Table 4 - Maximum allowable blemishes for grade A pail flush, rural and washdown squat bowls
Location / Blemishes or defects / Maximum permittedGeneral / Warpage / 6 mm
Fire check
(clay crack) / 6.3 mm, to be repaired if more than 2 defects.
Repair / 5 mm size after repair, 1 in one "pottery square" or total of 3 at each half portion
Stain / 6 mm size, 2 in one "pottery square" or a total of 16.
Bubbles and specks / 2 in one "pottery square" total of 4.
Blister, spots and exposed body / 1 in one "pottery square", total of 3, 5 mm size after repair
Pinholes / 3.2 mm without repair.
Table 5 - Maximum allowable blemishes for grade B water closet, bowls, bidets,
urinals and pedestal legs
Location / Blemishes or defects / Maximum permittedGeneral / Wavy finish / 25 cm2
Warpage
a) water closets and bidets
1) foot/wall, bow or arch
2) rocker
3) rim (top)
front to back
side to side
b) other fixtures / 3.6 mm
2.4 mm
13.5 mm
7.5 mm
3.2 mm
Flushing surface / Spot, blisters and pinholes
Bubbles and specks / No segregation, total of 7. Pinholes and blisters should be repaired. Size after repair shall be 3.0 mm.
7 in one "pottery square", a total of 15.
Visible surface / Exposed body
Spots, blisters and pinholes
Bubbles and specks / To be repaired if not more than 1 in one "pottery square", total of 2 per viewing plane, maximum of 5. Size after repair shall be 3.0 mm and 7 mm on the foot.
No segregation, a total of 7.
7 in one "pottery square", total of 15.
Table 6 - Maximum allowable blemishes for grade B close coupled tanks and covers
Location / Blemishes and defects / Maximum permittedGeneral / Warpage
Wavy finish
Spots, blisters and pinholes / 5 mm (tank)
2.4 mm (back cover)
25 cm2
No segregation, a total of 10.
Visible Surface / Bubbles and specks / 5 in one "pottery square" a total of 15.
Cover / Warpage, wavy finish, spots, blisters and pinholes, bubbles and specks / not more than 50%
Table 7 - Maximum allowable blemishes for grade B lavatories
Location / Blemishes or defects / Maximum permittedGeneral / Warpage
self rimming lavatories / Warpage of slabs out of horizontal plane not to exceed 9 mm on all sizes,* warpage of backs of lavatories which are attached to the wall not to exceed 5 mm.
5 mm at any point.
Service space top slabs, inside of basin and front of apron / Spots, blisters and pinholes
Bubbles and specks
Polishing mark / No segregation, a total of 3.
No segregation, a total of 6.
2 only
Face of integral back and sides / Spots, blisters and pinholes
Bubbles and specks / 2 on back or either side, a total of 5.
No segregation, a total of 6.
*Depending on the design if applicable.
5General requirements
5.1Materials
Sanitary wares made of vitreous china or other materials shallmeet the absorption and crazing requirements as specified in items 5.4 and 5.5, respectively.
5.2Thickness, dimensions and tolerances
The main fixture body shall not be less than 6 mm thick and the support braces shall not be less than 3 mm. thick. Fixtures shall conform to the applicable dimensions given in the standard. Where not otherwise indicated a tolerance of 5% shall apply. Maximum and minimum dimensions shall not be subjected to a tolerance beyond the limits given.
5.3Glazed surfaces
The glaze shall be thoroughly fused to the fixture body. All exposed surfaces shall be glazed except those coming in contact with walls or floors and as follows:
a)On lavatories set away from walls.
- Those portions of rear aprons which support the fixture in kilns.
- On back of overflow and underside of outlet bosses/drain.
b)Insides, back and undersides of water closet tanks.
c)Undersides and back of covers.
d)Undersides of drop in lavatories.
e)Back sides of lavatory legs or pedestal.
f)Undersides of flushing rim of water closets and urinals.
Other fixtures may have unglazed portions at points where supported in the kilns but such unglazed surface shall be located so as not to be visible when the fixture is installed in the normal manner. The inside of trapways of water closet bowls and urinals maybe glazed. A matter or satin finish shall be acceptable, if it is part of the decorative treatment.
5.4Absorption
The average absorption, when determined in accordance with Annex B.1 shall not exceed 0.5%.
5.5Crazing
After the test in Annex B.2, no crazing shall be permissible.
5.6Color
Sanitary wares may be made white and in any other colors. The shade or tint of each color shall be determined by the individual manufacturer. It is recognized that differences in manufacturing conditions, base materials and lighting, produce minor variations in color which are commercially acceptable and shall not be caused for rejection.
5.7Evaluation of surface finish
a)Inspectors shall measure or count any blemishes only in case of doubt, since in practice, dimensional limits and numbers can be readily gauged by eye.
b)Ware shall be examined for minor blemishes with the eye of the observer about 600 mm from the ware. The light source shall be partially diffused daylight supplemented if necessary with diffused artificial light, given an illumination intensity near the surface to be inspected at a minimum of 1076 lux.
c)Blemishes such as crazes, dull or egg shell finishes, dunt, fire check, large blisters and projection shall not be allowed on all fixtures. No unglazed bodies shall be allowed on the flushing surface and/or visible surface of fixture being inspected.
5.8Hydraulic performance
Water closets and urinals shall conform to the performance requirements of PNS 993.
5.9Trap seal
The depth of seal for integral traps in all water closets and urinals shall not be less than 50 mm except where greater minimum depth are specified therein for certain fixtures. Trap seal depth for pail flush bowl shall not be less than 38 mm. For squat bowls with integral trap, depth of trap seal shall not be less than 6 mm.
5.10Water surface area and trapway diameter
5.10.1Water closets
A water closet bowl shall have a minimum water surface area of 203 mm x 178 mm and the trapway shall pass a 38 mm minimum diameter solid ball except where lesser or greater water surfaces or larger diameter ball sizes are specified for certain fixture types in Annex A.1.2. However, for low water consumption water closet, it shall have a minimum water surface area of 127 mm x 95 mm and the trapway shall pass a 38 mm minimum diameter solid ball.