2006 Western Extension, Research, and

Academics Committee 039 Annual Meeting

SAN ANGELO, Texas

May 22 – 23, 2006

Tentative Agenda

MONDAY – Angelo State University Management, Instruction, and Research Center, San Angelo, TX
12:30 / – / 12:40 / Opening and Introductions
12:40 / – / 1:00 / Administrative Advisor report
1:00 / – / 3:00 / WERA039 reports
3:00 / – / 3:20 / Break
3:20 / – / 5:30 / WERA039 reports
6:30 / Dinner, location TBA
TUESDAY – Angelo State University Management, Instruction, and Research Center, San Angelo, TX
8:00 / – / 9:00 / Business Meeting
9:00 / – / 10:00 / WERA039 reports
10:00 / – / 10:15 / Break
10:15 / – / 12 noon / WERA039 reports
12:05 / – / 1:00 / Lunch (provided)
1:00 / – / 3:30 / Special Seminar: “Using livestock and fire to sustain Texas Rangelands” followed by tours of ASU and TAMUS facilities at San Angelo.


Table of Contents

WERA 039 Current and WCC 39 Historical Records of Dates,

Location, and Officers iii

Participants iv

Minutes, WERA 039, May 16-17, 2005 v

Accomplishments and Impacts vii

Participants at the 2005 Meeting viii

WERA039: Coordination of Sheep and Goat Research and Education

Programs in the Western States x

Appendix E: Format for Reporting Projected Participation xiii

Reports 1

Objective 1. Develop ecologically and economically sound land management practices that use the unique harvesting abilities of sheep and goats for: a) managing and sustaining native plant communities; b) controlling invasive, exotic plant species; and c) improving

nutrient cycling and pest management in range and cropping systems 2

the Montana Sheep institute 3

PRESCRIBED SHEEP AND GOAT BROWSING FOR CONTROLLING

CONIFER ENCROACHMENT 6

Joe Skeen Institute for Rangeland Restoration Montana

Fecal NIRS Calibration Trial For spotted Knapweed 8

CONTROLLING BRACHYPODIUM SYLVATICUM BY SHEEP GRAZING 10

MULTI-SPECIES GRAZING AND SINGLE SPECIES GRAZING

ON LEAFY SPURGE INFESTED RANGELAND

(Ten-Year Summary) 12

EFFECTS OF MULTISPECIES GRAZING ON LEAFY SPURGE INFESTED RANGELAND USING TWICE-OVER ROTATION AND

SEASON-LONG GRAZING TREATMENTS (Ten-Year Summary) 14

Objective 2. Develop sheep and goat management strategies that enhance the efficiency for production of high quality, marketable end products by: a) improving biological efficiency through better understanding of environmental and genetic events that influence meat and fiber production; b) identifying unique feedstuffs that enhance the nutritional value of meat; c) utilizing state-of-the-art instrumentation both in the field and in the lab to accurately and rapidly measure important characteristics of wool, mohair, and cashmere; and d) develop animal identification systems that ensure the accurate real-time linking of animals to

lifetime genetic, performance, health, and origin databases. 16

BODY WEIGHT CHANGES AND PRODUCTIVITY OF

EWES GRAZING RANGELANDS IN THE WINTER 17

MSU SHEEP RATION PROGRAM 19

Relationship between ultrasound assessment of potential

carcass merit and weight in targhee Rams 23

Effects of hCG and Progesterone Administered to Ewes Post Breeding on Serum

Concentrations of Progesterone and Estradiol 25

Reproductive Wastage and Lamb Survival of Western White Face

Sheep Grazing Rangelands 26

REDUCED INPUT SHEEP PRODUCTION 27

Effect of Solanum dimidiatum on embryonic loss and neonatal lamb survival

in Rambouillet sheep 29

PREDICTING THE AVERAGE FINENESS OF BULK LINES OF FINE WOOL BY

MEASURING ONE MID-SIDE STAPLE FROM EACH SKIRTED FLEECE IN THE

LINE WITH AN OFDA2000 31

OBJECTIVE 3: . Rapidly and accurately disseminate new information to the producer through: a) development of novel technology transfer platforms; b) hosting field days at

research centers; and, c) organizing on-farm demonstration projects. 34

DISSEMINATING EDUCATIONAL INFORMATION TO INTERMOUNTAIN

SHEEP AND GOAT PRODUCERS THROUGH AN EDUCATIONAL

PARTNERSHIP WITH INDUSTRY 35

Special Seminar: “Using livestock and fire to sustain Texas Rangelands” 36

USING LIVESTOCK AND FIRE TO SUSTAIN TEXAS RANGELANDS 37

A Review of Research Investigating Juniper Herbivory by

oats at the Plant Animal Interface 39

INCREASING CONSUMPTION OF JUNIPER BY GOATS

THROUGH EXPOSURE AT WEANING 40

Participant Publications (2004/2006) 41

WERA 039 Current and WCC 39 Historical Records of

Dates, Location, and Officers

1987 – 2006

Date / Location / Chair / Secretary
5/22-5/23/06 / San Angelo, TX / C. Lupton / M. Salisbury
5/17-5/18/05 / Houston, TX / J. Taylor / C. Lupton
5/17-5/18/04 / Reno, NV / H. Meyer / J. Taylor
6/04-6/07/03 / Hettinger, ND / R. Kott / H. Meyer
5/30-6/01/02 / Bozeman, MT / T. Faller / R. Kott
5/17-5/20/01 / Kerrville, TX / S. Ramsey / T. Faller
6/28-6/30/00(NC 111) / Idaho Falls, ID / D. Holcombe / S. Ramsey
5/20-5/22/99 / Reno, NV / P. Hatfield / D. Holcombe
5/27-5/30/98 / Ruidoso, NM / J. Huston / P. Hatfield
6/25-6/28/97 (NC 111) / Ames, IA / M. Dally / J. Huston
5/16-5/18/96 / Laramie, WY / R. Kott / M. Dally
5/18-5/20/95 / Hopeland, CA / M. Riley / R. Kott
5/19-5/21/94 / San Angelo, TX / T. Ross / M. Riley
5/20-5/22/93 / Bozeman, MT / G. Snowder / T. Ross
5/28-5/30/92 / Reno, NV / V. Thomas / G. Snowder
1/17-1/18/91 (ASI) / Long Beach, CA / ------/ V. Thomas
1990 (ASI) / Pheonix, AZ / ------/ ------
1989 (NC 111) / Corvallis, OR / C. Lupton / ------
1988 / Reno, NV / H. Meyer / C. Lupton
1987 / Reno, NV / ------/ H. Meyer


Participants

ii

Angelo State University

Gil Engdahl

ASU Station #10888

San Angelo, TX 76909

325-942-2027

325-942-2183 FAX

Mike Salisbury

ASU Station # 10888

San Angelo, TX 76909

325-942-2027

325-942-2183 FAX

Brian May

Department of Agriculture

PO Box 10888 ASU Station

San Angelo, TX 76909

325/942-2027 ext. 283

325/942-2183 FAX

Colorado State University

Steve LeValley

Department of Animal Science

Fort Collins, CO 80523

970/491-1321

970/491-5326 FAX

Montana State University

Rodney Kott

Department of Animal and Range Sciences

PO Box 172900

Bozeman, MT 59717-2900

406/994-5602

406/994-5589 FAX

Patrick Hatfield

Department of Animal and Range Sciences

PO Box 172900

Bozeman, MT 59717-2900

406-994-7952

406/994-5589 FAX

New Mexico State University

Tim Ross

Department of Animal and Range Sciences

Las Cruces, NM 88003-0003

505/646-3402

505/646-5441 FAX

North Dakota State University

Tim Faller

Hettinger Research Extension Center

PO Box 1377

Hettinger, ND 58639-1377

701/567-4323

701/567-4327 FAX

Christopher S. Schauer, PhD

Post-Doctoral Research Associate

Hettinger Research Extension Center

Hettinger, ND 58639

(701) 567-4323

(701) 567-4327 FAX

The Ohio State University

Paul S. Kuber

2029 Fyffe Road/122D

Columbus, OH 43210

614/247-8305

Oregon State University

Howard Meyer

Department of Animal Science

112 Withycombe Hall

Corvallis, OR 97331-6702

541/737-1912

541/737-4174 FAX

Jim Thompson

Department of Animal Science

214 Withycombe Hall

Corvallis, OR 97331-6702

541/737-1908

541/737-4174 FAX

Texas A&M University

Christopher J. Lupton

Texas Agricultural Experiment Station

7887 US HWY 87 N

San Angelo, TX 76901-9714

325/653-4576

325/653-4364 FAX

Shawn Ramsey

Department of Animal Science

2471 TAMU

College Station, TX 77843-2471

979/845-7616

979/845-3294 FAX

University of Wyoming

Robert H. Stobart

Animal Science

Dept 3684

1000 E University Ave

Laramie, WY 82071

307/766-5212

307/766-2355 FAX

USDA-Agricultural Research Service

J. Bret Taylor

US Sheep Experiment Station

HC 62 Box 2010

Dubois, ID 83423

208/374-5306

208/374-5582

USDA-ARS/Idaho

Joe Harrison

Utah State University

C. Kim Chapman

Utah State University Extension

Richfield, Utah 84701-2158

435/893-0474

ii

Minutes

Western Extension, Research, and Academic

Coordinating Committee 039 (WERA 039)

May 16 - 17, 2005

Chairperson Bret Taylor called the WERA 039 meeting to order at 12:30 P.M., May 16, 2005 at the La Quinta Inn, Houston, Texas.

Those in attendance were: Dick Battaglia (Administrative Advisor; University of Idaho), Kim Chapman (Utah State University), Erika Campbell (Texas A&M University), Frank Craddock (Texas A&M University), Jackson Dzakuma (Prairie View A&M University), Tim Faller (North Dakota State University), Pat Hatfield (Montana State University), Chris Lupton (Texas A&M University), Howard Meyer (Oregon State University), Larry Miller (Program Leader; USDA-CSREES), Faron Pfeiffer (Texas A&M University), Shawn Ramsey (Texas A&M University), Tim Ross (New Mexico State University), Mike Salisbury (Angelo State University), Bob Stobart (University of Wyoming), Bret Taylor (USDA-ARS, U.S. Sheep Experiment Station), John Walker (Texas A&M University), and Travis Whitney (Texas A&M University).

The tentative agenda was modified slightly and then approved by general consent.

Minutes from the previous meeting (May 17 – 18, 2004) were accepted by general consent.

Chairman Taylor called on Larry Miller to make his presentation on behalf of USDA-CSREES. Dr. Miller’s presentation is included in the 2005 WERA 039 Proceedings booklet (pp 3-5). To the great disappointment of the group, Larry announced his intention to retire in 2006.

Reports were presented from Montana State University, North Dakota State University (Tim Faller also announced his intention to retire before the next WERA 039 meeting), Texas A&M University (new program in nutrition research by Travis Whitney), the U.S. Sheep Experiment Station, New Mexico State University, Angelo State University, Utah State University, and Prairie View A&M University. Summaries of all these reports (except Whitney’s) are contained in the 2005 WERA 039 Proceedings booklet. Chairman Taylor called a recess at 5:45 P.M.

7:00 A.M., 5-17-05. The group departed from the La Quinta Inn in Houston heading to Prairie View A&M University. Upon arrival, delegates were provided with a nice continental breakfast organized by Dr. Dzakuma.

Chairman Taylor called the business meeting to order at 8:15 A.M. and called on our Administrative Advisor to make his comments. Dr. Battaglia discussed the new WERA 039 petition and indicated a few areas that required changing before it would be acceptable to the Western Directors. The modified petition should be submitted before June 15, 2005. He also stressed the importance for each participant to file an Appendix E form so that they can be officially listed as members of the new WERA 039 coordinating committee. He also discussed the necessity for the group to write concise impact statements on a regular basis. These should address the five CSREES goals listed in Dr. Miller’s presentation (slide 14) as well as our own WERA 039 objectives.

Next, Dr. Alfred Parkes (Director, Prairie View A&M University Experiment Station) officially welcomed the group to the Prairie View campus.

Chairman Taylor discussed the possibility of inviting (paid) speakers to future meetings. Locations considered were Denver, Rapid City, and San Angelo. Tim Faller moved that the 2006 meeting be held in Denver, CO. Motion died for lack of second. On behalf of Angelo State University, Mike Salisbury formally invited the group to meet in San Angelo in 2006. Mike Salisbury entered the invitation as a motion and Shawn Ramsey seconded. The group accepted by general consent. Meeting dates will be May 15 and 16, 2006. Following a report from the nomination committee (Tim Faller, Howard Meyer, Shawn Ramsey), Chris Lupton and Mike Salisbury were appointed Chairman and Secretary, respectively, of WERA 039 by general consent.

Dr. Miller encouraged those present to assist Harvey Blackburn and Mike Brown (National Animal Germplasm Program) by volunteering to collect blood samples from sheep and goats for this conservation program.

Chairman Taylor called on the following institutions to make the remaining reports: Oregon State University, University of Wyoming, and Texas A&M University (Frank Craddock).

At this point, Dr. Linda Williams-Willis, Interim Dean and Administrator, Prairie View A&M University Cooperative Extension Program, welcomed the group to the campus.

Reports resumed from Oregon State University, Texas A&M University (John Walker, Erika Campbell and Chris Lupton), University of Wyoming, and Texas A&M University (Shawn Ramsey). Following this final report, the meeting was adjourned by Chairman Taylor at 12:25 PM and the group enjoyed a very nice lunch organized by Dr. Dzakuma.

After lunch, Dr. Dzakuma led on informative tour of the Prairie View A&M University animal and laboratory facilities. Subsequently, Dr. Ramsey toured the group through the Texas A&M University Animal Science Teaching, Research and Extension Center in College Station.

This tour concluded at 5:30 P.M.

Accomplishments and Impacts

For Objective 1, descriptions of potential impacts and applications were presented addressing sheep grazing in dryland grain production systems and their effects on control of wheat stem sawfly, biomass and weed density, and soil bulk density and soil nutrients. (Montana State University). The Montana Sheep Institute (Montana State University) submitted a report summarizing the impact of sheep grazing on leafy spurge for 2003 and 2004. A nine-year summary was presented on the effects of multi-species grazing of leafy spurge infested rangeland using twice-over rotation and season long grazing treatments (North Dakota State University). Short-duration intensive sheep grazing resulted in an immediate and high utilization of leafy spurge (USDA-ARS-USSES). Pre-weaning exposure of lambs to false brome greatly increased their short-term propensity to eat the plant (Oregon State University). In a selective breeding program with goats, near-infrared reflectance spectroscopy of their fecal material was used to measure the consumption of the toxic shrub juniper (Texas A&M University). For Objective 2, descriptions of potential impacts and applications were presented (written report only, Colorado State University) addressing the effects of husbandry and management practices on the incidence of pathogens in live lambs and on the incidence of Salmonella spp. and Campylobacter jejuni/coli on lamb carcasses at six lamb packing plants. Range raised Suffolk X Whiteface lamb crosses were reported to be 8.5% heavier at weaning than whiteface lambs (New Mexico State University). A trial was initiated (Oregon State University) to examine breeding and management practices that will contribute to systems of profitable reduced input sheep production. Three breeds of goat were evaluated for their natural resistance/tolerance to/of endoparasites (Prairie View A&M University). Sheep and goat extension programs in two states were reviewed (Texas A&M University and Utah State University). Young rams from a summer performance test were evaluated in terms of their breeding capacity and the performance of their lambs through feeding and processing

(University of Wyoming). In addition radio frequency ear tags were evaluated for their ability to retain identification of lambs from feeding through processing. For Objective 3, one report summarized the relationships between the quantity of hair at birth of fine-wool lambs and fiber diameter and staple length at weaning (Angelo State University) and two reports described how near-infrared spectroscopy is being utilized to develop faster and potentially less expensive test methods for characterizing animal fibers (Texas A&M University and University of Wyoming).