Science Chapter 6 (B) Study Guide: KEY
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Date ______
Science Chapter 6 (B) Study Guide: KEY
Matter and Energy
Complete each statement with the correct term from the chapter.
1.A(n) ___OPAQUE______material does not allow light to pass through it.
2.You do not change the type of material when you make a (n)_PHYSICAL CHANGE_.
3.A(n) __PRISM_____can separate white light into bands of colored light.
4.The average of energy of the particles in a substance is described by its
__TEMPERATURE______.
5.__LIGHT______is a form of energy that allows us to see objects.
6.The amount of space an object takes up is its ____VOLUME______.
7._____TRANSLUCENT___ materials allow light to pass, but scatter the rays so that you cannont see through them clearly.
8.A mirror ____REFLECTS____light in a different direction.
9.The bending of light when it passes from one transparntmaterail into another is called __REFRACTION____.
10.Mass and __WEIGHT_____are not the same.
11. __CONVEX__ lenses are used for reading glasses because they make objects appear bigger.
12. Which of the following is NOT a physical change? Why?
a.) boiling waterb.) cutting paper into strips
c.) limestone eroding because of acid rain
d.) molding a piece of clay into a sculpture
Why?__LIMESTONE ERODING IS NOT A PHYSICAL CHANGE BECAUSE THE END PRODUCT IS NOT THE SAME AS THE BEGINNING PRODUCT. MATTER HAS BEEN LOST.___
13.What happens when white light strikes a red ball?
ONLY RED LIGHT IS REFLECTED, ALL OTHER COLORS ARE ABSORBED
14.What would you use to measure the mass of an object?
__A PAN BALANCE___. What units would you use?_GRAMS______
15.Matter is anything that has mass and takes up space. Give an example of something that is NOT matter. __LIGHT______
16) What might happen to a solid like an ice cube if it were dropped into boiling water? What would happen to the particles?_IT WOULD MELT AND BECOME LIQUID. THE PARTICLES WOULD MOVE MORE QUICKLY BECAUSE OF THE HEAT BEING ADDED.__
17.)Describe the physical properties of a gas. A liquid. How are they alike? How are they different.
A GAS DOES NOT HAVE A DEFINITE SHAPE AND DOES NOT TAKE UP A DEFINITE AMOUNT OF SPACE. A LIQUID TAKES UP A DEFINITE AMOUNT OF SPACE BUT DOES NOT HAVE A DEFINITE SHAPE. A GAS HAS MORE ENERGY THAN A LIQUID.
18.) Energy is constantly changing from one form to another. Give an example of ahousehold object that transforms energy.
POSSIBLE ANSWER-OBJECTS LIKE LIGHT BULBS TRANSFORM ELECTRICAL ENERGY INTO RADIANT ENERGY.
19.) What is the difference between mass and weight?
THE MASS OF AN OBJECT IS THE AMOUNT OF MATTER IN AN OBJECT. THE WEIGHT OF AN OBJECT IS A MEASURE OF HOW MUCH GRAVITY IS PULLING ON AN OBJECT’S MASS. AN OBJECT’S MASS IS THE SAME EVERYWHERE, BUT ITS WEIGHT CHANGES ON DIFFERENT PLANETS.
20.) How are reflection and refraction different? How are they similar?
Give examples of each.
*REFLECTION IS WHEN LIGHT BOUNCES OFF A SURFACE, SUCH AS A MIRROR.
*REFRACTION IS WHEN LIGHT RAYS CHANGE DIRECTION BECAUSE THEY TRAVEL INTO A DIFFERENT SUBSTANCE, SUCH AS WHEN LIGHT MOVES FROM AIR INTO WATER.
*THEY BOTH CHANGE THE DIRECTION IN WHICH LIGHT RAYS ARE TRAVELING.
21.) A small 20-gram steel ball is placed in a tub of water. It quickly sinks to the bottom. A much larger 20-gram steel ball is also placed in the tub of water. It floats near the surface. Why? How could you test your theory?
THE SMALL BALL IS PROBABLY SOLID. ITS DENSITY IS MUCH GREATER THAN THE DENSITY OF WATER, THEREFORE IT SINKS. THE LARGER STEEL BALL IS PROBABLY HOLLOW AND FILLED WITH AIR. THE OVERALL DENSITY OF THE BALL IS LOWER THAN THE DENSITY OF WATER, THEREFORE IT FLOATS. THE BALLS COULD BE CUT IN HALF TO DETERMINE IF THEY ARE SOLID OR HOLLOW.
Test Date: ______
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