2006 Mock Board Exam Coalition

2006 Mock Board Exam Coalition

Central Region / University of Texas
Southwestern MedicalCenter / 3/5/2006
Pacific Northwest Region / OregonHealth & ScienceUniversity
and PortlandVAMedicalCenter / 3/25/2006
Northeastern Region / YaleUniversity / 5/7/2006
Southeastern Region / North CarolinaStateUniversity / 5/13/2006

Practical Section – 80 Questions

Referenced Answers

25 pages

Practical Exam Contributors

Cheryl Haughton, DVM, DACLAM - Central Region Coordinator

Debra Hickman, DVM, MS, DACLAM - Pacific Northwest Region Coordinator

Peter Smith, DVM, DACLAM - Northeastern Region Coordinator

Mary Ann Vasbinder, DVM, DACLAM - Southeastern RegionCoordinator

Scout Chou, VMD, DACLAM

Suzanne Craig, DVM, DACLAM

Sylvia Gografe, DVM, PhD, DACLAM

Claire Lindsell, DVM, DACLAM

Nina Woodford, DVM, MPH, DACLAM

There is one correct answer for each question.

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Etiology, etiologic agent, cause or causative agent: Indicate only the agent, e.g., Mycobacterium tuberculosis or trauma

Etiologic diagnosis: Indicate the causative agent and the site of the lesion, e.g., esophageal candidiasis

Morphological diagnosis: Indicate the organ, the process and the distribution (if indicated), e.g., diffuse ulcerative colitis or uterine Adenocarcinoma.

Disease: Indicate the common name for the condition, e.g., measles or slobbers

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During a surgical procedure the femoral artery of a rabbit was ligated to induce ischemia. What is the name of the instrument (used to spread the incision) in the lower part of the first slide and featured in the second slide?

a)Senn Rake Retractor

b)Weitlander Retractor

c)Balfour Retractor

d)Gelpi Retractor

e)U.S. Army-Pattern Retractor

Answer: b) Weitlander Retractor

Reference: Sonsthagen, T.F. 2006. Veterinary Instruments and Equipment: A Pocket Guide. p. 535-545. Elsevier Mosby, Inc., Philadelphia, PA.

What is the most likely name of the disease causing the condition depicted in these three slides?

a)Hydronephrosis

b)Spontaneous chronic progressive nephropathy

c)Urinary calculi

d)Proteus mirabilis

e)Mouse urologic syndrome

Answer: e) Mouse urologic syndrome

Reference: Percy, D.H. and Barthold, S.W. 2001. Pathology of Laboratory Rodents & Rabbits. p. 92-95. IowaStateUniversity Press, Ames, Iowa.

What is the condition depicted in this slide?

a)Hypopyon

b) Aqueous flare

c) Anterior synechiae

d) Episcleral congestion

e) Buphthalmia

Answer: e) Buphthalmia

Reference: Brown, S. and Rosenthal, K. 1997. Self-Assessment Color Review of Small Mammals. IowaState Press, Ames, IA, pp. 35-36.

What is the genus and species of the animal in this slide?

a)Chinchilla laniger

b)Oryctolaguscuniculus

c)Rattus norvegicus

d)Mesocricetusauratus

e)Cavia porcellus

Answer: b) Oryctolagus cuniculus

Reference: Fox, JG, Anderson, LC, Lowe, FM, Quimby, FW, eds. 2002. Laboratory Animal Medicine, 2nd edition. Academic Press, San Diego, CA.

What is the age of this mouse pup?

a)1-24 hours

b)1 day

c)3 days old

d)5 days old

e)7 days old

Answer: c) 3 days age

Reference: Pritchett, K., Dorcas, C., Stockwell, J., et. al. Euthanasia of Neonatal Mice With Carbon Dioxide. 2005. Comp Med 55 (3):275-281.

What are these devices?

a)Stethoscope heads

b)Intravenous catheters

c)Osmotic minipumps

d)Gavage ports

e)Vascular access ports

Answer: e) Vascular access ports

Reference: Swindle, M., Nolan, T. Jacobson, A., et. al. 2005. Vascular AccessPort (VAP) Usage in Large Animal Species. Contemp Top Lab Anim Sci44 (3):7-17.

7.What type of needle is designed for use in these devices?

a)Huber needle

b)VAP needle

c)Gavage needle

d)Spinal needle

e)Catheter needle

Answer: a) Huber needle

Reference: Swindle, M., Nolan, T. Jacobson, A., et. al. 2005. Vascular AccessPort (VAP) Usage in Large Animal Species. Contemp Top Lab Anim Sci44 (3):7-17.

What is the name of the test depicted in this picture?

a)Tail flick test

b)Grip strength test

c)Hot plate test

d)Righting test

e)Hindlimb test

Answer: c) Hot plate test

Reference: Mulder, G. and Pritchett, K. 2004. Rodent Analgesiometry: The Hot Plate, Tail Flick and Von Frey Hairs. Contemp Top Lab Anim Sci43 (3):54-55.

9.What is this apparatus used to test?

a)Righting reflex

b)Stability

c)Forelimb strength

d)Pain

e)Limb function

Answer: d) Pain

Reference: Mulder, G. and Pritchett, K. 2004. Rodent Analgesiometry: The Hot Plate, Tail Flick and Von Frey Hairs. Contemp Top Lab Anim Sci43 (3):54-55.

What is the genus and species of this parasite?

a)Syphacia muris

b)Radfordia ensifera

c)Myobia musculi

d)Polyplax spinulosa

e)Ornithonyssus bacoti

Answer: e) Ornithonyssus bacoti

Reference: Hill, W., Randolph, M. Boyd, K., et. al. 2005. Use of Permethrin Eradicated the Tropical Rat Mite (Ornithonyssus bacoti) From a Colony of Mutagenized and Transgenic Mice. Contemp Top Lab Anim Sci44 (5):31-34.

11. Which best describes the lesions caused by the parasite in question 10?

a)Rat bite fever

b)Chicken pox

c)Pustular dermatitis

d)Rat bite dermatitis (papular dermatitis)

e)Rat mite dermatitis (papular dermatitis)

Answer: e) Rat mite dermatitis (papular dermatitis)

Which anesthetic agent likely caused the condition shown in this mouse?

a)Halothane

b)Fentanyl

c)Tribromoethanol

d)Sevoflurane

e)Ketamine-medetomidine

Answer: c) Tribromoethanol

Reference: Lieggi, C., Artwohl, J., and Leszczynski, J. et al. 2005. Efficacy and Safety of Stored and Newly Prepared Tribromoethanol in ICR Mice. ContempTop Lab Anim Sci 44 (1):17-22.

Which test, depicted by the illustration, is used to model depression in rodents?

a) Learned helplessness

b) Forced swim test

c) Tail suspension test

d) Electric shock test

e) Metal grids test

Answer: a) Learned helplessness

Reference: Mulder, G and Preichett, K. 2004. Rodent Models of Depression. Contemp Top Lab Anim Sci 43(6):52-54.

The etiology of this lesion is due to which of the following?

a) Age

b) Body condition

c) Flooring

d) Dermatitis

e) All of the above

Answer: e) All of the above

Reference: Kovacs, M., Shaleighne, M. and Potter, D. 2005. An Epidemiological Study of Interdigital Cysts in a Research Beagle Colony. Contemp Top Lab Anim Sci 44 (4):17-21.

Which are exempt from exercise with this animal species?

a) Animals over 12 weeks of age

b) Females with nursing litters

c) Males with aggression issues

d) Males with dominance issues

e) All of the above

Answer: b) Females with nursing litters

Reference: Animal Welfare Act, 9 CFR Ch. 1, Subchapter A – Animal Welfare, Part 3 – Standards, Subpart A – Specifications for the Humane Handling, Care, Treatment, and Transportation of Dogs and Cats, §3.8(a) Exercise for dogs. (1-1-01 Edition, p. 50).

How often must these cages be cleaned?

a) Hourly

b) Daily

c) Twice daily

d) Weekly

e) Monthly

Answer: b) Daily

Reference: Receveur, T. 2005. Balancing Animal Well-Being, Cost, and Employee Health and Safety in Caging Design and Selection. Contemp Top Lab Anim Sci 44 (3):69-71.

How often must these cages be sanitized?

a) Weekly

b) Biweekly

c) Monthly

d) Quarterly

e) None of the above

Answer: b) Biweekly

Reference: Receveur, T. 2005. Balancing Animal Well-Being, Cost, and Employee Health and Safety in Caging Design and Selection. Contemp Top Lab Anim Sci44 (3) 69-71.

What is this picture demonstrating?

a) Electron microscopy

b) Transmission microscopy

c) Microsurgery

d) Irradiation

e) Bioluminescence

Answer: c) Microsurgery

Reference: Hoyt, R. Close-up on Lab Animal Microsurgery. 2006. Lab Animal 35(1):43-45.

What does this symbol stand for?

a)Association of American Labor of Animal Scientists

b)Association of Animal Laboratories of Animal Science

c)American Animal Lovers Association of Scientists

d)American Association of Laboratory Animal Science

Answer: d) American Association of Laboratory Animal Science

Reference:

What type of information does this device assess?

a) Locomotor ability

b) Pain

c) Avoidance response

d) Aggression

e) All of the above

Answer: a) Locomotor ability

Reference: Pritchett, K. and Mulder, G. 2003. The Rotarod. Contemp Top Lab Anim Sci 42 (6):49.

Which of the following are the most common complications of studies using this device?

a) Dehiscence and cellulitis

b) Obstruction and infection

c) Dislodgement and damage

d) None of the above

Answer: b) Obstruction and infection

Reference: Henderson, K., Mokelke, E., Turk, J. et. al. 2003. Maintaining Patency and Asepsis of Vascular Access Ports in Yucatan Miniature Swine. Contemp Top Lab Anim Sci 42 (6):28-32.

Which antibiotic significantly reduced the rate of complications when using this device?

a) Cephalexin

b) Enrofloxacin

c) Vancomycin

d) Gentomycin

e) None of the above

Answer: c) Vancomycin

Reference: Henderson, K., Mokelke, E., Turk, J. et. al. 2003. Maintaining Patency and Asepsis of Vascular Access Ports in Yucatan Miniature Swine. Contemp Top Lab Anim Sci 42 (6):28-32.

23.What is the most likely diagnosis for this condition?

a) Pneumonyssus simicola

b) Mycoplasma pulmonis

c) Pasteurella pneumotropica

d) Harderian gland abscess with septic emboli

e) Harderian gland adenocarcinoma with metastases

Answer: e) Harderian gland adenocarcinoma with metastases

Reference: Parnell PG, Crossland JP, Beattie RM, and Dewey MJ. “Frequent harderian gland adenocarcinomas in inbred white-footed mice (Peromyscus leucopus).” Comp Med 55(4):382-386, 2005.

24.The most common cause of toxic epidermal necrolysis is

a) A history of herpesvirus infection

b) Sensitivity to necrolytic toxin produced by pathogenic Staphylococcus species

c) A response to previous drug administration

d) Prolonged or repeated contact with organic caustic chemicals

e) Self-mutilation with secondary opportunistic infection

Answer: c) A response to previous drug administration.

Reference: Allen KP, Funk, and Mandrell. “Toxic epidermal necrolysis in two rhesus macaques (Macaca mulatta) after administration of rituximab.” Comp Med 55(4):377-381, 2005.

These larvae belong to which genus and species?

a)Plethodon cinereus

b)Xenopus laevis

c)Amystoma tigrinum

d)Limulus polyphemus

e)Oncorhynchus mykiss

Answer: d) Limulus polyphemus

Reference: Smith, SA, J Berkson. 2005. “Laboratory culture and maintenance of the horseshoe crab (Limulus polyphemus).” Lab Animal34(7):27-34.

The disease represented in this radiograph was recently reported to affect a juvenile female Rhesus macaque. What is the disease?

a)Immune-mediated osteoarthritis of the coxofemoral joint

b)Legg-Calvé-Perthes disease

c)Luxation of the coxofemoral joint

d)Unilateral hip dysplasia

e)Osteosarcoma

Answer: b) Legg-Calvé-Perthes disease

Reference: Smedley, JV, LG Lomax, JF Williams, PW Barras, DL Hasselschwert. 2004. “Legg-Calvé-Perthes disease in a Rhesus Macaque (Macaca mulatta).” Comp Med54(5): 585-588.

These two devices are used to study ______in rodents.

a)Spatial learning

b)Memory

c)Depression

d)Cognitive function

e)Analgesia

Answer: c) Depression

Reference: Mulder, GB, K Pritchett. (2005). “Rodent Models of Depression.” Contemp Top Lab Anim Sci43(6):52-54.

28.The lesions represented in this slide were found to be most severe when rats were anesthetized with which anesthetic(s)?

a)Isoflurane

b)Halothane

c)Ketamine and xylazine

d)Hypnorm and midazolam

e)Pentobarbital

Answer: c) Ketamine and xylazine

Reference: Turner, PV, MA Albassam. (2005). “Susceptibility of Rats to Corneal Lesions After Injectable Anesthesia.” Comp Med55(2):175-182.

29.Because the PrP gene sequence in the pictured animals is 93.8% homologous to the human PrP gene sequence, this animal species is used to study:

a)Parkinson’s disease

b)Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease

c)HIV/AIDS

d)Tuberculosis

e)Atherosclerosis

Answer: b) Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease

Reference: Bernacky, B.J., S.V. Gibson, M.E. Keeling, and C.R. Abee. 2002. “Nonhuman Primates.” In Laboratory Animal Medicine2nd edition (Fox, Anderson, Loew, and Quimby eds.), pp. 676-792. Academic Press, San Diego.

Which of the following statements is FALSE about the species shown?

a)Are used in biomedical research to study animal-origin alkaloids that demonstrate unique anesthetic, analgesics, and cardiotonic activities.

b)The frog themselves are unaffected by their own toxins.

c)Cleaning and disinfection of quarantine cages and small tanks is accomplished by using 10% hypochlorite or iodine-based disinfectants.

d)Should not be housed in the same room with Xenopus sp.

e)One should contact the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service to obtain the proper permits to import and house these frogs.

Answer: c) Cleaning and disinfection of quarantine cages and small tanks is accomplished by using 10% hypochlorite or iodine-based disinfectants.

Reference: St. Claire, M.B., M.J. Kennet, M.L. Thomas, and J.W. Daly. 2005. The Husbandry and Care of Dendrobatid Frogs. Contemp Top Lab Anim Sci44(6):8-14.

31.These eggs were detected by pressing cellophane tape to the perineal area of a mouse and then to a glass slide. Identify the etiologic agent.

a)Aspicularis tetraptera

b)Rodentolepis nana

c)Syphacia obvelata

d)Giardia muris

e)Spironucleus muris

Answer: c) Syphacia obvelata

Reference: Jacoby, R.O., J.G. Fox, and M. Davisson. 2002. “Biology and Diseases of Mice.” In Laboratory Animal Medicine2nd edition (Fox, Anderson, Loew, and Quimby eds.), pp. 35-120. Academic Press, San Diego.

This is the symbol or logo for which of the following organizations?

a)USDA

b)CDC

c)APHIS

d)NIH

e)OLAW

Answer: d) NIH

Reference: Website of NIH (

33.What is the most likely etiologic agent for this condition in mice?

a)Mouse Parvovirus

b)Mouse Hepatitis Virus

c)Rotavirus (EDIM)

d)Reovirus

e)Citrobacter rodentium

Answer: b) Mouse Hepatitis Virus.

Reference: Diseases of Research Animals. At the website

This apparatus is a:

a)High speed centrifuge for 96 well plates

b)Multigel electrophoresis unit for nested PCR

c)Startle reflex chamber to measure sensorimotor learning

d)Semi-elevated, discontinuous radial arm maze for spatial learning and memory

e)Carlson electroporator for multicopy plasmid DNA insertion

Answer: c) Startle reflex chamber to measure sensorimotor learning

Reference: Pritchett K, Mulder GB. 2004. Acoustic startle. Contemp Top Lab Anim Sci43(1):54-55.

35.The lesions shown in this slide were diagnosed in a commercial rabbit-breeding colony as a result of which dietary deficiencies and/or toxicoses?

a)Hypovitaminosis A and hypervitaminosis E

b)Hypervitaminosis A and folic acid deficiency

c)Hypovitaminosis E and corticosterone toxicosis

d)Hypervitaminosis A and hypovitaminosis E

e)Thiamine toxicosis and hypovitaminosis E

Answer: d) Hypervitaminosis A and hypovitaminosis E

References: St. Claire MB, Kennett MJ, Besch-Williford CL. 2004. Vitamin A toxicity and vitamin E deficiency in a rabbit colony. Contemp Top Lab Anim Sci43(4):26-30.

Give a morphologic diagnosis for this Chlorocebus (Cercopithecus) aethiops.

a) 720° cecal volvulus

b)Acute gastric dilatation with necrosis

c)Gastric dilatation volvulus

d)Ovarian hemangiosarcoma

e)Testicular/epididymal torsion

Answer: a) 720° cecal volvulus

References: Couillard N, Wallace J, Young R, Kock N. 2004. Cecal volvulus in two African green monkeys (Cercopithecus aethiops sabeus). Comp Med54(3):324-326.

Which of the following is the correct morphologic diagnosis in this mouse?

a)Inguinal lymphadenopathy

b)Bulbourethral gland cystic hyperplasia

c)Perineal hernia

d)Preputial gland abscess

e)Coagulating gland adenocarcinoma

Answer: b) Bulbourethral gland cystic hyperplasia

Reference: Myles MH, Foltz CJ, Shinpock SG, Olszewski RE, Franklin CL. 2002. Infertility in CFW/R1 mice associated with cystic dilatation of the bulbourethral gland. CompMed 52(3):273-276.

What does this acronym mean?

a) American Association of Laboratory Animal Science

b) Assessment and Accreditation of Laboratory Animal Science

c) Association for American Animals of Laboratory Animal Care

d) Association for Assessment and Accreditation of Laboratory Animals

e) Association for the Assessment and Accreditation of Laboratory Animal Care – International

Answer: e) Association for the Assessment and Accreditation of Laboratory Animal Care – International

Reference:

What is the genus and species of this laboratory animal?

a)Meriones unguiculatus

b)Phodopus campbelli

c)Xenopus tropicalis

d)Danio rerio

Answer: d) Danio rerio; Brachydanio rerio is acceptable.

Reference: Stewart, KL, Skibins, P, and Bang, DA. 2004. “Brine Shrimp Dispenser.” Contemp Top Lab Anim Sci, 43(4):33-34

What agent is commonly used to induce Parkinson’s disease in all of the animal models shown in the slide?

a)L-DOPA

b)MDMA

c)MPTP

d)Taxol

Answer: c) MPTP

Reference: Jakowec, MW and Petzinger, GM. 2004. “1-Methyl-4-Phenyl-1,2,3,6-Tetrahydropyridine-Lesioned Model of Parkinson’s Disease, with Emphasis on Mice and Nonhuman Primates.” Comp Med54(5):497-513.

Which of the following systems is used for in vivo fluorescence imaging?

a)IVIS system

b)CT scanner

c)PET scanner

d)MRI

Answer: a) IVIS system

Reference: Hassan, M and Klaunberg, BA. 2004. “Biomedical Applications of Fluorescence Imaging In Vivo.” Comp Med54(6): 635-644.

42.What is the genus and species of this animal?

a)Gallus domestica

b)Meleagris gallopavo

c)Anas platyrynchus

d)Columbia livia

e)Coturnix japonica

Answer: d) Columbia livia

Reference: Pisenti J.M. et al. “Avian Genetic Resources at Risk: An Assessment and Proposal for Conservation of Genetic Stocks in the USA and Canada.” Report No. 20. 1999, University of California Division of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Genetic Resources Conservation Program, Davis

43.What is the average adult weight of the animal depicted in this slide?

a)1000 grams

b)200 grams

c)25 grams

d)3-4 kilograms

e)100 grams

Answer: b) 200 grams

Reference: Lester et al. 2005. “Renal transitional cell carcinoma and choristoma in a degu (Octodon degus).” Contemp Top Lab Anim Sci 44(3):41-44.

44.At what age is weaning usually completed in the species depicted in this slide?

a)8 weeks

b)3 months

c)21 days

d)4 weeks

e)6 months

Answer: b) 3 months

Reference: Abbott et al. 2003. “Aspects of common marmoset basic biology and life history important for biomedical research.” Comp Med 53(4):339-350.

These are RODAC plates, used for environmental monitoring. What does RODAC stand for?

a)Replicate Organism Detection and Counting

b)Replicating Organism Detection and Counting

c)Refining Organism Detection and Counting

d)Refined Organism Detecting and Counting

Answer: a) Replicate Organism Detection and Counting

Reference: acronyms.thefreedictionary.com/Replicate+Organism+Detection+and+Counting

This trout has been anesthetized with MS222. Which of the following is the correct chemical description for this agent?

a)Tricaine methyl sulfonate

b)Benzocaine methane sulfazine

c)Tricaine methyl sulfazine

d)Tricaine methane sulfonate

e)Benzocaine methyl sulfonate

Answer d) Tricaine methane sulfonate

Reference: “Nontraditional Laboratory Animals.” In Anesthesia and Analgesia in Laboratory Animals, (Eds Kohn, D. F., Wixson, S. K., White, W. J. and Benson, G. J.), page 363. 1997. Academic Press, Inc. San Diego, CA.

Which of the following IS NOT an acceptable method of euthanasia for the animal depicted in this slide?

a)Barbiturates

b)Inhalant anesthetics

c)Carbon dioxide

d)Carbon monoxide

e)Cervical dislocation

Answer: e) Cervical dislocation

Reference: “Report of the AVMA Panel on Euthanasia.” 2001. JAVMA 218(5):693.

48.According to the Animal Welfare Regulations, which of the following species CANNOT be housed in an outdoor hutch (assuming appropriate climate)?

a)Rabbit

b)Cat

c)Hamster

d)Guinea Pig

Answer: c) Hamster

Reference: Animal Welfare Act, 9 CFR Ch. 1, Subchapter A – Animal Welfare, Part 3 – Standards, Subpart B – Specifications for the Humane Handling, Care, Treatment, and Transportation of Guinea Pigs and Hamsters, §3.27(a) Facilities, outdoor. (1-1-01 Edition, p. 60).