REVIEW PACKET - Physical Science 2 Final Exam

REVIEW PACKET - Physical Science 2 Final Exam

WNHS Physical Science2017 Final Exam Review

NAME:______DATE:______PERIOD:______

REVIEW PACKET - Physical Science 2 Final Exam

***************************************ENERGY UNIT****************************************

______Thermal
______Gravitational
______Electric
______Radiant
______Elastic
______Sonic
______Potential
______Nuclear
______Chemical
______Kinetic / A.Energy that comes from the fission and fusion of atoms
B.Energy stored in an object due to its height above the ground
C.The energy of heat
D.Energy that travels as waves
E.Energy that comes from the bonds between atoms in a molecule
F.A general term that describes all of the energies that come from motion
G.Energy that comes from the flow of moving electrons
H.A general term meaning energy that is stored and waiting to be released
I.A vibration that travels as a wave through air, liquids, and solids; sound
J.Energy stored in an object that has been, stretched, squeezed, or bent
  1. _____ Which of the following statements is FALSE according to the Law of Conservation of Energy?

A) Energy cannot be created

B) Energy cannot be destroyed

C) The total amount of energy in the universe is slowly decreasing as it gets used up

D) The total amount of energy in the universe never changes

  1. _____ Which of the objects listed below has the most kinetic energy?

A) a bicycle moving at 25 mphC) a bicycle moving at 60 mph

B) a school bus moving at 25 mphD) a school bus moving at 60 mph

  1. _____ Which of the objects listed below has the most potential energy?

A) a basketball held out of a 3rd floor windowC) a bowling ball held out of a 3rd floor window

B) a basketball held out of a 10th floor windowD) a bowling ball held out of a 10th floor window

  1. The picture below shows a ball rolling down a hill. The total energyof the ball is 80 Joules. What is the potential energy and kinetic energy of the ball at EACH height?

  1. A car starts at the top of a hill with 100 Joules of Potential Energy.
  1. What will the Kinetic Energy of the car be when it reaches the bottom of the hill?
  1. If the car is 8 kg, what is its velocity at the bottom of the hill?
  1. A firework explodes and flies into the air. Describe 4 different types of energy that are present in this system. (4 points)
  1. Come up with three different energy transformations following the example below:

A cell phone is plugged into a charger for electricity → / A cell phone’s battery transforms the electricity into chemical potential energy → / The CPE is transformed into light (radiant energy), sound (sonic energy), and Electricity

***************************************************WAVES UNIT*****************************************************

______Compression
______Constructive
Interference
______Destructive
Interference
______Frequency
______Longitudinal
______Rarefaction
______Transverse / A.Type of wave that moves up and down as it travels.
B.Type of wave that only moves left and right as it travels.
C.Area in a wave where molecules are pushed close together
D.When two waves that are in-phase meet to create a larger wave.
E.When two waves that are out-of-phase meet to create a smaller wave.
F.The number of waves that pass by in a period of time.
G.Area in a wave where molecules are spread far apart.
  1. Label the following terms on the wave below: Amplitude, Crest, Rest, Trough, and Wavelength.
  1. Correctly order the different types of electromagnetic waves: Gamma rays, Infrared light, Microwaves, Radio waves, Ultraviolet light, Visible light, X-rays
  1. How do you increase volume of a sound wave?
  1. How do you increase pitch of a sound wave?

***************************************MOTION UNIT***************************************

  1. Identify if the objects in the following scenarios are accelerating or not AND explain your answer.
  1. A race car travels at 100 mph around a circular racetrack.
  1. A car traveling at 10 m/s comes to a stop at a red light.
  1. Ms. Oster walked down a straight hallway at 2 m/s.
  1. A cheetah starting from rest runs up to 80 mph to catch its prey.
  1. Draw P vs. T graphs,AND V vs. T graphs of the following situations.
  1. Starting at p = 0 m and moves forward with constant velocity.
  1. Starting at p = 0 m and moves backwards with constant velocity.
  1. Starting at p > 0 m and moves backwards with constant velocity.
  1. Starting at p= 0 m and speeds up
  1. Starting at p = 0 m and slows down
  1. Starting at p > 0 m and doesnt move.
  1. Starting at p = 0 m and speeds up in the negative direction
  1. Starting at p = 0 m and slows down in the negative direction

****************************************FORCES UNIT***************************************

  1. What are the units for force?
  2. m/s2C. Newtons
  3. JoulesD. kg
  1. What are the units for mass?
  2. m/s2C. Newtons
  3. JoulesD. kg
  1. What are the units for acceleration?
  2. m/s2C. Newtons
  3. JoulesD. kg
  1. Inertia is…
  2. An object’s desire to slow down.
  3. An object’s resistance to change its motion.
  4. The amount of force needed to change an object’s motion.
  5. How much an object is able accelerate.
  1. According to the formula F=ma, the larger the force applied…
  2. The larger the acceleration of the object.
  3. The smaller the acceleration of the object.
  4. The larger the mass of the object.
  5. The smaller the mass of the object.
  1. According to the formula F=ma…
  2. More mass means more force needed to move an object.
  3. More mass means less force needed to move an object.
  4. More mass means more acceleration.
  1. Earth’s gravity pulls down on you with 600 N. The reaction force is…
  2. The ground pushing up on you with a force less than 600 N.
  3. The ground pushing up on you with a force greater than 600 N.
  4. The ground pushing up on you with a force equal to 600 N.
  5. There is no reaction force.
  1. Weight is the same thing as…
  2. Frictional forceC. Applied force
  3. Normal forceD. Gravitational force
  1. No matter what planet you are on, your ______is always the same.
  2. WeightC. Acceleration
  3. MassD. All of the above
  4. An astronaut travels to a newly discovered planet. He is able to jump a lot higher on this planet than he can on Earth. The gravity on this new planet must be….
  5. Less than Earth’sC. You can’t tell
  6. More than Earth’sD. The same as Earth’s
  1. A box sits on a table. The force of the table pushing up on the box is the…
  2. Frictional forceC. Normal force
  3. Gravitational forceD. Applied force
  1. A box sits on a table. The box’s weight pulling it down is the...
  2. Frictional forceC. Normal force
  3. Gravitational forceD. Applied force
  1. Inertia depends ONLY on…
  2. AccelerationC. Gravity
  3. Applied forceD. mass
  1. Acceleration is when an object…
  2. Slows downC. Changes direction
  3. Speeds upD. All of the above

TRUE OR FALSE: If it is false, EXPLAIN WHY.

  1. A car is driving at a constant speed of 3 m/s. The forces on the car are balanced.
  1. A car is stopped at a light. The forces on the car are unbalanced.
  1. A car is slowing down after is sees a police car. The forces on the car are balanced.
  1. A box is pushed across a table causing it to speed up. The applied force must be larger than the frictional force.
  1. An elevator is rising at a constant speed. The tensional force must be larger than the gravitational force.
  1. When you pull on a flower, it pulls back on you with an equal force.

************************************ELECTRICITY UNIT***************************************

Matching
______Resistance
______Circuit
______Voltage
______Conductor
______Source
______Load
______Insulator
______Ground
______Current
______Electrons / A. The positive end of the power source; where electrons flow INTO
B. Very tiny, negatively charged particles
C. A steady flow of electrons
D. A material that electrons can easily flow through
E. The negative end of the power source; where electrons flow OUT OF
F. A path that electricity flows through
G. A device on a circuit that uses electricity to do useful work
H. Something that does not allow electrons to flow easily
I. The push that makes electrons flow
J. Opposition to the flow of electrons
  1. Draw a circuit diagram of a series circuit and a parallel circuit using the correct symbols. Each circuit must contain 1 battery, 2 bulbs, and a switch.

Series Circuit / Parallel Circuit
  1. Insert a switch in the circuit diagram above that will turn off only two bulbs. Label it A.
  2. Insert a switch that will turn off all the bulbs. Label it B.
  3. Insert a switch that will turn off only one of the bulbs. Label it C.

  1. _____ Which of the following materials would be used on the inside of a power cord and why?

A)Lead; conductor C) Lead; insulator

B)Rubber; insulator D) Plastic, conductor

  1. _____ Which of the following materials would be used on the outside of a power cord and why?

A)Lead; conductor C) Lead; insulator

B)Rubber; insulator D) Plastic, conductor

  1. _____ As you increase the resistance in a circuit what happens to the current?

A)Decrease B) Increase C) Stays the same

  1. _____ As you increase the voltage in a circuit what happens to the current?

A)Decrease B) Increase C) Stays the same

  1. _____ Electric current always flows from ______to ______.

A)Source to GroundC) Positive to Negative

B)Ground to SourceD) None of the above

Some students were given four different pieces of wire A, B, C, and D. They connect a circuit like the one below. In the empty space they connect each wire, one at a time, to test it. The table shows their results.

Wire / A / B / C / D
Lamp / No light / bright / dim / No light
  1. Which piece(s) of wire allows the current to pass through it most easily? Explain your answer.

  1. Which piece(s) of wire is most likely an insulator? Explain your answer.

  1. Rank the wires from highest resistance to lowest resistance:
______= ______> ______> ______

****************************************UNIVERSE UNIT*************************************

______Supernova
______Spiral
______Red Giant
______Fusion
______Galaxy
______Protostar
______Elliptical
______Cosmic Background Radiation
______Nebula
______Irregular
______Red Shift
______Big Bang /
  1. The process that releases heat and light by combining elements
  2. A galaxy with no defined shape
  3. A spherical galaxy with relatively old, dim stars
  4. A group of millions of stars that are clustered together
  5. Theory that states the universe was created from a small, very dense point
  6. A tightly packed cloud within a nebula that is very hot but does not yet give off any light because nuclear fusion hasn’t started
  7. A galaxy shaped like a spinning disk with young, bright stars
  8. Large clouds of gas and dust that float in space
  9. A large and relatively cool star that is powered by helium fusion
  10. An enormous explosion given off by large stars when they die
  11. Shown by longer wavelengths of light when galaxies move away
  12. Steady but faint microwaves and radiowaves in space

  1. What are the two main pieces of evidence for the Big Bang Theory? Explain.
  1. Why are Red Giants so bright even though they are relatively cool?
  1. Why are White Dwarfs so dim, even though they are very hot?
  1. Sketch an HR Diagram and label: the main sequence, a hot bright star called A, a cool dim star called B, a supergiant C, and an orange main sequence star D.
  1. List the stages of a star’s life cycle:

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