Copyright 2012 Pearson Canada Inc
1. / What is the origin of Medicare?
a. / The American health care system
b. / Traditional Aboriginal healing practices
c. / The religious orders that first provided health care
d. / Canada's federal government
2. / Who was assigned the responsibility for health care in the 1867 Constitution Act (British North America Act)?
a. / The provinces were responsible for public health care
b. / First Nations communities were responsible for Aboriginal health care
c. / The federal government was responsible for military health care
d. / The provinces were responsible for health policy
3. / Where was North America's first universal health insurance program implemented?
a. / Manitoba in 1957
b. / Canada in 1967
c. / Prince Edward Island in 1867
d. / Saskatchewan in 1947
4. / What was the purpose of the Canada Health Act (1984)?
a. / Provide the provinces with more legal authority
b. / Ban extra billing and user fees
c. / Establish a national drug plan
d. / Increase Canadians' access to health care based on ability to pay
5. / What Act has as its cornerstones publicly administrated, comprehensive, universal, portable, and accessible?
a. / Hospital Insurance and Diagnostic Services Act
b. / Constitution Act
c. / Canada Health Act
d. / American Medicare Act
6. / What is one of the primary objectives of Canadian health care policy according to the Canada Health Act (1984)?
a. / Facilitate reasonable access to hospital care
b. / Protect the health care system from privatization
c. / Restore stable health care funding to the provinces
d. / Protect, promote, and restore the physical and mental well-being of Canadians
7. / How has the Canada Health Act (1984) been successful in ensuring all Canadians have access to the health care they need?
a. / Creating specific mechanisms to ensure accountability and transparency
b. / Establishing criteria and conditions for insured health care services that must be met before federal transfer payments are made
c. / Penalizing provinces that do not comply with the public health aspects of the Act
d. / Determining the extent to which each province and territory has satisfied the criteria and conditions of the Act
8. / Which model dominated public and political thinking about health during the time that the Canadian Medicare system was created in 1957?
a. / Healthy lifestyle model
b. / Socio-environmental model
c. / Biomedical model
d. / Health promotion model
9. / Who said, "The practice of health care has evolved. And despite efforts to keep pace, Medicare has not"?
a. / Monique Begin, Minister of Health
b. / Ralph Klein, Premier of Alberta
c. / Brian Mulroney, Prime Minister of Canada
d. / Ray Romanow, Commissioner on the Future of Health Care
10. / How does Canada rank in the world with respect to health care?
a. / Canadian men and women outlive Americans.
b. / Canada spent 16% of the gross national product on health care in 2008.
c. / The Canadian infant mortality rate is one of the best in the world.
d. / Canada has the highest cost per capita in health care expenditures.
11. / What are the four determinants of health identified by the Lalonde Report (1974)?
a. / Socio-environmental, biomedical, disease prevention, and health promotion
b. / Gender, culture, working conditions, and education
c. / Biological, emotional, spiritual, and psychological
d. / Environment, lifestyle, human biology, and the health care system
12. / What provided the basis for the Ottawa Charter?
a. / Alma Ata Declaration
b. / Canada Health Act
c. / National Forum on Health
d. / Epp Framework
13. / What is involved in a health care system that focuses on primary care?
a. / People accessing health care services at the first point of contact
b. / Health education, proper nutrition, and disease prevention
c. / Disease prevention, health protection, and health promotion
d. / Accessible, acceptable, and affordable health care
14. / Recently, Family Health Teams have been set up to provide primary health care. Where have these been established?
a. / Ontario
b. / Quebec
c. / Nova Scotia
d. / British Columbia
15. / Who funds public health in Canada?
a. / Provincial and/or municipal tax dollars
b. / Municipalities
c. / Federal government
d. / Provinces and federal government
16. / What nursing sector is currently the fastest-growing area in Canada?
a. / Public health
b. / Acute care
c. / Home care
d. / Long-term care
17. / Mr. Jones lives in Ontario and requires home care nursing and support services. Who would deliver these services?
a. / Social services branch of the department of health
b. / Local public health units
c. / Agency contracted by the Local Health Integration Network
d. / Local health authority
18. / What is a common argument for the discontinuation of publicly funded, not-for-profit health care?
a. / Shortage of health care workers
b. / The aging Canadian population will escalate health care costs
c. / Emerging diseases
d. / Pressure from for-profit centres for federal funding
19. / What statement is true about community health nurses in Canada?
a. / They are slightly younger than hospital nurses.
b. / The proportion in leadership positions is increasing.
c. / They are more likely to have a university degree.
d. / About 75% work full time in the community.
20. / In 2002, Romanow recommended a shift to health promotion and disease prevention. What is a barrier to achieving this goal?
a. / Competing care challenges
b. / Lack of stable long-term funding
c. / Number of people requiring home care
d. / Shortage of health care professionals
21. / Role clarity has been identified as an issue for community health nurses in the 2010 Synthesis of Canadian Community Health Nursing Reports. What is a component of role clarity?
a. / Understanding the role of other health care professionals
b. / Common language to describe the role
c. / Access to specialized expertise
d. / Leadership development
22. / What factor has the greatest impact on community health nurses' ability to practice to their full scope?
a. / Staffing shortages
b. / Funding
c. / Leadership
d. / Being valued for their services
23. / What organizational supports would encourage the professional development of community health nurses?
a. / Regular performance feedback
b. / Formalized communication mechanisms
c. / Formalized student preceptor programs
d. / Articulation of the vision
24. / In 1989 the Treasury Board approved the transfer of Indian health services. Which statement is true about this transfer?
a. / Transferred responsibility to the provinces
b. / Unspent monies were to be returned
c. / Requires certain programs to be offered
d. / Optional to all First Nation and Inuit communities
25. / What health care service accounts for the smallest percentage of health care dollars?
a. / Physicians
b. / Hospitals
c. / Drugs
d. / Home care
26. / The Best Practice Guidelines on Nursing Leadership (RNAO, 2006) outlined attributes for effective nurse leaders. What is one of those attributes?
a. / Avoiding risk taking
b. / Organizational ability
c. / Social awareness
d. / Comfort with routines
27. / Contrast the terms primary care and primary health care and give an example for each related to community health nursing practice.
28. / Summarize two federal initiatives in the development of health promotion and give one rationale for each that illustrates their importance on an international level.
29. / Give an example of where the Canada Health Act (1984) has been successful. Provide a rationale and an example of where its success has been more limited.
30. / Describe the importance of three historical milestones in the development of the Canadian health care system.
31. / Discuss three Canadian values that are reflected in the current Medicare system.
32. / Name three of the five principles of the Canada Health Act (1984) and give an example for each.
Copyright © 2012 Pearson Canada Inc.
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Full file at / Date: / Course: / Stamler/Yiu: Community Health Nursing: A Canadian Perspective, Third Canadian Edition / Test: / Chapter 02Copyright © 2012 Pearson Canada Inc.
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Full file at / Date: / Course: / Stamler/Yiu: Community Health Nursing: A Canadian Perspective, Third Canadian Edition / Test: / Chapter 02Activity Name: Chapter 02
Copyright © 2012 Pearson Canada Inc.
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Full file at / Date: / Course: / Stamler/Yiu: Community Health Nursing: A Canadian Perspective, Third Canadian Edition / Test: / Chapter 021. / c.The religious orders that first provided health care
Learning Objective:
Chapter 2 Multiple Choice Questions
Feedback:
Correct: The idea of Medicare evolved from the traditions of religious orders.
Incorrect: The American health care system did not influence Medicare.
Incorrect: Aboriginal healing practices did not contribute to the evolution of Medicare.
Incorrect: Canada's federal government enacted legislation for universal Medicare, but the idea originated with the early religious orders.
Hints:
2. / c.The federal government was responsible for military health care
Learning Objective:
Chapter 2 Multiple Choice Questions
Feedback:
Incorrect: The BNA did not assign the responsibility for health policy to either the federal or provincial governments.
Incorrect: Public health care was not assigned to either level of government.
Incorrect: Aboriginal health care was the responsibility of the federal government.
Correct: The BNA assigned health care services for veterans and the military to the federal government.
Hints:
3. / d.Saskatchewan in 1947
Learning Objective:
Chapter 2 Multiple Choice Questions
Feedback:
Incorrect: This was the start of the universal health insurance program in Canada, but Canada followed Saskatchewan.
Incorrect: The first universal health insurance program was introduced in Saskatchewan.
Correct: Saskatchewan introduced the first universal health insurance program under Tommy Douglas.
Incorrect: P.E.I. did not introduce the first universal health insurance program.
Hints:
4. / b.Ban extra billing and user fees
Learning Objective:
Chapter 2 Multiple Choice Questions
Feedback:
Incorrect: The Bill C-3 was introduced to control extra fees being charged by provinces and physicians.
Incorrect: The Canada Health Act did not establish a national drug plan.
Correct: Extra billings and user fees were escalating and threatening the universal health care program.
Incorrect: The Act was to prevent access based on ability to pay.
Hints:
5. / c.Canada Health Act
Learning Objective:
Chapter 2 Multiple Choice Questions
Feedback:
Correct: These are the cornerstones of the Canada Health Act.
Incorrect: These are not cornerstones of the American Medicare Act.
Incorrect: This Act introduced universal health care in Canada.
Incorrect: The Constitution Act created Canada as a dominion.
Hints:
6. / d.Protect, promote, and restore the physical and mental well-being of Canadians
Learning Objective:
Chapter 2 Multiple Choice Questions
Feedback:
Incorrect: It is to facilitate reasonable access to health services, not hospital care.
Correct: This is one of the primary objectives.
Incorrect: This was not one of the primary objectives.
Incorrect: Funding was limited to medically necessary physician and hospital services.
Hints:
7. / b.Establishing criteria and conditions for insured health care services that must be met before federal transfer payments are made
Learning Objective:
Chapter 2 Multiple Choice Questions
Feedback:
Incorrect: The provinces needed to meet the criteria and conditions or lose funding.
Incorrect: Public authority is accountable to the government but does not ensure access.
Correct: This is the way in which the federal government ensured access to health care across Canada. It prevented the use of user fees and extra billing.
Incorrect: Access would be ensured if the provinces met the criteria, not by penalizing them.
Hints:
8. / c.Biomedical model
Learning Objective:
Chapter 2 Multiple Choice Questions
Feedback:
Incorrect: The biomedical approach was popular at that time.
Incorrect: The healthy lifestyle model began in the 1970s.
Incorrect: The health promotion model began in the 1970s.
Correct: The biomedical model to health was common during this period.
Hints:
9. / d.Ray Romanow, Commissioner on the Future of Health Care
Learning Objective:
Chapter 2 Multiple Choice Questions
Feedback:
Incorrect: This statement was not made by Ralph Klein.
Correct: Ray Romanow made this statement.
Incorrect: Brian Mulroney did not make this comment.
Incorrect: This comment was made after Monique Begin was Minister of Health.
Hints:
10. / a.Canadian men and women outlive Americans.
Learning Objective:
Chapter 2 Multiple Choice Questions
Feedback:
Incorrect: The United States has a higher cost than Canada.
Correct: Canadian women live three years longer and men two years longer than Americans.
Incorrect: A number of developed countries have lower infant mortality rates than Canada.
Incorrect: Canada spent only 10.4% of the GNP.
Hints:
11. / d.Environment, lifestyle, human biology, and the health care system
Learning Objective:
Chapter 2 Multiple Choice Questions
Feedback:
Incorrect: These are the approaches to health enhancement.
Incorrect: These are not the four determinants identified by Lalonde.
Correct: Lalonde identified environment, lifestyle, human biology, and the health care system as the four determinants of health.
Incorrect: These determinants of health were added to refine and add to the original four determinants.
Hints:
12. / d.Epp Framework
Learning Objective:
Chapter 2 Multiple Choice Questions
Feedback:
Incorrect: The Alma Ata Declaration was signed by Canada at an international conference that focused on the protection and promotion of health for all people.
Correct: The Epp Framework introduced health promotion, which became the basis for the Ottawa Charter.
Incorrect: The Canada Health Act is federal legislation that outlines the criteria and conditions provinces must meet to get federal funding for health care.
Incorrect: The National Forum on Health is an advisory body to the prime minister on ways to improve the health care system and the health of Canadians.
Hints:
13. / a.People accessing health care services at the first point of contact
Learning Objective:
Chapter 2 Multiple Choice Questions
Feedback:
Correct: Primary care occurs when people are able to access their family physician or nurse practitioner as the first point of contact.
Incorrect: These are some of the criteria that the provinces must meet to receive federal money for health care.
Incorrect: Primary health care refers to first point of contact.
Incorrect: These are some of the roles of public health.
Hints:
14. / a.Ontario
Learning Objective:
Chapter 2 Multiple Choice Questions
Feedback:
Incorrect: They were not set up in Nova Scotia.
Correct: Ontario recently set up Family Health Teams in communities to provide health care.
Incorrect: Quebec set up the first primary health units with salaried employees. They were based on Centres Locaux de Service Communautaires.
Incorrect: British Columbia's walk-in clinics are not called Family Health Teams.
Hints:
15. / a.Provincial and/or municipal tax dollars
Learning Objective:
Chapter 2 Multiple Choice Questions
Feedback:
Incorrect: The federal government does not fund public health.
Correct: Public health funding comes from provincial and municipal tax dollars.
Incorrect: The provincial government assists the municipal governments in funding public health.
Incorrect: The federal government does not fund public health.
Hints:
16. / c.Home care
Learning Objective:
Chapter 2 Multiple Choice Questions
Feedback:
Incorrect: Public health is not growing as quickly as home care.
Incorrect: Acute care nursing is not growing as quickly as home care.
Correct: The increasing growth in home care is due to the belief that care in the home will be less costly.
Incorrect: Home care is the fastest-growing sector.
Hints:
17. / c.Agency contracted by the Local Health Integration Network
Learning Objective:
Chapter 2 Multiple Choice Questions
Feedback:
Incorrect: Public health units do not offer home care services in Ontario.
Incorrect: In the Yukon a social services branch of the department of health offers home care.
Correct: In Ontario services are contracted by one of 14 Local Health Integration Networks.
Incorrect: Most provinces have home care offered through local health authorities.
Hints:
18. / b.The aging Canadian population will escalate health care costs
Learning Objective:
Chapter 2 Multiple Choice Questions
Feedback:
Correct: The aging population is predicted to escalate health care costs.
Incorrect: There is no evidence that this is escalating costs at the same rate as the aging population.
Incorrect: Some for-profit clinics currently access provincial funding.
Incorrect: Although there is a shortage of health care workers, this is not related to escalating costs.
Hints:
19. / c.They are more likely to have a university degree.
Learning Objective:
Chapter 2 Multiple Choice Questions
Feedback:
Incorrect: Nurses working in community health are older than nurses in hospitals.
Incorrect: Only 54% work full time in the community.
Correct: This is true.
Incorrect: The proportion in leadership has decreased.
Hints:
20. / b.Lack of stable long-term funding
Learning Objective:
Chapter 2 Multiple Choice Questions
Feedback:
Incorrect: Funding, not staff shortages, is a major barrier.
Correct: Lack of stable long-term funding is the major barrier. The funding that currently exists is being threatened.
Incorrect: Funding is the major barrier.
Incorrect: Funding, not care challenges, is the major barrier.
Hints:
21. / b.Common language to describe the role
Learning Objective:
Chapter 2 Multiple Choice Questions
Feedback:
Correct: This is one of the components of role clarity.
Incorrect: The community health nurses' role is not understood by other health care professionals.
Incorrect: This was not a component of role clarity.
Incorrect: This was not a component of role clarity.
Hints:
22. / c.Leadership
Learning Objective:
Chapter 2 Multiple Choice Questions
Feedback:
Incorrect: Community health nurses are not currently valued for their services. Role clarity will assist with this.
Incorrect: Although funding is an issue, leadership was identified as having the greatest impact.
Correct: Leadership, especially front-line managers, has the greatest impact on community health nurses being able to work to their full scope.
Incorrect: Shortages of nurses may be a factor in having the capacity to give care, but leadership is the greatest factor in a nurse's ability to work to full scope.
Hints:
23. / a.Regular performance feedback
Learning Objective: