Name:______

Physical Science: Newton’s Laws of Motion

Study Guide

Chapter 6 in textbook

1.  What is the speed of an object?

2.  What is the velocity of an object?

3.  When is an object accelerating?

4.  What would happen if you dropped a golf ball and a bowling ball off the top of a building? Which would land first?

5.  The ______due to gravity is the same for all objects. Explain this statement. Draw a picture to show an example of this.

6.  What is the rate of acceleration for all objects, due to gravitational pull? What does this number mean?

7.  If all objects fall to the earth at the same rate of acceleration due to gravity, why does a feather drop more slowly than a marble?

8.  What is Newton’s First Law of Motion? Tell what it means in your own words.

9.  The first part of Newton’s First Law talks about objects at rest remaining at rest. Are the forces on these objects balanced or unbalanced? How do you know?

10. The second part of Newton’s First Law talks about objects in motion remaining in motion unless other forces act on it. Are moving objects experiencing balanced forces or unbalanced forces?

11. What is the primary force that works against motion?

12. Describe a circumstance where you want friction to work against Newton’s First Law. (Note: I said DESCRIBE. One or two words is not a description.)

13. Newton’s First Law also has another name. What is it?

14. Copy Newton’s Second Law here:

15. Now rewrite the law in your own words.

16. If you pushed these two grocery carts with the same amount of force, which would accelerate faster? Explain this using Newton’s Second Law.

17. Which will accelerate faster, shopping cart “A” which is pushed with a force of 10 N or shopping cart “B” which is pushed with a force of 30 N?

Mass = 10kg Mass = 10kg

A B

You will use the following formulas for the next two questions:

a = F/m F = m times a

18. If an object has a mass of 20 kg and has a force of 100 N exerted on it, what would be its acceleration? Show your work, including which formula you used!!!

19. If an object has a mass of 2.5 kg and is accelerating at 4 m/s/s, what would be the force on the object? Show your work, including which formula you used!!!

20. Name two ways to increase the acceleration of an object.

21. Copy Newton’s Third Law.

22. Rewrite Newton’s Third Law in your own words.

23. What is a “force pair”? Give an example.

24. Explain the action of jumping on a trampoline using your new understanding of Newton’s Third Law. Be sure to identify the force pair. Draw arrows to show the forces.

25. Using the example of the trampoline above, explain what happens to you if you jump harder, according to Newton’s Second Law. Draw new force arrows to illustrate this.

26. What would happen if someone who was less massive jumped on the trampoline. Would they need to use more force, or less force, to get the same acceleration as the person in question 25. (Hint: use the formula for Newton’s Second Law and make up some numbers for the people’s masses to check out your prediction.)

27. What is momentum?

28. When we throw a bowling ball, we can make the pins fall down (assuming we are good at it, or the bumpers are up!). Explain what is happening, using the term momentum. Draw a sketch to help.

29. Which has more momentum, a mouse running at 1 m/s north or an elephant walking at 3 m/s east? Explain your answer.