Name______Date ______Hour______

Unit 3- Cell Transport Test Review

  1. Create a Venn diagram to compare and contrast diffusion and osmosis

Or

Write several sentences and discuss how each process and how they are similar and different.

Or

Draw and label a picture of each to show how they are similar and different

Make sure that you address particle movement, the type of particle, energy requirements, etc.

DIFFUSIONBOTH OSMOSIS

  1. Create a Venn diagram to compare and contrast active transport and passive transport

Or

Write several sentences and discuss how each process and how they are similar and different.

Or

Draw and label a picture of each to show how they are similar and different

Make sure to include energy requirements, types, examples, etc.

ACTIVE BOTH PASSIVE

  1. a) Label the following parts: Fatty acid chains (lipids), Transport protein, Phosphate group

FATTY ACID

CHAINS

TRANSPORT(LIPIDS)

PROTEINS

PHOSPHATE

GROUP

b) What is the job of membrane proteins?

  • To help/assist molecules’ movement across the plasma membrane. (In and Out)
  1. How does the plasma membrane maintain homeostasis within the cell? Use the term “selectively permeable” in your answer or show the concept of selective permeability through a diagram.
  • The plasma membrane is selectively permeable in that it allows certain substances through and not others.
  • Water can move freely through osmosis whereas salts(solutes) and other molecules can’t do so.
  • It is through this selection that the cell membrane regulates what enters and exits, thereby maintaining an internal balance – Homeostasis.
  1. What are the kidneys’ roles in maintaining homeostasis for the entire human body?
  • The kidneys help to maintain a salt and water balance throughout the body.
  1. If a person has a high concentration of glucose in their blood, some of the glucose can diffuse into the urine. What common disorder can cause this? __DIABETES______
  1. What are some indicators of kidney failure/disease/dysfunction? (think of what you might find in the urine)
  • Finding protein in the urine is abnormal – meaning there are holes large enough for proteins to fit through and this indicates that the filters are broken and kidneys are failing.
  1. When kidneys make urine, they have to move salts and other wastes from the Filtrate into the Urine where there is already a higher concentration of salts and wastes. Which process does the kidney use to make this possible? How do you know?
  • Active transport because it is moving salts from low concentration (filtrate) to high concentration (urine).
  1. Some cells need to have a higher concentration of a certain ion or molecule inside the cell then outside the cell. This happens in the liver because it contains a high glucose concentration and more keeps getting pumped in for storage. This requires energy to keep the ions or molecules moving against their concentration gradient.What type of transport goes against the concentration gradient (from low to high)? Active Transport______
  2. Draw an animal cell in a solution of pure water. Draw arrows to show the movement of water.

Where are the dissolved substances (solutes) more concentrated at first?

___Inside the cell______

What kind of transport is this? _Passive______Specific type? _Osmosis___

What can happen to the cell if it remains in pure water?

___It will swell up and burst______

What would happen ifthis was a plant cell, why? _The vacuole will swell up_

_to be large but the cell wall will prevent the cell from bursting._____

  1. Now draw the animal cell in a very salty solution (50% salt). Draw arrows to show the movement of water.

Where are the dissolved substances (solutes) more concentrated at first?

_Outside the cell (In the solution)______

What kind of transport is this? _Passive______Specific type? __Osmosis__

What happens to the cell? _The cell will shrivel and get smaller.______

  1. Draw how a single-celled amoeba might engulf (eat) a paramecium. Make sure to show the vacuole being formed and cell membrane not breaking.What is this called? _ENDOCYTOSIS______

Is this active or passive transport? __ACTIVE______

Is energy required? __YES______

  1. What is the difference between endocytosis and exocytosis?
  • Both are active transport, require energy, and move things from low to high.
  • Endocytosis – process of taking things into the cell (glucose, proteins, etc.)
  • Exocytosis – process of giving off/releasing things out of the cell (wastes, etc.)

Dissolved substance
(solute) / Inside the cell / Outside the cell
Sodium concentration / 0.1 M / 0.2M
Sugar count / 80 mg / 100 mg

Use the chart to answer questions 15-18.

  1. If sodium is moving from outside of the cell to inside of the cell, than it is _Passive_____ transport and it requires _No Energy______.
  1. If sodium is moving from inside of the cell to outside of the cell, than it is _Active______transport and it requires _Energy______.
  1. Would water move into/out of your cell if the sodium (salt) concentration was as it is listed in the chart? Why?
  • Water would move out because sodium is higher (high solutes) in the solution making it a hypertonic solution.
  1. Create a box chart with a description to show active transport or draw a picture to illustrate what is occurring.

HIGH

Requires endocytosis to

move solutes into the cell-

Energy RequiredORactive transport – Energy

Required!

LOW

  1. Why would it not be a good idea to store your vegetables in salt water?
  • Salt water has a high concentration of solute so low water concentration meaning that the water is moving out of the cells in the vegetable through osmosis. The vegetables would dry out over time.
  1. If a doctor gives an injection to a patient, why would it be important for that injection to match the concentration of substances within the patient’s blood? What would happen if the injection was too watery or too salty?
  • If the injection was not equal concentration it could destroy the cell.
  • Too watery – cells would swell up and burst.
  • Too salty – cells would shrink from water loss and die.

MULTIPLE CHOICE: Circle the answer(s) that best completes the sentence.

  1. The substance that dissolves to make a solution is called the _C. SOLUTE______
  2. diffuser
  3. solvent
  4. solute
  5. concentrate
  1. During diffusion molecules tend to move _B. down the concentration gradient (high to low)____
  2. up the concentration gradient (low to high)
  3. down the concentration gradient (high to low)
  4. from an area of lower concentration to an area of higher concentration
  5. in a direction that doesn’t depend on concentration
  1. Endocytosis and exocytosis are all kinds of _A. active______transport.
  1. active
  2. passive
  1. _B. active______transport requires energy from ATP to move substances across membranes.
  2. Passive
  3. Active
  1. A cell must use energy to transport substances using _D. endocytosis______.
  1. diffusion
  2. passive transport
  3. osmosis
  4. endocytosis
  1. White blood cells would engulf, digest, and destroy invading bacteria using __C. endocytosis______.
  2. diffusion
  3. exocytosis
  4. endocytosis
  5. osmosis
  1. All of the following are kinds of passive transport EXCEPT _C. exocytosis______
  2. diffusion
  3. osmosis
  4. exocytosis
  1. Placing an animal cell in water it will cause water to __A. move into the cell______.
  1. move into the cell
  2. move out of the cell
  3. stay outside the cell
  1. What are the three types of passive transport? Briefly describe each.
  1. Diffusion – Movement of any particle from high to low.
  2. Osmosis – Movement of only water from high to low across a selectively permeable membrane.
  3. Facilitated Diffusion – Uses channel proteins to allow diffusion to take place.(Can’t occur without channel proteins)

High H2O

Low Solute / Low H2O

High Solute
Low H2O
High Solute / High H2O
Low Solute
  1. Draw arrows to show the movement of water in the boxes 
  1. Givea real-life reason why a particular cell might need to go through endocytosis?
  • White blood cells engulf foreign invaders. Too large to pass through and they need to take them in to destroy them before they cause harm.

Is this active or passive transport? _Active______Is energy required? _Yes______

  1. Explain a real-life reason why a particular cell might need to go through exocytosis?
  • To eliminate waste products. If there is too much of something in the cell it can remove it through exocytosis.

Is this active or passive transport? _Active______Is energy required? _Yes______

  1. List the organs involved in the urinary system and the correct ordered pathway to creating urine.

Kidneys Ureters Urinary Bladder Urethra

  1. What are the functions of the four major organs of the urinary system?
  1. Kidneys – Filter the blood of wastes, toxins, medications, etc.
  1. Ureters – Transport urine from kidney to bladder.
  1. Urinary Bladder – Collects and stores urine.
  1. Urethra – Exit tube for urine.