1. Where would smooth muscle be found in the body?

A) attached to bones B) in the heart C) in the walls of blood vessels

D) in the intestines E) both C and D

  1. What type of tissue in animals has tight (occluding) cell to cell junctions between cells?

A) Epithelium B) muscle C) connective D) skeletal E) nervous

  1. Which of these cells is/are dead at maturity?
  2. Sieve tube members
  3. Vessel elements
  4. Tracheids
  5. B and C
  6. All of the above
  1. Which viral reproduction cycle involves host cell division and reproduction of a prophage?
  2. Lytic
  3. Lysogenic
  4. Binary fission
  5. temperate

5. Which characteristic of plants protects the plant from water loss?

  1. Plasmodesmata
  2. Epidermis
  3. Petiole of the leaf

d. cuticle

6. Which route must water and minerals take to cross the Casparian Strip in the roots?

  1. Apoplastic
  2. Symplastic
  3. Transmembrane
  4. Any of the above

7.Which type of bacteria convert ammonium (NH4+) into nitrate (NO3-)?

a.Nitrifying Bacteria

b.Denitrifying Bacteria

c.Nitrogen-Fixing Bacteria

d.Ammonifying Bacteria

8.______stimulates stem elongation by ______

a.Auxin, increasing H+ pump activity

b.Auxin, decreasing turgor pressure

c.Cytokinins, decreasing H+ pump activity

d.Cytokinins, decreasing turgor pressure

9. All of the following are cellular membrane receptors EXCEPT

a.Tyrosine kinase receptor

b.G-protein linked receptor

c.Voltage gated ion channel

d.Ligand gated ion channel

e.All of the above are cellular membrane receptors

10. Signal transduction pathways have all of the following functions EXCEPT

a. Amplification of a signal

b. Regulation of multiple signaling pathways

c. Generating a cell-type specific response to a signal

d. Breaking down ligands to terminate signal

e. More than one of the above

11. Which of the following are connective tissues?

a. adipose tissue, cartilage, bone, and blood *

b. bone, blood, and skin

c. red blood cells and neurons

d. cartilage, bone, and epithelium

e. adipose tissue, dense and loose connective tissues, and neurons

12. _____ feedback most directly maintains homeostasis because it _____.

a. Negative ... tends to keep a system at a desirable "set point"

b. Negative ... accentuates fluctuations and keeps the system from reaching equilibrium

c. Positive ... keeps systems constant despite fluctuations in the external environment

d. Positive ... magnifies deviations from the "set point"

e. none of the above

13. Which one of the following organs of the digestive system does not produce any secretions that aid in digestion?

a. large intestine

b. small intestine

c. stomach

d. liver

e. pancreas

14. In the alveoli and lung capillaries, carbon dioxide and oxygen are exchanged by means of _____. (42.5)

a. osmosis

b. active transport

c. endocytosis

d. pinocytosis

e. diffusion

15. Since most chemical signals are unable to pass through the plasma membrane, the cellular action they initiate results from _____.

a. ligand binding

b. the activation of a signal transduction pathway*

c. direct stimulation of the cell's DNA

d. the enzymatic behavior of the signal molecule

e. binding to intracellular receptors

16. Mammalian ventilation describes inhalation as

a. Rib muscles contract, diaphragm moves down

b. Rib muscles relax, diaphragm moves down

c. Rib muscles contract, diaphragm moves up

d. Rib muscles relax, diaphragm moves up

17. Which of the following is a long distance pattern of chemical communication?

a. Paracrine signaling

b. Neuroendocrine signaling

c. Autocrine signaling

d. Endocrine signaling

18. Which of the following regulate the increase of blood glucose levels in the blood?

a. Insulin

b. Melatonin

c. Glucagon

d. Parathyroid hormone (PTH)

e. Calcitonin

19. Which of the following is a way to treat HIV?

A. Protease inhibitors (inhibit post‐translationalprocessing of HIV proteins)

B. Entry inhibitors (inhibit fusion / entry of HIVvirus with host cell)

C. Integrase inhibitors (inhibit integration of DNAcopy of the HIV genome into the host genome)

D. Inhibitors of reverse transcriptase

E. All of the above

20. Which of the following is false?

A. Meristems are tissues with embryonic characteristicsthat give rise to new organs

B . Apicalmeristems add thickness to woody plants, aprocess called secondary growth

C. The vascular cambium adds layers of vascular tissue called secondary xylem (wood) andsecondary phloem

D. The cork cambium replaces the epidermis withperiderm.

21. Which of the following doesn’t match its function?

a. Stomata- regulate CO2 uptake for photosynthesis

b. Guard cells- which regulate its opening and closing of the stomata

c. Root hairs- decrease surface areafor absorbing

d. Cellulose microfibrils- restrict the direction of cell elongation

22. The caparsian strip prevents water and minerals from entering the stele through the

a. plasmodesmata

b. endodermal cells

c. symplast route

d. apoplast route

e. xylem vessels

23. Sieve-tube member cells have no______and therefore need companion cells

a. mitochondria b. chloroplasts c. Endoplasmic reticulum d. nucleus

24. Tight junctions are

a. belts around cells that prevent leaksb. anchoring junctions

c. junctions with continuous cytoplasm between cellsd. all of the above

25. Which of the following is NOT one of the four main stages of food processing?

  1. Absorption
  2. Elimination
  3. Ingestion
  4. Digestion
  5. All of the above is a stage of food processing

Answer key

1. E

2. A

3. D

4. B

5. D

6. B

7. A

8. A

9 C

10. D

11. A

12. A

13. A

14 E

15. B

16. A

17. D

18. C

19. E

20.B

21. C

22. D

23. D

24. A

25. E