Study Guide – Ecology (Part #1) Name: ______

13.1-13.2, 13.5, 14.1-14.4, 15.3-15.5 Date: ______Pd: ___

1. Fill in the blanks with the appropriate biomes: Taiga Tropical rainforest Grassland Desert

Tundra Temperate deciduous forest

______a. Extreme dryness with hot and cold temperatures. Plants are able to store water.

______b. Cold, dry, treeless region. Receives little precipitation and is covered in ice.

______c. Has four distinct seasons. Wide range of temperatures and precipitation.

______d. Found in temperate or tropical regions with little precipitation. Populated mostly

by tall grasses, scattered trees and shrubs.

______e. Warm temperatures, wet weather, and lush plant life. Located near the equator.

______f. Cold forest dominated by cone-bearing evergreen trees. Precipitation is mostly

snow.

2. Use the following terms to match the correct example: organism community ecosystem

population biome ecology

______a. A blue heron sits beside a pond.

______b. The study of the interactions among living things and their surroundings.

______c. Most of Costa Rica has dense forests with much rainfall and biodiversity.

______d. 200,000,000 black ants are in a line to the picnic table.

______e. On the campus of LHS, birds, squirrels, and mice live together.

______f. In a swamp, there is grass, mud, fish, alligators, rain, algae, and warm weather.

3. Use Figure 13.2 to answer the following questions:

/ a. List two biotic factors in the picture.
b. List two abiotic factors in the picture.
c. The tree in the picture is an example of an autotroph, also known as
a ______.
d. Almost all autotrophs get their energy from the ______through
a process called ______.

4. Use figure 13.1 to answer the questions:

/ a. Which biogeochemical cycle is shown at left? ______
b. ______and ______are processes that account
for much of the transformation and movement of carbon.
c. Which other cycle depends directly on photosynthesis besides the
one shown at left?

5. Another name for the water cycle is the ______cycle.

6. Fossil fuels are a part of the ______cycle.

7. ______help convert gaseous nitrogen into ammonia in the nitrogen cycle.

8. The process in #7 is called ______in the nitrogen cycle.

9. The four processes that take place to cycle water in the hydrologic cycle are

a. ______b. ______c. ______d. ______

10. Matching:

The diagrams below show different kinds of interactions between species:

a. Refer to the illustration above. The relationship shown in diagram ____ above is mutualism.

b. Refer to the illustration above. The relationship shown in diagram ____ above is parasitism.

c. Refer to the illustration above. The relationship shown in diagram ____ above is commensalism.

11. Fill in the blanks with the following terms: immigration logistic growth carrying capacity

emigration limiting factor exponential growth

births deaths

a. When resources are abundant in a particular area, individuals may move into the population of this

area. This movement of individuals into a population from a different population is called

______.

b. A very cold winter has left many deer in a population hungry and sick. By the end of the winter, this

population will likely decrease because of ______.

c. The maximum number of deer this ecosystem will hold is called the ______.

d. The type of population growth curve showing the carrying capacity of a population using an S-shaped

line is ______.

e. The type of population growth curve (J-shaped) that shows a huge increase in population due to an

abundance of natural resources and limited predators is ______. This type

of population growth is at risk for a population crash.

f. A deer population experiences growth when the rate of reproduction increases. This change in

population size is due to ______.

g. As humans move into their territory, many members of a deer population move away and join other

herds. This movement of individuals out of a population into a new population is called

______.

12. Compare and Contrast:

Contrast Density-Dependent Limiting Factors / Compare Density-Dependent and Density-Independent Limiting Factors / Contrast Density-Independent Limiting Factors
Example: / Example:

13. Determine which ecological factors are a part of a lion’s niche and which are a part of a lion’s

habitat by placing the items on the left into the correct columns on the right.

Terms / Habitat / Niche
food trees
hunting behavior zebra
other lions sand
watering hole grass
temperature grasslands
wildebeest (savanna)

14. Fill in the blanks with the following aquatic ecosystems terms: Open Ocean, Rocky Intertidal, Estuaries, Freshwater

a. ______temperature range varies with latitude and water depth, sunlight

decreases with water depth, water density changes with temperature and salt content, fish, dolphins, whales, etc. can be found here.

b. ______seasonal fluctuations of depth and temperature, freshwater plants, algae, insects, fish, wading birds, various plankton.

c. ______alternating exposure to direct sunlight and submergence, salinity

changes, rocky substrate, algae, sea urchins, clams, mussels, starfish.

d. ______large fluctuations in salinity, extreme temperature changes, algae, mosses, aquatic plants, insects, shrimp, crabs, amphibians, birds.