McGee P. 1994 Educational issues in transcultural nursing British Journal of Nursing Vol 3, No 21, p.113-116
Advocates a number of different approaches to transcultural education but suggests that a combination of approaches are probably best. It describes the use of specific modules which may be optional or compulsory but also full modules or as short courses which may be more useful for post-basic education. An integrated approach may be desirable but depends on the understanding and commitment of all teachers .
There is also benefit to be gained by learning from colleagues from other cultures or indeed from living in another culture fo various oeriods of time
Papadopoulos I., Alleyne J., Tilki M. 1994 Promoting transcultural care in a college of health studies British Journal of Nursing Vol.3, No. 21, p.116-118
The key points of this article include the need to promote and teach principles of transcultural care within all relationships within the school. It should be reflected in the organisational ethos, the thinking which underpins the curriculum, and the way that it is structured and taught. Curricular themes are seen to include transcultural issues some in more depth than others.
Tilki M., Papadopoulos I., Alleyne J. 1994 learning from colleagues of different cultures British Journal of Nursing Vol. 3, No. 21, p. 118-123
This article looks at the skills, knowledge and experience of minority ethnic nurses and considered how these may complement other ways of learning transcultural care. It makes the point of the difficulty nurses have of being aware of their own cultural beliefs and how these influence their caring. The problem of treating all minority ethnic clients homogeneously is also considered.
Anderson, K.L. 2004 Teaching cultural competence using exemplar from literary journalism Journal of Nursing Education Vol. 43, No. 6 p. 253-9.
Suggests that students can begin the process of becoming culturally competent through the creative use of literature in nursing education. It uses a particular book and then asks students to write several short assignments.
Walsh L. V., De-Joseph J. 2001 ‘I saw it in a different light’; International learning experiences in baccalaureate nursing education Journal of Nursing Education Vol. 42, No. 6 p. 256-272.
Very typical US method of gaining experience of living with other cultures. Detailed research study carried out on the experiences of 10 students and 2 faculty in Guatemala. Data gathered from journals and interviews identified 3 themes a) being ‘other’; b) ‘I was already a nurse’; c) Expanding my world view
Shearer R. Davidhizar R. 2003 Using role play to develop cultural competence Journal of Nursing Education Vol. 42, No. 6, P. 273-6
Testing behaviours as both care givers and care receivers in a culturally safe environment. The need to use exploration and analysis to benefit from the experience is emphasised
Blackford J. Street A. 1999 Problem-based learning: an educational strategy to support nurses working in a multicultural community Nurse Education Today Vol. 19, p. 364-372
A project carried out in Melbourne, Australia to test packages to enhance the practice of nurses caring for children and families from non-English speaking backgrounds. Provided a one day workshop together with learning resources in terms of literature, posters, etc.
Campinha-Bacote J. Yahle T., Langenkamp, M. 1996 The Challenge of cultural diversity for nurse educators The Journal of Continuing Education in Nursing Vol. 27, No. 2, p.59-64
Uses the author’s model to create and implement a 4 session cultural diversity programme in a rural hospital setting Uses some interesting experiential activities but stresses the need for culturally competent facilitators.
Gebru K. Willman A. 2003 A research-based didactic model for education to promote culturally competent nursing care in Sweden Journal of Transcultural Nursing Vol14, No. 1, p. 55-61