Name ______Date ______Period ______

Life Science Marking Period 2 Exam Study Guide

Topic/Textbook: Bacteria to Plants

Exam Format: 32 multiple choice, 2 open-ended

The Scientific Method (pgs. 186-187)

1. Controlled experiment: ______

2. Independent Variable: ______

3. Dependent Variable: ______

4. Hypothesis: ______

Mendel’s Work Cell Textbook (pgs. 80 – 85)

5. Traits: ______

6. Heredity: ______

7. Genetics: ______

9. The factors that control traits are called ______.

10. The different forms of a gene are called ______.

11. A ______allele is one whose trait always shows up in the organism when it is present.

12. A ______allele is masked whenever a dominant allele is present.

Probability and Genetics Cell Textbook (pgs. 88 – 93)

13. ______is the likelihood that a particular event will occur.

14. If you flip a coin what is the probability that it will land heads up? ______

15. An organism’s genetic makeup, or specific allele combination, is called its ______.

16. An organism’s visible physical traits are called its ______.

17. An organism that has two identical alleles for a trait is ______.

18. An organism that has two different alleles for a trait is ______.

19. In ______, neither allele is dominant or recessive.

20. Create a Punnett square crossing a homozygous person with dimples and a person without dimples. Dimples are dominant.

a. Is the parent without dimples heterozygous? ______

b. What percent of the offspring will have dimples? ______

c. What percent of the offspring will be homozygous? ______

d. What is the genotype for offspring 1? ______

e. What is the phenotype for offspring 1? ______

Living Things (pgs. 16-23)

21. Define organism: ______

22. 6 characteristics of all living things: ______

______

23. 4 needs of all living things: ______

24. The process of producing offspring that are similar to the parents is called ______.

25. Explain the difference between unicellular organisms and multicellular organisms. Give an example of each. ______

26. Explain the difference between autotrophs and heterotrophs. Give an example of each. ______

Classifying Organisms (pgs. 28-37)

27. The scientific study of how living things are classified is called ______.

28. Describe the contributions of each of the following scientists to taxonomy:

a. Aristotle: ______

b. Carolus Linnaeus: ______c. Darwin: ______

29. 7 levels of biological classification from broadest to most specific:

  1. ______
  2. ______
  3. ______
  4. ______
  5. ______
  6. ______
  7. ______

30. An organism’s scientific (binomial) name consists of its ______& ______.

The Six Kingdoms (pgs. 40-42)

31. The 6 Kingdoms:

  1. ______
  2. ______
  3. ______
  4. ______
  5. ______
  6. ______

32. Explain the difference between prokaryotes and eukaryotes. Give an example of each. ______

Viruses (pgs. 48-54)

34. 2 basic parts of a virus: ______

35. Explain the difference between an active virus and a hidden virus. ______

Bacteria (pgs. 56-65)

36. 2 bacteria kingdoms: ______

37. 2 characteristics of all bacteria: ______

38. 2 methods of bacteria reproduction: ______

Protists (pgs. 80-89)

39. 2 characteristics of all protists: ______

40. Complete the following table with information about protists:

Type of Protist / Also Known As… / Shared Characteristics / Examples
Animal-like / ______/ 1. ______
2. ______
3. ______/ Sarcodine: ______
Ciliate: ______
Zooflagellate: ______
Sporozoan: ______
Plant-like / ______/ 1. ______/ 1. ______
2. ______
3. ______
4. ______
41. Draw an amoeba using the diagram on p. 82. Label the 6 structures shown. / 42. Draw a paramecium using the diagram on p. 83. Label the 9 structures shown.

43. Give the function of the following protist cell structures:

a. Pseudopod: ______

b. Cilia: ______

c. Oral Groove: ______

d. Food Vacuole: ______

e. Contractile Vacuole: ______

44. Draw a Euglena using the illustration on p.87. Label the 6 structures shown. / Give the function of the following:
44. Chloroplast: ______
45. Flagellum: ______
46. Eyespot: ______
47. Euglena is a ______-like protist.

Fungi (pgs. 95-104)

48. 4 characteristics of all fungi: ______

49. Sketch a mushroom in the space below (refer to the diagram on p. 96). Label the cap, gills, stalk, hyphae.

50. Explain using 3 steps how fungi get food:

1) ______

2) ______

3) ______

51. Ways Fungi are helpful
1) ______
2) ______
3) ______
4) ______/ 52. Ways Fungi are harmful
1) ______
2) ______
3) ______

Plants (pgs. 110-161)

53. 5 characteristics of all plants: ______

______

54. The green pigment that allows plants to carry out photosynthesis is called ______.

55. The 3 raw materials required for a plant to carry out photosynthesis are:

______

56. The 2 products of photosynthesis are: ______

57. 3 non-vascular plants are: ______

58. 3 characteristics of non-vascular plants: ______

59. 4 characteristics of ferns: ______

60. 3 characteristics of seed plants: ______

61. Vascular tissue that transports food from the leaves to other parts of the plant: ______

62. Vascular tissue that transports water and nutrients throughout the plant: ______

63. 3 functions of leaves: ______

64. 2 functions of roots: ______

65. ______is the earliest stage of plant development and begins when the seed absorbs water.

66. Draw a seed using the illustrations on p.142. Label the seed coat, embryo, and cotyledon. / Give the function of each of the following:
67. Seed Coat : ______
______
68. Embryo: ______
______
69. Cotyledon:______
______

70. 2 characteristics of gymnosperms: ______

71. All angiosperms produce ______& ______.

72. Draw a flower using the illustration on p. 157. Label the stamen, anther, filament, stigma, style, ovary, pistil, petal, and sepal. / 73. Name the male reproductive parts of a flower.
______
______
______
74. Name the female reproductive parts of a flower.
______
______
______
75. Why do many flowers have colorful petals?
______
______
______