AP US HISTORY
World War II and the Cold War Review

  1. Franklin Roosevelt embarked on the Good Neighbor Policy in part because
  2. There was a rising tide of anti-Americanism in Latin America.
  3. Congress had repeated the Monroe Doctrine.
  4. He feared the spread of communism in the region.
  5. The policy was part of the neutrality stance taken by the U.S.
  6. He was eager to enlist Latin American allies to defend the Western Hemisphere against dictators.
  7. As part of his Good Neighbor Policy toward Latin America, President Roosevelt developed more generous policies of
  8. Encouraging Mexican immigration into the U.S.
  9. Removing American controls on Haiti, Cuba, and Panama.
  10. Latin American strongmen in Argentina and Brazil.
  11. Returning the Guantanamo naval base to Cuban control.
  12. Moving Puerto Rico toward its independence.
  13. Throughout most of the 1930s, the American people responded to the aggressive actions of Germany, Italy, and Japan by
  14. Assisting their victims with military aid.
  15. Giving only economic help to the targets of aggression.
  16. Beginning to build up their military forces.
  17. Demanding an oil embargo on all warring nations.
  18. Retreating further into isolation.
  19. Passage of the Neutrality Acts of 1935, 1936, and 1937 by the United States resulted in all of the following except
  20. Abandonment of the traditional policy of freedom of the seas.
  21. A decline in the navy and other armed forces.
  22. Making no distinction whatever between aggressors and victims.
  23. Spurring aggressors along their path of conquest.
  24. Balancing the scales between dictators and U.S. allies by trading with neither.
  25. The Neutrality Acts of 1935, 1936, and 1937 stipulated that when the president proclaimed the existence of a foreign war
  26. Americans would be prohibited from sailing on the ships of the warring nations.
  27. America would sell arms and war materials only to the victim of the aggression.
  28. American bankers would be allowed to make loans to only one of the warring nations.
  29. The United States intended to uphold the tradition of freedom of the seas.
  30. U.S. diplomats and civilians would be withdrawn from both warring nations.
  1. From 1925 to 1940 the transition of American policy on arms sales to warring nations followed this sequence.
  2. Embargo to lend-lease to cash-and-carry.
  3. Cash-and-carry to lend-lease to embargo.
  4. Lend-lease to cash-and-carry to embargo.
  5. Embargo to cash-and-carry to lend-lease.
  6. Lend-lease to embargo to cash-and-carry.
  7. Americas neutrality during the Spanish Civil War of1936-1939 allowed
  8. Hitler to conquer Spain
  9. The Loyalists to win the war.
  10. Roosevelt and Franco to become personal friends.
  11. The Soviets to aid the Spanish republic.
  12. Spain to become a fascist dictatorship.
  13. In 1938 the British and French bought peace with Hitler at the Munich Conference by effectively handing over the nation of
  14. Poland.
  15. Danzig
  16. Austria
  17. Belgium
  18. Czechoslovakia
  19. The immediate response of most Americans to the rise of the fascist dictators Mussolini and Hitler was
  20. A call for a new military alliance to contain aggression.
  21. A focus on political cooperation with Britain and the Soviet Union.
  22. Support for the Spanish government against fascist rebels.
  23. A deeper commitment to remain isolated from European problems.
  24. The neutrality acts of 1935, 1936, and 1937 provided that
  25. The United States would remain neutral in any war between Britain and Germany.
  26. Americans could not sail on belligerent ships, sell munitions, or make loans to nations at war.
  27. No belligerent could conduct propaganda campaigns, sell goods, or make loans within the United States.
  28. The United States would take the lead in neutral efforts to end the wars in China and Ethiopia.
  29. The “cash-and-carry” neutrality act of 1939 was cleverly designed to
  30. Guarantee that American policy would not benefit either side in World War II.
  31. Enable American merchants to provide loans and ships to the allies.
  32. Prepare America for involvement in the war.
  33. Help Britain and France by letting them buy supplies and munitions in the United States.
  1. The American conquest of Guam and other islands in the Marianas in 1944 was especially important because
  2. It halted Japanese advance in the Pacific.
  3. It made possible round-the-clock bombing of Japan from land bases.
  4. It paved the way for the American reconquest of the Philippines.
  5. It indicated that the Japanese would surrender without an invasion of the home island.
  6. Once at war, Americas first great challenge was to
  7. Pass a conscription law.
  8. Raise an army and navy.
  9. Extend aid to the Soviet Union.
  10. Develop atomic weapons.
  11. Retool its industry for all-out war production.
  12. Japanese Americans were placed in concentration camps during World War II
  13. Due to numerous acts of sabotage.
  14. In retaliation for the placement of Americans in concentration camps by the Japanese.
  15. As a result of anti-Japanese prejudice and fear.
  16. Because many were loyal to Japan.
  17. All of the above.
  18. African Americans did all of the following during World War II except
  19. Fight in integrated combat units.
  20. Rally behind the slogan “Double V”
  21. Move north and west in large numbers.
  22. Form a militant organization called the Congress of Racial Equality.
  23. Serve in the Army Air Corps.
  24. By the end of WWII, the heart of the United States’ African-American community had shifted to
  25. Florida and the Carolinas.
  26. Southern cities.
  27. The Pacific Northwest.
  28. Midwestern small towns.
  29. Northern cities.
  30. The first naval battle in history in which all of the following was done by carrier-based aircraft was the Battle of
  31. Leyte Gulf.
  32. The JavaSea.
  33. The Coral Sea.
  34. Midway.
  35. Iwo Jima.
  36. The tide of the Japanese conquest in the Pacific was turned following the Battle of
  37. Leyte Gulf.
  38. Bataan and Corregidor.
  39. The Coral Sea.
  40. Midway.
  41. Guadalcanal.
  42. In waging war against Japan, the U.S. relied mainly on a strategy of
  43. Heavy bombing from Chinese air bases.
  44. Invading Japanese strongholds in Southeast Asia.
  45. Fortifying China by transporting supplies from India over the Himalayan “hump.”
  46. “island hopping” across the South Pacific while bypassing Japanese strongholds.
  47. Turning the Japanese flanks in New Guinea and Alaska.
  48. Arrange these events in chronological order: (A) VJ Day, (B) VE Day, (C) D-Day, (D) Invasion of Italy.
  49. DCBAd. CADB
  50. ACBDe. ADBC
  51. BDAC
  52. The Potsdam Conference
  53. Determined the fate of Eastern Europe.
  54. Brought France and China in as part of the “Big Five.”
  55. Concluded that the Soviet Union would enter the war in the Pacific.
  56. Was Franklin Roosevelt’s last meeting with Churchill and Stalin.
  57. Issued an ultimatum to Japan to surrender or be destroyed.
  58. The origins of the Cold War lay in a fundamental disagreement between the U.S. and the Soviet Union over postwar arrangements in
  59. North Africa.d. The Third World.
  60. East Asia.e. Eastern Europe.
  61. The Middle East.
  62. When the Soviet Union denied the U.S., Britain, and France access to Berlin in 1948, President Truman responded by
  63. Asking the UN to intervene.
  64. Denying the Soviets access to West Germany.
  65. Declaring that an “iron curtain” had descended across Central Europe.
  66. Organizing a gigantic airlift of supplies to Berlin.
  67. Sending an armed convoy to Berlin.
  68. The immediate crisis that prompted the announcement of the Truman Doctrine was related to the threat of a communist takeover in
  69. Iran.d. Czechoslovakia.
  70. Greece and Turkey.e. Berlin.
  71. Communist China.
  72. Under the Truman Doctrine, the U.S. pledged to
  73. Refrain from polarizing the world into pro-Soviet and pro-American camps.
  74. Maintain prosperity in America after WWII.
  75. Give very limited assistance to nations fighting communism.
  76. Support those who were resisting subjugation by communists.
  77. Work to liberate the “captive nations” of Eastern Europe.
  78. President Truman’s Marshall Plan called for
  79. Military supplies for Britain and France.
  80. Substantial financial assistance to rebuild Western Europe.
  81. Economic aid for Japan.
  82. Foreign aid for Third World countries to resist communism.
  83. An alliance to contain the Soviet Union.
  84. Which of the following was not part of the Atlantic Charter?
  85. Disavowal of territorial expansion.
  86. Endorsement of free trade.
  87. A call for an end to the communist threat.
  88. A pledge to cooperate in the creation of world organization to ensure “general security.”
  89. To retaliate against Japan as soon as possible.
  90. Which of the following is true of the Holocaust?
  91. Only Jews were persecuted by the Germans.
  92. No one outside of Germany knew about the death camps until after the war ended.
  93. The U.S. and its allies turned away Jewish refugees who could have been saved from the camps.
  94. Roughly 500,000 people died in the Nazi concentration camps.
  95. As the Allies began to enter Europe and close in on concentration camps, German forces fled to remove their connection to the camps.
  96. In China, the U.S. supported Jiang Jieshi instead of Mao Zedong because
  97. Jieshi was a capitalist, whereas Zedong was a communist.
  98. Jieshi’s government was honest, competent, and democratic.
  99. The Chinese peasants supported Jieshi.
  100. Jieshi’s troops were determined and effective in fighting the Japanese.
  101. Jieshi publicly denounced Hitler and his use of death camps.
  102. Harry Truman’s motives for using the atomic bomb against Japan included which of the following?
  103. He hated the Japanese and wanted to totally destroy them.
  104. He wanted to end the war quickly to save American lives.
  105. He did not realize that civilians would be killed.
  106. Intelligence reports indicated that the Japanese were close to completing an atomic bomb of their own.
  107. Though allies, he wanted to remind the Soviet Union of U.S. power by demonstrating the destruction of the atomic bomb.
  108. The North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO)
  109. Established European free trade zone.
  110. Continued the traditional U.S. policy of non-entanglement.
  111. Obligated members to defend each other in case of outside attack.
  112. Ended when the Cold War ended.
  113. All of the above.
  1. Nikita Khrushchev
  2. Was the Soviet leader who built the Berlin Wall and put nuclear silos in Cuba.
  3. Greatly admired John F. Kennedy and personally attended Kennedy’s funeral.
  4. Refused to meet with any U.S. leaders and cut off diplomatic relations with the U.S.
  5. Was the first Russian leader to be educated in the West and to be fluent in English.
  6. Agreed to invade West Berlin and West Germany as a result of the Yalta Conference.