GEOLOGY PRACTICE MIDTERM QUESTIONS- this is NOT everything on the exam!
MINING/MINERALS
1.Which mineral will fizz with hydrochloric acid?
2. What is the most dangerous type of mining?
3. Describe solution mining.
4. Why is sand not considered a mineral?
5. A dull luster is officially which type of luster?
6. If you can scratch a mineral with your fingernail, its hardness is?
7. If a mineral breaks in cubes, its cleavage direction is?
8. Silicate minerals are so common because ______
9. A proposed pit has a total volume of 4,500,000 m3. The ore grade is 60%, and the ore mineral is magnetite (Density=5.2 mT/m3). What is the mass of magnetite?
10. Is sand a mineral? Why or why not?
which silicate structure is seen in this picture?
GEMS
11. Which is better an E or D colored diamond? (what do the letters stand for?)
What color is a D diamond? What color is a G diamond?
12. Which is better a VS or an SI diamond? What does this refer to?
13. Identify the following gems: ruby, emerald, peridot, sapphire, topaz
14. If a gem weighs 1.4 cts. How many grams is this?
15. If a gold chain is stamped 12K how much gold does it contain?
IGNEOUS ROCKS AND VOLCANOES
16. The _____ the cooling rate the ______the crystal size.
17. Ash flows come from this type of volcano.
18. What type of plate boundary do composite volcanoes form near?
Give an example of this type of volcano-
19. Volcanoes high in silica are this type.
20. Name a rock that would form in a mafic batholith.
21.
The ovals above are islands formed by a hot spot. Which direction did the plate move?
22. A steeped sloped volcano that is made of scoria is this type of volcano.
23. Rhyolite and pumice come from which type of volcano?
24. The first mineral to form from a melt is ______
25. A silica poor, iron rich, fine grained volcanic rock is ______
26. Rhyolite lava has ______viscosity and cause ______eruptions.
Label the igneous structures
Draw a crystal that cools from a melt. Include where the sodium rich and calcium rich minerals will be located.
SEDIMENTARY ROCKS
27. Sandstone with cross bedding was formed in this environment.
28. What type of sed. Rock forms in an alluvial fan?
29. A reef would create this type of sedimentary rock.
30. Diagram a column of sediments that resulted from a transgression
31. What has to happen for an igneous rock to become a sedimentary rock?
32.Which litihification process creates limestone?
Which lithification process creates sandstone?
33. How do deep water ripple marks differ from shallow water ripple marks?
Draw a diagram for each type:
METAMORPHIC ROCKS
34. Pressure creates this in metamorphic rocks
35. How does heat change a rock?
36. What has to happen for a metamorphic rock to turn into an igneous rock?
37. How does contact metamorphism occur?
38. Where does regional metamorphism occur?
39. list the following rocks from least metamorphism to most:
Gneiss, slate, schist, phyllite
Metamorphosed sandstone is called ______
WEATHERING
40. Give an example of dissolution. Rock type?
41. Rusting is this type of chemical weathering.
42. Which climate has a high amount of chemical weathering but little physical weathering?
43. Which soil is best for plants?
44. Chemical weathering predominates in which climate?
45. Feldspars weather into clay by this type of weathering ______
46. Most caves form from this weathering process ______
If a sample has 45% silt, 30% sand and 25% clay, which type of soil is it?
MASS MOVEMENT
47. What is the main cause of mass movement?
48. What does slump look like?
GEOLOGIC TIME
49. What animal dominated during the Mesozoic?
50 . When did the “Great Dying” occur?
What caused it?
51. How old is Earth?