Phytochemical, Antioxidan and Antimicrobial Studies on Leaves of Jatropha Curcas Linn

PHYTOCHEMICAL, ANTIOXIDANT AND

ANTHELMINTIC STUDIES ON

LEAVES OF

JATROPHA CURCAS Linn

SYNOPSIS FOR

M.PHARM DISSERTATION

SUBMITTED TO

RAJIVGANDHIUNIVERSITY OF HEALTH SCIENCES

BY

KHAMER FATHIMA KHANUM

Department of Pharmacognosy

THE OXFORDCOLLEGE OF PHARMACY

BANGALORE-78

RAJIVGANDHIUNIVERSITY OF HEALTH SCIENCES

KARNATAKA, BANGALORE

ANNEXURE –11

PROFORMA FOR REGISTRATION OF SUBJECTS FOR DISSERTATION

6. Brief resume of the intended work:

6.1 – Need for the study:

Jatropha curcas (Euphorbiaceae) also known as Physic nut, Barbados nut, Black vomit nut, Curcas beans, Purge nut etc., is a drought resistance perinnial plant growing on marginal soils. This plant is widespread throughout arid, semi arid tropical regions of the world. The leaf, fruits, latex and bark contain glycosides, tannins, phytosterols, flavonoids and steroidal sapogenins that exhibit antibacterial and antifungal activities1.

The latex of Jatropha curcas contains alkaloids including jatrophin, jatropham and curcain with anti-cancerous activity. It is also used externally against skin diseases, piles and sores. The roots are known to contain an antidote against snake venom. The white latex serves as a disinfectant in mouth infections in children2 .

So far there is scientific data reported for certain pharmacological activities of the plant Jatropha curcas, but still there are many activities which have not been taken up for the studies. So an attempt is made to establish some of these activities.

Therefore in present study it is proposed to carryout isolation of the chemical constituents from the leaves of Jatropha curcas and in-vitro antioxidant and anthelmintic activity of the extract and/or isolated compounds.

6.2 – Review of Literature:

• Lectin activity in a toxic and non toxic variety of Jatropha curcas seed meal was investigated using latex agglutination and haemagglutination assays3.

• Three deoxypreussomerins, palmarumycins CP1, JC1 and JC2, have been isolated from stems of Jatropha curcas. The second and third compounds are reported to be antibacterial4.

• It has been reported that ash of seeds (4.38%) contained calcium, magnesium, sodium, potassium and traces of phosphorus, presence of oleic, linoleic, myristic, palmitic, stearic, archidic acids and sitosterol; detection of glucose, arabinose, xylose and rhamnose are also has been reported in seeds5.

• Alcoholic extract of leaves and twigs of Jatropha curcas showed activity both in-vivo and in-vitro against P-388 lymphocytic leukemia. Vitexin and isovitexin isolated from leaves; two new flavonoid glycosides I and II along with stigmasterol and β-sitosterol;β-sitosterol-β-D-glucoside, 7-keto-β-sitosterol, sigmasterol, stigmast-5-en-3β, 7α–diol, stigmast-5-en-3β,7β -diol, compesterol and 1-triacontanol are isolated 6.

• Four novel diterpenes-curcusones A, B, C and D are isolated and their structure elucidated. Also a new diterpenoid-jatrophol has been isolated from roots along with jatrophin, jatropholones A and B, taraxerol, β-sitosterol and its glucoside. Oleic, linoleic, palmetic and stearic acids are also reported in seed oil7.

• Four globulins and seven albumins, a proteolytic enzyme curcain are isolated from latex; a new tetracyclic triterpene ester-jatrocurin isolated from stem; scopoletin methyl ether, friedelin and peifriedelinol are also isolated8.

6.3 – Objective of the study:

The objective of present studies is to collect the drug i.e., (leaf of Jatropha curcas) from various places in Tumkur and Bangalore and further authenticated from CCRAS Bangalore and used to carryout the extraction and isolation of phytoconstituents from selected extracts, based on the phytochemical screening and further characterization of isolated compoupunds by using analytical methods like UV, IR, and NMR spectroscopy. The different extracts and/or isolated compounds would be studied for in-vitro antioxidant and an anthelmenthic activity.

7. Material and Methods:

7.1 a) Source of Date:

Chemical abstracts, Internet search on google.com, and other Journals

from the OxfordCollege of Pharmacy, RGUHS-Digital Library.

b) Place of Work:

The OxfordCollege of Pharmacy, Bangalore.

7.2 Method of Collection of Data:

• Collection -- Authenticated samples of leaf of Jatropha curcas Linn from various places of Tumkur and Bangalore.
• Extraction – Extracts of drugs will be prepared using different solvents by maceration/soxhlet.
• Phytochemical Screening– The extract would be subjected for preliminary phytochemical screening for various phytochemical groups.
• Isolation – Isolation of extracted phytoconstituents will be done using column chromatography/separation method.
• Identification and characterization – The isolated compounds will be identified using analytical methods like UV, IR and NMR spectroscopy.
• Antioxidant activity – The extracts and/or isolated compounds will be studied for in-vitro antioxidant activity of DPPH9/superoxide radical method12.
• Antihelmintic activity -- The extracts and/or isolated compounds will be studied for anthelmintic activity11(by using earthworm pheretima posthuma).

7.3 – Does the study require any investigations or inventions to be

conducted on patients or other humans or animals?

If so, please describe briefly:

- Not applicable -

7.4 - Has ethical clearance has been obtained from your institution in case

of 7.3?

- Not applicable -

1. Bibliography:

1. Debnath Mousumi, Bison PS. The leaf, fruit, latex and bark contains

glycoside, tannin, phytosterone shows antibacterial and antifungal

activity. Current pharmaceutical biotechnology; 2008; (9): 288- 306

(19).

1. Thomas Rena, Shah Nand K, Sharma PB. Current pharmaceutical

Biotechnology; 2008; (9): 351-324(10).

1. Aregheore EM, Makkar PS, Becker k. Assessment of lectin activity in a

toxic and a non-toxic variety of Jatropha curcas using latex

agglutination and haemogglutination methods and inactiviation of lectin

by heat treatment. Medicinal and Aromatic plants 1999; 21(4): 538.

1. Ravindranath N, Reddy MR, Mahender, G, Ramu R, Ravi Kumar K,

Das B, Deoxypressomerins from Jatropha curcas, Medicinal and

Aromatic plants 2005; 27(2): 190.

1. Rastogi Ram P, Mehrotra BN, Sinha Sharadha, Pant Pushpa, Seth Renu.

Compendium of Indian Medicinal and Aromatic Plants New Delhi

1999;(1): 230.

1. Rastogi Ram P, Mehtrotra BN, Sinha Sharadha, Srivastava Mukta,

Bhushan Bela. Compendium of Indian Medicinal and Aromatic plants

New Delhi 1999;(2): 397.

1. Rastogi Ram P, Mehrotra BN, Sinha Sharadha, Srinivasa Mukta,

Bhushan Bela. Compendium of Indian Medicinal and Aromatic plants

New Delhi 2002;(4): 410.

1. Rastogi Ram P, Mehrotra BN, Sinha Sharadha, Srinivasa Mukta,

Bhushan Bela. Compendium of Indian Medicinal and Aromatic plants

New Delhi 1994;(5): 463.

9. Vani T, Rajani M, Sarkar S, Shishoo C. Antioxidant properties of the

Ayurvedic Formulation Triphala and its constituents.

Int.J.Pharmacognosy 1997; 35(5): 313-7.

10. Beavchamp C, Fridovich I. Superoxide dismutase: Improved assay

and an assay application to aurylamide gets and biochem 1971;

44:276-7.

11. Dash G K, Mishra B, Panda A, Patro CP, Gagapaty S, Anthelmintic

activity of Evolulus nummularius. Indian journal of natural product

2003;(19): 24-25.