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Information on Aquatic Animal Diseases
OIE Collaborating Centre Reports
Activities in 2013
Title of Collaborating Centre: / Information on aquatic animal diseasesAddress of Collaborating Centre: / Centre for Environment, Fisheries and Aquaculture Science (Cefas) Weymouth Laboratory, Barrack Road, The Nothe, Weymouth, Dorset. DT4 8UB. UK
Tel.: / +44 1305 206600
Fax: / +44 1305 206601
e-mail address: /
website: / www.cefas.defra.gov.uk
Name of Director of Institute (Responsible Official): / Dr Stephen Irving
Name (including Title and Position) of Head of the Collaborating Centre (formally OIE Contact Point): / Dr Stephen W Feist
Name (including Title and Position) of writer of this report
(if different from above) / Dr Stephen W Feist
Summary of activities specifically related to the mandate of
OIE Collaborating Centres
ToR: To provide services to the OIE, in particular within the region, in the designated specialty, in support of the implementation of OIE policies and, where required, seek for collaboration with OIE Reference Laboratories
ToR: To identify and maintain existing expertise, in particular within its region
1. Activities as a centre of research, expertise, standardisation and dissemination of techniques within the remit of the mandate given by the OIE
Disease control
Epidemiology, surveillance, risk assessment, modelling
Training, capacity building
Zoonoses
Wildlife
Avian diseases
Aquatic animal diseases
Animal welfare
Diagnosis, biotechnology and laboratory
Veterinary medicinal products
Vaccines
Food safety
Feed safety
Other (Name the category: )
DIAGNOSIS, BIOTECHNOLOGY AND LABORATORYTitle of activity / Scope
Pathogen characterisation / We provided ongoing support to Swedish colleagues for the characterisation of suspected Sarcocystis disease affecting rainbow trout. We were invited as experts in parasitic disease and pathology to attend in a workshop organised by the EURL for fish diseases but were not able to participate. We have offered to provide continuing support and have received material that is currently being worked up for histopathology and ultrastructural analysis.
Advice / We provided advice on the investigation of an apparently novel microsporidian infection in Chinook salmon from New Zealand and on pathology observed in marine fish from the Mediterranean.
Advice was provided to the Sanitary Veterinary and Food Safety Directorate, Cluj Napoca, Romania on the use of histological techniques for the detection of acid-fast bacteria.
Advice on the potential causes of mortalities in chub in a Romanian river (not thought to be caused by infectious disease).
Advice on the possible aetiology of disease affecting cultured white grouper in Israel.
Information was provided to Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas (CSIC), Spain on a case of abnormal pigmentation affecting angler fish Lophius piscatoruis.
Other:
Title of activity / Scope
Maintaining the International Aquatic Animal Disease (IDAAD) database / The IDAAD page on cefas.defra.gov.uk http://www.cefas.defra.gov.uk/our-science/animal-health-and-food-safety/aquatic-animal-disease/oie-collaborating-centre-for-information-on-aquatic-animal-diseases.aspx attracted 409 unique visitors during 2013.
The front page of the database http://www.cefas.defra.gov.uk/idaad/ had 4,184 unique visitors. The top referrer, with 3,498 referrals, was Google. The next highest are those who directly link to the database with 370 referrals, then Bing with 99. These statistics indicate that search engines tend to take the user directly to the database, rather than the splash page on the Cefas website.
The top 10 countries for unique visits were:
1. UK (698)
2. US (437)
3. India (333)
4. Canada (182)
5. Indonesia (142)
6. Turkey (136)
7. Malaysia (118)
8. Brazil (107)
9. South Korea (107)
10. Thailand (97)
Data on the host and location occurrence of the new list of diseases are being extracted from the published scientific literature and entered into the database in the ‘non-OIE data’ section. The Collaborating Centre continues to make available the information in the database on the diseases that have been removed from the official OIE list, in the category of ‘previously listed diseases’. Access to the database is available on-line to OIE member countries via the Aquatic Animals Commission pages on the OIE web site, and the web site of the OIE Collaborating Centre for Information on Aquatic Animal Diseases at http://www.cefas.defra.gov.uk/idaad/.
All relevant data on occurrence of the diseases as reported by Member Countries and published on-line in the OIE weekly ‘Disease information’ or ‘Disease alerts’ was entered to data previously entered from the Aquatic Animal Health Codes. Occurrence data was also entered for the member countries and territories submitting returns for the Asian and Pacific Region Quarterly Aquatic Animal Disease Reports for 2012 and 2013.
A search of the published scientific literature for new information on the geographical and host ranges of all the diseases of fish, molluscs and crustaceans listed in the database was carried out throughout the year and relevant data entered, together with details of the journal reference to add to the existing information in the “non-OIE data” section. The page listing “recent additions” shows the new scientific references and associated data that have been added in the past month, 3 months, 6 months or 1 year, to make it easy for users to see what new data has been added. A total of 65 new references were added during 2013.
ToR: To propose or develop methods and procedures that facilitate harmonisation of international standards and guidelines applicable to the designated specialty
2. Proposal or development of any procedure that will facilitate harmonisation of international regulations applicable to the surveillance and control of animal diseases, food safety or animal welfare
–
ToR: To establish and maintain a network with other OIE Collaborating Centres designated for the same specialty, and should the need arise, with Collaborating Centres in other disciplines
ToR: To carry out and/or coordinate scientific and technical studies in collaboration with other centres, laboratories or organisations
3. Did your Collaborating Centre maintain a network with other OIE Collaborating Centres (CC), Reference Laboratories (RL), or organisations designated for the same specialty, to coordinate scientific and technical studies?
Yes No
Name of OIE CC/RL/other organisation(s) / Location / Region of networking Centre / PurposeFish Disease EU Reference Laboratory
Mollusc Disease EU Reference Laboratory
Crustacean Disease EU Reference Laboratory / NVI Denmark
IFREMER France
Cefas UK / Africa
Americas
Asia and Pacific
Europe
Middle East / Sharing information on aquatic animal health status; participation in inter-laboratory proficiency tests; provision of reference materials and advice; provision of training
4. Did your Collaborating Centre maintain a network with other OIE Collaborating Centres, Reference laboratories, or organisations in other disciplines, to coordinate scientific and technical studies?
Yes No
ToR: To place expert consultants at the disposal of the OIE.
5. Did your Collaborating Centre place expert consultants at the disposal of the OIE?
Yes No
Name of expert / Kind of consultancy / SubjectDr Stephen W. Feist
Dr David Stone / Advice
OIE expert / Expert services, including those of the Centre's library facilities for screening of published scientific literature on a regular basis for sound and relevant information on the occurrence of OIE-listed diseases for adding to the International Database on Aquatic Animal Diseases (IDAAD). Dr Feist answered by electronic communication, requests from OIE member countries for aquatic animal disease information.
Spring Viraemia of Carp (SVC)
Mr Keith Way
Dr Birgit Oidtmann
Dr Grant Stentiford / OIE expert
OIE expert
Director of the European Reference Laboratory (EURL) for crustacean diseases / Koi Herpes Virus (KHV)
Crayfish Plague
Crustacean diseases
ToR: To provide, within the designated specialty, scientific and technical training to personnel from OIE Member Countries
6. Did your Collaborating Centre provide scientific and technical training, within the remit of the mandate given by the OIE, to personnel from OIE Member Countries?
Yes No
If the answer is yes, please provide the total number of trained persons for each of the following categories:
a) Technical visits: 1
b) Seminars:
c) Hands-on training courses:
d) Internships (>1 month):
Type of technical training provided (a, b, c or d) / Content / Country of origin of the expert(s) provided with training / No. participants from the corresponding country /a / Dr Seokryel Kim from the National Fisheries Research and Development Institute (NFRDI). The following programme was provided:
Overviews of facilities related to our function as OIE Collaborating Centre
for information on aquatic animal diseases and the OIE methods for
diagnosis of SVC & KHV.
• Overviews of the role of the Cefas Fish Health Inspectorate (FHI).
• The UK national aquatic animal disease control system.
• Surveillance in England and Wales for notifiable aquatic animal pathogens.
• The FHI systems for sample handling and reporting.
• Field visits to fish and shellfish sites.
• Laboratory management & Quality standards.
• Attendance at laboratory seminars.
• Activities of the European Reference Laboratory (EURL) for Crustacean Diseases. / Korea / 1
ToR: To organise and participate in scientific meetings and other activities on behalf of the OIE
7. Did your Collaborating Centre organise or participate in the organisation of scientific meetings on behalf of the OIE?
Yes No
ToR: To collect, process, analyse, publish and disseminate data and information relevant to the designated specialty
8. Publication and dissemination of any information within the remit of the mandate given by the OIE that may be useful to Member Countries of the OIE
(Indicate in the appropriate box the number by category)
a) Articles published in peer-reviewed journals: 21
David M Stone *, Rose C Kerr*, Margaret Hughes, Alan D Radford and Alistair C. Darby (2013) Characterisation of the complete genome of four putative vesiculoviruses, tench rhabdovirus, grass carp rhabdovirus,perch rhabdovirus and eel rhabdovirus European X . Archives of Virology 158, 11, pp 2371-2377Matejusova, N. Bain, D. J. Colquhoun, E.J. Feil, U. McCarthy, D. McLennan, M. Snow, D. Verner-Jeffreys*, I S.Wallace, S. J. Weir and M. Hall (2013) BMC Microbiology, 13:285
M. Longshaw*, D.M. Stone*, G. Wood*, M.J. Green* and P. White* (2013) Diseases of Aquatic Organisms 106:173-179
P. Novel, M.A. Fernandez-Trujillo, J.B. Gallardo-Galvez, I. Cano*, M. Manchado, F. Buonocore, E. Randelli, G. Scapigliati, M.C. Alvarez, J. Bejar (2013) Two Mx genes identified in European sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax) respond differently to VNNV infection, Veterinary Immunology and Immunopathology, 153: 240-248
S.J. Denholm, R.A. Norman, A.S. Hoyle, A.P. Shinn, N.G.H. Taylor* (2013) Reproductive trade-offs may moderate the impact of Gyrodactylus salaris in warmer climates, PLoS ONE 8(10): e78909
G.D. Stentiford*, K.S. Bateman*, S.W. Feist*, D.M. Stone* and A.M. Dunn (2013) Microsporidia: diverse, dynamic and emergent pathogens in aquatic systems, Trends in Parasitology 29; 567-578
G.D. Stentiford*, K.S. Bateman*, N. Stokes, R. Carnegie (2013) Haplosporidium littoralis n. sp. - a crustacean pathogen within the Haplosporida (Cercozoa, Ascetosporea). Diseases of Aquatic Organisms 105, 243–252
E. Zahran, B. Gorgoglione*, N. Taylor*, C.J. Secombes, J. Zou (2013) . FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY Volume: 34 Issue: 6 Pages: 1687-1687
B. Gorgoglione*, T. Wang, C.J. Secombes, J.W. Holland (2013) Immune gene expression profiling of proliferative kidney disease in rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss reveals a dominance of anti-inflammatory, antibody and Th cell-like activities. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY Volume: 34 Issue: 6 Pages: 1654-1654
B. Oidtmann*, E. Peeler*, T. Lyngstad, E. Brun, B. Bang Jensen, K.D.C. Stärk (2013) Risk-based methods for fish and terrestrial animal disease surveillance. Preventive Veterinary Medicine, 112 (1-2) 13-26
P.A. Noguera, S.W. Feist*, K.S. Bateman, T.Lang, F.Gruetjen and D.W. Bruno (2013) Hyperpigmentation in North Sea dab Limanda limanda. II. Macroscopic and microscopic characteristics and pathogen screening. Diseases of Aquatic Organisms 103: 25-34
A. Lerebours, J.P. Bignell*, G.D. Stentiford*, S.W. Feist*, B.P. Lyons* and J.M. Rotchell (2013) Advanced diagnostics applied to fish liver tumours: relating pathology to underlying molecular aetiology. Marine Pollution Bulletin 72 (2013) 94–98
J. Bojko, P.D. Stebbing*, K.S. Bateman*, J.E. Meatyard, K. Bacela-Spychalska, A.M. Dunn, G.D. Stentiford* (2013) Baseline histopathological survey of a recently-invading island population of killer shrimp, Dikerogammarus villosus. Diseases of Aquatic Organisms 106; 241-253
I. Cano*, E.J. Valverde, E. Garcia-Rosado, M.C. Alonso, B. Lopez-Jimena, J.B. Ortiz-Delgado, J.J. Borrego, C. Sarasquete, D. Castro (2013) Transmission of Lymphocystis disease virus (LCDV) in cultured gilthead seabream (Sparus aurata L.) larvae. Journal of Fish Diseases 36; 569-576
F. Grütjen, T. Lang, S. Feist*, D. Bruno, P. Noguera and W. Wosniok (2013) Hyperpigmentation in North Sea dab (Limanda limanda): spatial and temporal patterns and host effects. Diseases of Aquatic Organisms 103; 9-24
Thrush M.A. and Peeler E.J. (2013) A model to approximate lake temperature from gridded daily air temperature records and its application in risk assessment for the establishment of fish diseases in the UK. Transboundary and Emerging Diseases 60 (5) 460-471
A.E. Bayley*, B.J. Hill and S.W. Feist* (2013) Susceptibility of European common frog to a panel of ranavirus isolates from fish and amphibian hosts. Diseases of Aquatic Organisms 103 (3) 171-183
Payno Morant M., Prpich G., Peeler E.*, Thrush M*, Rocks S., Pollard S (2013) Assessment of consequences of notifiable fish disease incursions in England and Wales. Journal of Human and Ecological Risk Assessment 19 (1) 278-290
B. Oidtmann*, D. Verner-Jeffreys*, M. Pond*, E. J. Peeler*, P. Noguera, D. Bruno, S. LaPatra, S. St-Hilaire, C. Schubinger, K. Snekvik, M. Crumlish, D. Green, M. Metselaar, H. Rodger, H. Schmidt-Posthaus, M. Galeotti and S. W. Feist* (2013) Differential characterization of emerging skin diseases of rainbow trout – a standardized approach to capturing disease characteristics and developing case definitions. Journal of Fish Diseases, 36; 921-937
Longshaw, M.* and Malham, S. (2013) A review of the infectious agents, parasites, pathogens and commensals of European cockles (Cerastoderma edule and C. glaucum). Journal of the Marine Biological Association 93; 227-247
G.D. Stentiford*, K.S. Bateman*, S.W. Feist*, E. Chambers* and D.M. Stone* (2013) Plastic parasites: Extreme dimorphism creates a taxonomic conundrum in the phylum Microsporidia. International Journal for Parasitology 43; 339-352
N.G.H Taylor *, E.J. Peeler*, K.L. Denham*, C.N. Crane*, M.A. Thrush*, P.F. Dixon*, D.M. Stone*, K. Way* and B.C. Oidtmann*. (2013) Spring viraemia of carp (SVC) in the UK: The road to freedom. Preventive Veterinary Medicine, 111; 156–164
b) International conference presentations: 10
E. Peeler* Making the case for disease freedom – what can epidemiology contribute?16th International Conference on Diseases of Fish and Shellfish, European Association of Fish Pathology, 2 – 6 September 2013, Tampere, Finland (invited keynote)
C. Ceolin, A. Fabris, M. Toson, L. Bortolotti; F. Gatti; L. Bille, C. Casarotto, B. Oidtmann* and M. Dalla Pozza (2013) Trout farms in the north-east of Italy: exploratory study on farming features and risk factors associated with disease exposure. 16th International Conference on Diseases of Fish and Shellfish, European Association of Fish Pathology, 2 – 6 September 2013, Tampere, Finland (poster)
S. Tavornpanich, T.M. Lyngstad, E. Brun, A. Cameron, M. Thrush*, K. Staerk, E. Peeler* and B. Oidtmann* Risk categorization for marine salmon farms – a case study of infectious salmon anaemia (ISA)16th International Conference on Diseases of Fish and Shellfish, European Association of Fish Pathology, 2 – 6 September 2013, Tampere, Finland (poster)
B. Oidtmann* (2013) Epizootic Ulcerative Syndrome – overview and current relevance at EU level. Workshop 'Oomycetes as aquatic animal pathogens'; 16th International Conference on Diseases of Fish and Shellfish, European Association of Fish Pathology, 2 – 6 September 2013, Tampere, Finland (presentation)
B. Oidtmann*, F. Pearce*, M. Thrush*, E. Peeler*, C. Ceolin, M. Dalla Pozza, A. Fabris, K. Stärk, A. Cameron (2013) Risk categorisation of freshwater salmonid farms – a case study for viral haemorrhagic septicaemia; 16th International Conference on Diseases of Fish and Shellfish, European Association of Fish Pathology, 2 – 6 September 2013, Tampere, Finland (presentation)
E.J. Valverde, I. Cano*, E. Garcia-Rosado, M.C. Alonso, J.J. Borrego and D. Castro (2013) Infection of Artemia sp. by lymphocystis disease virus (LCDV); 16th International Conference on Diseases of Fish and Shellfish, European Association of Fish Pathology, Tampere (Finland) 2013 (presentation)
I. Cano-Cejas* and R. Paley* (2013) Pancreas disease bath challenge in Atlantic salmon fry; 16th International Conference on Diseases of Fish and Shellfish, European Association of Fish Pathology, Tampere (Finland) 2013 (presentation)
S. Feist (2013) Histopathology of sensory systems in fish. Histopathology workshop: 16th International Conference on Diseases of Fish and Shellfish, European Association of Fish Pathology, 2 – 6 September 2013, Tampere, Finland (invited presentation)
I. Cano*, R. Paley*, C. Joiner*, D. Minardi* and S. Feist* (2013) Antibody response and imnunohistochemistry studies in juvenile sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax) experimentally infected with betanodavirus. (Zebra) Fish Immunology Workshop. Wageningen April 21-25, 2013.
B. Oidtmann* (2013) International and national biosecurity strategies in aquatic animal health. Freshwater Invasives – Networking for Strategy (FINS), Galway, Ireland, 8th to 11th April 2013
B. Oidtmann*, E. Peeler*, M. Thrush*, F. Pearce*, K. Stärk, T.M. Lyngstad, E. Brun, S. Tavornparnich, B. Bang Jensen, M. Dalla Pozza, C. Cheolin, A. Cameron (2013) Risk categorisation of fish farms for Aquatic Animal Health Surveillance. Presentation at the 17th Annual Workshop of the National Reference Laboratories for Fish Diseases, National Veterinary Institute, Copenhagen, Denmark, 29-30 May 2013
c) National conference presentations: 1