Supplementary Tables

Table 1: Univariate Conditional Logistics Regression Analyses Results for DSWI

Variable / p-value / Odds Ratio for DSWI / 95% CI
Patient's age in years / .468 / 0.987 / .953 - 1.023
Female Gender / .333 / 1.623 / .656-3.951
White Race / .926 / 1.146 / .462 - 3.011
BMI ≥ 35 / .850 / 0.679 / .109 - 3.035
Referring hospital: PHHS vs non-PHHS / .544 / 0.668 / .228 - 1.913
NHSN risk score >1 / .999 / 0.963 / .410 - 2.219
MRSA screening / .640 / 0.712 / .241 - 2.000
Pre-op Mupirocin / .789 / 0.760 / .234 - 2.432
CHG baths / .921 / 1.142 / .462 - 2.910
Surgery time in hours / .141 / 1.186 / .945-1.488
CPBT ≥ 240 minutes / .972 / 1.274 / .238 - 5.864
IABP placement / .756 / 0.569 / .057 - 2.981
Antibiotic prophylaxis followed* / .756 / 0.700 / .321-1.533
RBC transfusion ≥ 4 units / .007 / 3.159 / 1.327-8.159
Preoperative anemia / .609 / 1.380 / .552 - 3.798
Platelet transfusion / .038 / 2.379 / 1.043-5.722
Renal failure/dialysis / .999 / 1.000 / 0.099 - 5.592
Presence of Diabetes / .118 / 1.902 / .865-4.290
COPD (Moderate to Severe chronic lung disease) / .255 / 1.693 / .715 - 3.917
Glycemia control (3BG < 175) / .970 / 0.851 / .257 - 3.274
Previous infection / .030 / 3.951 / 1.127-15.579
Chronic infection / .006 / 6.837 / 1.600-40.659
Immunosuppressed / .295 / 0.390 / .061 - 1.704
Acute infection / .265 / 1.863 / .662 – 5.084
Re-operation for bleeding / .160 / 2.571 / .714-8.936

Bold variables significant at p <0.20.

*Appropriate prophylactic antibiotic selection, timing and re-dosing as defined in methods section.

DSWI: deep sternal wound infection; CI: confidence interval; BMI: Body Mass Index; PHHS: Parkland Health and Hospital System; NHSN: National Healthcare Safety Network; MRSA: Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus; CHG: chlorhexidine gluconate; CPBT: cardiopulmonary bypass time; IABP: intra-aortic balloon pump; RBC: red blood cell; COPD: chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; 3BG: 3 day (day 0-2) average post-operative blood glucose;

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Table 2: Antibiotic Prophylaxis and Microbiology of DSWI Cases

Type of Surgery / Antibiotic / Time to Infection (days) / Isolate / Resistant to Prophylaxis (y/n)
Available Isolate Results
CABG / Cefuroxime / 13 / CoNS / Y
CABG / Cefuroxime / 56 / Haemophilus spp. / N
CABG / Vancomycin / 37 / VRE, Prevotella spp., Yeast / Y
CABG / Cefuroxime held/not given / 18 / CoNS / Y
CABG / Cefuroxime / 40 / Staphylococcus aureus / N
CABG / Cefuroxime / 98 / MRSA / Y
CABG / Cefuroxime / 17 / MRSA / Y
CABG / Cefuroxime / 11 / CoNS / Y
CABG / Cefuroxime / 11 / Staphylococcus epidermidis / Y
CABG / Cefuroxime / 17 / Citrobacter freundii / N
CABG/Valve / Cefuroxime / 8 / Enterococcus faecalis / Y
CABG/Valve / Cefuroxime / 24 / Pseudomonas aeruginosa, CoNS / Y
CABG/Valve / Vancomycin / 41 / MRSA, Mycobacterium fortuitum / Y
CABG/Valve / Ciprofloxacin+ Vancomycin / 42 / Klebsiellapneumoniae, Candida glabrata / Y
CABG/Valve/Other / Cefuroxime / 52 / Klebsiellapneumonia, Candida lusitaniae / Y
CABG/Valve/Other / Cefuroxime / 11 / CoNS / Y
OHT / Vancomycin / 13 / CoNS / N
OHT / Vancomycin / 161 / Proteus mirabilis / Y
OHT / Cefuroxime / 20 / Staphylococcus epidermidis / Y
OHT* / Cefuroxime / 7 / Staphylococcus epidermidis / Y
OHT* / Cefuroxime / 9 / Staphylococcus epidermidis / Y
OHT* / Vancomycin+Cefuroxime / 5 / CoNS / N
OHT / Cefuroxime / 17 / Staphylococcus epidermidis, Enterobacter cloacae / Y
OHT* / Levofloxacin +Vancomycin / 58 / Fungal (Mucor spp.) / Y
OHT / Cefuroxime / 62 / Pseudomonas aeruginosa / Y
Other VASC / Cefuroxime / 16 / CoNS / Y
Valve / Cefuroxime / 1 / Staphylococcus aureus / N
Valve / Vancomycin + Rifampicin / 8 / Enterobacter aerogenes / Y
Valve / Vancomycin / 8 / Escherichia coli / Y
Valve/VAD* / Vancomycin / 22 / Bipolaris spp. / Y
Valve-Other VASC / Cefuroxime / 7 / Staphylococcus epidermidis / N
Valve-Other VASC / Cefuroxime / 6 / Pseudomonas aeruginosa / Y
Negative or Unavailable Results
CABG / Cefuroxime / 17 / No Cultures / N/A
CABG / Cefuroxime / 15 / No Cultures / N/A
CABG/Valve/Other / Vancomycin / 14 / Culture Negative / N/A
OHT / Cefuroxime / 13 / Culture Negative / N/A
VAD / Vancomycin / 98 / Culture Negative / N/A
VAD / Vancomycin / 38 / Culture Negative / N/A
Valve / Cefuroxime / 8 / No Cultures / N/A

*Patient had VAD placement in previous surgery

CABG: Coronary artery bypass graft surgery; OHT: Orthotopic heart transplant; VASC: Vascular surgery (procedure on aorta); VAD: Ventricular assistive device; CoNS: Coagulase-negative Staphylococci, not further speciated; VRE: Vancomycin-resistant Enterococci; Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus

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