CANADIAN STEERING COMMITTEE ON NUMBERING CONTRIBUTION C
TIF 54
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Source:David H. Bench, NCE
Nortel Networks
4008 E. Chapel Hill Nelson Hwy
Mail Stop D15-00-0B6
Research Triangle Park, NC 27709
Tel: 919 991-7362
Fax: 919 997-3190
E-Mail:
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Contribution Title: Further Text for TIF 54
Abstract: This document proposes further text to resolve TIF 54.
Date:April 5, 2004
Distribution To:CSCN Participants
NOTICE:
This contribution has been prepared by Nortel Networks and to assist the CSCN in resolving TIF 54. This contribution supersedes the earlier Nortel contribution on this issue. This document is offered to the CSCN as a basis for discussion and is not a binding proposal on Nortel Networks.
1 SCOPE AND OVERVIEW
This technical document defines a Standard that specifies the format and values of telephone numbers in the Canadian portion of the North American Numbering Plan (NANP). It further defines the other telephone industry uses of numbers and describes these uses in relation to the Canadian National Dialing Plan.
The purpose of this document is to consolidate the information contained in earlier industry documents into a single source standard document that can be used by the industry to evolve the NANP. Further, this document can be a single reference for industry and regulatory comments in regards to numbering issues.
2 Introduction
2.1 International Numbering Standards and Conventions
The International Telephone Union (ITU), headquartered in Geneva, Switzerland is an international organization within the United Nations System where governments and the private sector coordinate global telecom networks and services. The ITU is the leading publisher of telecommunication technology, regulatory and standards information
Canada follows international standards and is compliant with the ITU Recommendation E.164 “Public Telecommunications Numbering Plan” (See TABLE 1 in the Appendix). This is essential for participation in International Direct Distance Dialing (IDDD).
Canadian compliance to ITU E.164 is contained in the Appendix, Table 2.
3 Historical References and Perspectives
3.1 NANP Responsibilities
AT&T was responsible for the development and evolution of the numbering portion of the NANP from its inception in 1947 until the breakup of AT&T (MFJ) on January 1, 1984. The NANP was then coordinated by Bell Communications Research Corporation (Bellcore), on behalf of the Regional Bell Operating Companies (RBOC), from 1984 until the enactment of the Telecommunications Act of 1996 (TA-96). In this time period, Bellcore had the responsibility for the evolution of the NANP.
Since 1996, responsibilities for the technical definition and uses of NANP resources, has been delegated to the Alliance for Telecommunications Industry Solutions’ (ATIS) Industry Numbering Committee (INC).
In addition, Section 251(e) of the Communications Act of 1934 (Communications Act), as amended by TA-96, grants the FCC plenary jurisdiction over the NANP and related telephone numbering issues in the United States.
3.2 Historical NANP Evolution
- 1947 Original NANP Format and Values = N (0 or 1)[1] X – NNX – XXXX where N = digits 2 through 9 and X = any digit of 0 through 9. The NNX portion of this plan consisted of 2-letters and 1-number. The 2-letters were the first 2-letters of the exchange name. (ex. BEachwood 4 was BE 4)
- 1958 All Number Calling where the NNX was listed as all numbers rather than 2-letters and 1-number.
- 1975 Change in CO Code Format and Values = N (0 or 1) X – NXX – XXXX
- 1994 Change in NPA Format and Values = NXX – NXX – XXXX
4 Definition of a Telephone Number Used in Canada
4.1 Canadian Telephone Number Format and Values:
The numbering plan used in Canada, and the other 18 nations served by Country Code 1, is known as the North American Numbering Plan (NANP[2]). The telephone numbering address is a ten digit number that consists of the following three basic parts:
1)A 3-digit Numbering Plan Area (NPA) code, commonly called the area code
2)A 3-digit central office (CO) code. The term central office, or CO, code is used in this document because of its long standing use. In this application CO means the servicing end office that provides dial tone to the subscriber
3)A 4-digit station number (Access line number)
The format of a NANP Number is NXX-NXX-XXXX[3]where N = digits 2 through 9 and X = any digit of 0 through 9.
Therefore:
A Canadian telephone number is a ten digit number that contains two 3-digit codes and a 4-digit station number. The values of NANP telephone numbers are the decimal digits 0 through 9. The written and printed representation of a NANP number should be NXX-NXX-XXXX. This will prevent confusion with any other communications system that utilizes a numbering scheme.
All other numbers, used by telephone systems, fall in the category of prefixes or access codes. All of the numbers, access codes and prefixes comprise the Canadian National Dialing Plan found in Table 7 of the Appendix.
Some regulatory and industry documents erroneouslydefine telephone numbers and line numbers as being synonymous. Line numbers are associated with the physical line equipment that connects a wireline customer to a wireline switch. Most stored program controlled switching systems can associate multiple numbers with a single line. They can also associate multiple lines to a single number.
5 Prefixes and Access Codes
The industry has always employed prefixes and access codes to access certain capabilities or call types. The most common prefixes are the digit 1 preceding a sent paid toll call and the digit 0 which precedes an operator handled toll call. The current list of commonly used wireline prefixes and access codes is contained in TABLE 4 in the Appendix. Prefixes are usually deleted or used in the originating switch before the called digits are forwarded. This was not always the case in some rural areas.
Even though the Wireless Industry utilizes NANP numbering resources, it does not always use standard prefixes or access codes. The wireless industry also has other numbering requirements, separate from the number associated with the wireless subscriber. Most of these requirements are necessitated by wireless roaming and access to emergency services via 9-1-1 (See TABLE 6 in the Appendix).
5.1 Other Codes: Codes 000-199
The codes, 000-199 are not part of the defined NANP format for either of the first two codes of a NANP number. The codes 000-199 were excluded from the original NANP format and all subsequent redefinitions. The values 0 and 1 in the “A” and “D” digit positions of a NANP number, creates the codes 000-199.
The codes 000-199 are used by the telephone industry for Test Codes, Inward Operator Codes, Special Billing Numbers, Revenue Accounting Office (RAO) Credit Card Numbers and special routing of calls. Various switching systems have software checks that block calls to and from numbers with these values. These software checks were installed to minimize fraud. Operator Services switching systems have software tables to validate credit card calls that utilize these codes. Numbers utilizing the codes 000-199 are not customer dialable.
5.2 Other Codes: Special
In addition, special codes are used by the wireline industry to direct calls to specific call types, features or service providers (See TABLE 3 in the Appendix). These codes are usually listed as prefixes or access codes.
5.3 Other Codes: Star * and Number Sign # [4]
To minimize the amount of confusion experienced by callers using these characters, their use is standardized. It is also important that consistent terminology be known and used when referring to these characters. The (#) and the (*) should be called the number sign and the star, respectively. Use of the terms asterisk for (*) and pound sign for (#) should not be used in documentation dealing with dialing procedures.
Currently, the characters (#) and (*) have the following general applications:
1.) The first use of the number sign (#) is as an end-of-dialing or conclude the present action and proceed to the next action indicator. This end-of-dialing use exists today and avoids a timing period using certain types of switching systems. The conclude-and-proceed use also occurs in some telephone credit card services where the customer wants to indicate that the present call is over and a new call is about to be placed (for example, sequence calling).
2.) The second use of the number sign (#) is as the first character when dialing a call that is a wideband or other data call requiring special treatment. In certain types of data calls, both an initial and concluding (#) may be required. Functionally, this is similar in many respects to the KP + (address) + ST multi-frequency signaling format used by operators.
There are also a number of non-standard uses of the # sign for PIN Number Calling features. The # sign is also used in a number of ancillary equipment attached to the PSTN. An example of this is voice mail.
3.) The first use of the star (*) is as a prefix when dialing a Vertical Service Code (VSC) (for example, call forwarding) of the form *XX(X). In this application, the (*) indicates to the switching system that the digits following specify a certain desired feature/service.
In order to allow rotary dial telephone access to vertical service codes, the digits 11 are translated to simulate the star key in stored program controlled switches.
Vertical Service Codes are classed as numbering resources. They are administered by NANPA.
4.) The second major use of the (*) button is to provide an error correcting function for customer-dialing of various strings on a sequential basis in response to prompting. This could include a customer interactive session with an operator services system when placing automated calling card billed calls. Instead of the customer hanging-up and redialing when detecting a keying error (before the card system detects the keyed error), the caller can simply enter the (*) button to back-up to some pre-established point and redial the segment in which an error was recognized by the caller.
5.4 N11 and N00 Codes
N11 codes have been declared national resources by the U.S. FCC and are assigned by the FCC in the United States and the CRTC in Canada (See TABLE 4 in the Appendix for N11 Codes
N00 codes are classified as Easily Recognized Codes. Their uses are assigned by the Alliance for Telecommunications Industry Solutions’ (ATIS) Industry Numbering Committee (INC). (See TABLE 5 in the Appendix for N00 Codes)
5.5 Carrier Identification Codes (CIC)
Each Interexchange Carrier (IXC) is assigned a four digit CIC by the NANPA. This code is assigned to a subscriber’s line to automatically route a long distance call to the customer’s carrier of choice. In addition, the customer can choose a different carrier by dialing 101XXXX before dialing the long distance call.
5.6 Carrier Access Codes (CAC)
In order to select an IXC, customers can dial an access code that also contains a Carrier Identification Code (CIC) to reach an IXC. The format of this code is 101XXX, where the XXXX is the CIC.
6 Acronyms and Definitions
AT&TAmerican Telephone and Telegraph
ATISAlliance for Telecommunications Industry Solutions
CACCarrier Access Code
CICCarrier Identification Code
CMRSCellular and PCS wireless service
CO CodeCentral Office Code
CRTCCanadian Radio Television and Telecommunications Commission
CSCNCanadian Steering Committee on Numbering
DDDDirect Distance Dialing
FCCUnited States Federal Communications Commission
IDDDInternational Direct Distance Dialing
INCATIS Sponsored Industry Numbering Committee
ITUInternational Telephone Union
IXCInterexchange Carrier
NANCNorth American Numbering Council
NANPNorth American Numbering Plan
NANPANorth American Numbering Plan Administrator
NPANumbering Plan Area (aka, Area Code)
PINPersonal Identification Number
PSTNPublic Switched Telephone Network
RAORevenue Accounting Office
USITAUnited States Independent Telephone Association
(Now called United States Telecom Association)
VSCVertical Service Code
7 Appendix
TABLE 1: STRUCTURE OF THE ITU RECOMMENDATION E.164NUMBER FIELDS:
1 to 3 DigitsMax (15 - n) Digits
National (Significant) Number
Max 15 Digits
International Public Telecommunication
Number for Geographic Areas
Where:
CC = Country Code
NDC = National Destination Code
SN = Subscriber Number
n = the number of digits in the Country Code
TABLE 2: CANADIAN NATIONAL DIALING PLAN ITU E.164 COMPLIANCE:
CC = 1
NDC = Area Code = NXX Format
SN = CO Code plus Station Number = NXX-XXXX format
n = 11 digits
TABLE 3: COMMON WIRELINE CUSTOMER DIALED PREFIXES AND ACCESS CODES FOR ORIGINATING CALLS
PREFIX OR ACCESS CODE / USE OF CODE0 / Telephone Company Operator
0+10 Digits / Person Paid Collect Special (PPCS) Call
00 / Long Distance Carrier Operator
01 / International PPCS Call
011 / International Station to Station Sent Paid (SSSP) Call
1+ / Toll Access for SSSP Calls
*XX (*XXX) / Vertical Service Code Access
11XX (11XXX) / Vertical Service Code Alternate (Permissive) Access
101XXXX / Carrier Access Code (CAC), Feature Group “D”
950XXXX / Carrier Access Code (CAC), Feature Group “B”
TABLE 4: N11 CODES
N11 Code / Assigned Use211 / Community Information
311 / Non-emergency access to government
411 / Directory Assistance
511 / Traffic or Travel Information
611 / Telco Repair Service
711 / Telecommunications Relay Service
811 / Telco Business Office
911 / Emergency
TABLE 5: N00 CODES
N00 Code / Assigned Use200 / Future
300 / Future
400 / Future
500 / Personal Communications Services
600 / Reserved for Canada
700 / IXC Services
800 / Toll Free Number Access
900 / Premium Services
TABLE 6: ADDITIONAL NUMBERING NEEDS OF CMRS SERVICE PROVIDERS[5]
ACRONYM / MEANING / FORMAT / COMMENTSESRD / Emergency Services Routing Digit / 10 digit NANP # NPA-NXX-XXXX or 10 digit Fictitious numbers / Identifies the cell site and sector from which a CMRS E9-1-1 call originates.
ESRK / Emergency Services
Routing Key / 10 digit NANP # NPA-NXX-XXXX or 10 digit Fictitious numbers / In addition to cell site and sector, Also identifies and delivers specific
call data to the appropriate PSAP
IRM / International Roaming
Mobile Identification
number / 1/0-XXX-XXXX / Transitional terminal identifier for international CMRS Roaming
MDN / Mobile
Directory
Number / NPA-NXX-XXXX / CMRS subscriber’s telephone number; same value as MIN; used for terminal identification
MSRN / Mobile Station Routing Number / NPA-NXX-XXXX / A number dynamically assigned on a per call basis to a CMRS roaming subscriber for call setup purposes. This is used for signaling in GSM/UMTS technology
TLDN / Temporary
Local
Directory
Number / NPA-NXX-XXXX / A number dynamically assigned on a per call basis to a CMRS roaming subscriber for call setup purposes This is used for signaling in CDMA/TDMA/AMPS technology.
TABLE 7: CANADIAN NATIONAL DIALING PLAN
DIGITS / FORMAT / CALL TYPE / COMMENTSZero Digits / Seizure (off hook) / Hot Line, Warm Line / Automatic connection to predetermined location
One Digit / 0 / Operator / Connection to LEC Operator
Two Digits / 00 / Operator / Connection to IXC Operator
Three Digits / N11
*XX / Services
Vertical Services / Connection
Activation of service, acknowledgment tone is returned to customer and dial tone is returned.
Four Digits / 11XX
*XXX / Vertical Service from Dial Pulse phone
Vertical Service from a CMRS Phone / Activation of service, acknowledgment tone is returned to customer and dial tone is returned.
Activation of a CMRS service
Seven Digits / NXX-XXXX / Local Call / Call Completion
Ten Digits / NXX-NXX-XXXX / Local Call, where 10 digit local calls are required. / Call Completion
Eleven Digits / 1 NXX-NXX-XXXX
0 NXX-NXX-XXXX / SSSP Call to another NANP location
PPCS Call to another NANP location / Call Completion
Call Completion
Note: These call types are routed differently dependent upon Intra-LATA or Inter-LATA jurisdictions.
Greater Than Eleven Digits / 01 + CC + CC + Number
011 + CC + CC + Number
CC= Country Code and City Code / International PPCS Call
International SSSP Call / Call Completion
Call Completion
Note: These calls can be from 12 to 15 digits plus the Access Code.
[1] The use of the parenthesis in this instance indicates that the central digit of the Area Code could only be a 1 or a 0.
[2] The NANP is the basic numbering scheme for the telecommunications networks located in Anguilla, Antigua, Bahamas, Barbados, British Virgin Islands, Canada, Cayman Islands, Dominica, Dominican Republic, Grenada, Jamaica, Montserrat, St. Kitts & Nevis, St. Lucia, St. Vincent, Turks & Caicos Islands, Trinidad & Tobago, and the United States (including Puerto Rico, the U.S. Virgin Islands, Guam the Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands and American Samoa).
[3] The use of the Area Code is optional in some areas that permit 7 digit local dialing.
[4] AT&T Technical Advisory #3, NPL 81-09-27, Issue 2, December 1, 1981
[5] This table information courtesy of Michele Young Enzweiler, Young Ideas, and Dana Smith, Verizon Wireless