ANNEX 3
International, National and Regional Declarations, Conventions, Laws, etc which protect the Right to peace in a sustainable planet.
On an International level:
“The environment is never specifically mentioned in the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, yet if you deliberately dump toxic waste in someone's community or disproportionately exploit their natural resources without adequate consultation and compensation, clearly you are abusing their rights. Over the past 60 years, as our recognition of environmental degradation has grown so has our understanding that changes in the environment can have a significant impact on our ability to enjoy our human rights. In no other area is it so clear that the actions of nations, communities, businesses and individuals can so dramatically affect the rights of others - because damaging the environment can damage the rights of people, near and far, to a secure and healthy life.” UN Office of the High Commissioner of Human Rights
One international reference we can consider with regards toHuman Rights to A Safe and Healthy Environment is promoted by The People's Movement for Human Rights Education:
“Every woman, man, youth and child has the human right to a safe and healthy environment, and to other fundamental human rights linked to and dependent upon a healthy environment.”
With this in mind we are able to identify the following references to the Right to peace in a sustainable planet:
"Everyone, as a member of society, ... is entitled to realization ... of the economic, social and cultural rights indispensable for his dignity.... Everyone has the right to a standard of living adequate for ... health and well-being.... Everyone has the right ... to share in scientific advancement and its benefits...."
Universal Declaration of Human Rights, Articles 22, 25, and 27
"States Parties recognize the right of the child to the enjoyment of the highest attainable standard of health...; shall ... combat disease and malnutrition ... through the provision of adequate and nutritious foods and clean drinking water, taking into consideration the dangers ... of environmental pollution.... States Parties recognize ... the right of every child to a standard of living adequate for the child’s physical, mental, spiritual, moral and social development...”
UN Declaration on the Right to Development:
Convention on the Rights of the Child, Articles 24 and 27:
Article 24
1. States Parties recognize the right of the child to the enjoyment of the highest attainable standard of health and to facilities for the treatment of illness and rehabilitation of health. States Parties shall strive to ensure that no child is deprived of his or her right of access to such health care services.
2. States Parties shall pursue full implementation of this right and, in particular, shall take appropriate measures:
(a) To diminish infant and child mortality;
(b) To ensure the provision of necessary medical assistance and health care to all children with emphasis on the development of primary health care;
(c) To combat disease and malnutrition, including within the framework of primary health care, through, inter alia, the application of readily available technology and through the provision of adequate nutritious foods and clean drinking-water, taking into consideration the dangers and risks of environmental pollution;
(d) To ensure appropriate pre-natal and post-natal health care for mothers;
(e) To ensure that all segments of society, in particular parents and children, are informed, have access to education and are supported in the use of basic knowledge of child health and nutrition, the advantages of breastfeeding, hygiene and environmental sanitation and the prevention of accidents;
(f) To develop preventive health care, guidance for parents and family planning education and services.
3. States Parties shall take all effective and appropriate measures with a view to abolishing traditional practices prejudicial to the health of children.
4. States Parties undertake to promote and encourage international co-operation with a view to achieving progressively the full realization of the right recognized in the present article. In this regard, particular account shall be taken of the needs of developing countries.
Article 27
1. States Parties recognize the right of every child to a standard of living adequate for the child's physical, mental, spiritual, moral and social development.
2. The parent(s) or others responsible for the child have the primary responsibility to secure, within their abilities and financial capacities, the conditions of living necessary for the child's development.
3. States Parties, in accordance with national conditions and within their means, shall take appropriate measures to assist parents and others responsible for the child to implement this right and shall in case of need provide material assistance and support programmes, particularly with regard to nutrition, clothing and housing.
4. States Parties shall take all appropriate measures to secure the recovery of maintenance for the child from the parents or other persons having financial responsibility for the child, both within the State Party and from abroad. In particular, where the person having financial responsibility for the child lives in a State different from that of the child, States Parties shall promote the accession to international agreements or the conclusion of such agreements, as well as the making of other appropriate arrangements.
Convention on the Rights ofthe Child, Articles 24 and 27
There have also been commitments made at the Earth Summit in Rio in 1992, the World Conference on Women in Beijing in 1995, the Habitat II conference in Istanbul in 1996 in the Millennium Development Goals in 2000, Rio+20Declaration on Justice, Governance and Law for Environmental Sustainability in 2012, Sustainable Development Goals.
Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) refer to an agreement of the United Nations Conference on Sustainable Development held in Rio de Janeiro in June 2012 (Rio+20), to develop a set of future international development goals. The current development agenda is centred on the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) that were officially established following the Millennium Summit of the United Nations (UN) in 2000. The MDGs encapsulate eight globally agreed goals in the areas of poverty alleviation, education, gender equality and empowerment of women, child and maternal health, environmental sustainability, reducing HIV/AIDS and communicable diseases, and building a global partnership for development.
As the target date of the MDGs, 2015, is approaching, a debate on the framework of international development beyond 2015 has started. In this vein, 192 UN member states agreed at the Rio+20 summit to start a process of designing sustainable development goals, which are “action-oriented, concise and easy to communicate, limited in number, aspirational, global in nature and universally applicable to all countries while taking into account different national realities, capacities and levels of development and respecting national policies and priorities”.
The Rio+20 outcome document, “The Future We Want”, also calls for the goals to be integrated into the UN’s post-2015 Development Agenda.
Here are a couple of key references:
"Human beings are at the centre of concerns for sustainable development. They are entitled to a healthy and productive life in harmony with nature.... In order to achieve sustainable development, environmental protection shall constitute an integral part of the development process and cannot be considered in isolation from it...”
Rio Declaration, Principles 1 and 4
"We are confronted with...a worsening of poverty, hunger, ill health and illiteracy, and the continuing deterioration of the ecosystems.... However, integration of environment and development concerns and greater attention to them will lead to the fulfilment of basic needs, improved living standards for all, better protected and managed ecosystems and a safer, more prosperous future.... Objective: ... By the year 2000 ... incorporate ... environmental ... safeguards as part of ... development...; Establish ... programmes for providing environmental injury, hazard surveillance and the basis for abatement in all countries;... Establish ... programmes for tackling pollution at the source and at the disposal site...; Control ... use of pesticides...; Establish industrial hygiene programmes in ... major industries for... surveillance of workers' exposure to health hazards...."
Agenda 21, Chapter 1, para. 1 and Chapter 6, para. 40
On a European level:
EU Climate Change Poicy
Following on from work under the European Climate Change Programme (ECCP), the European Union has come up with a climate change strategy, advocating practical action to prevent temperatures from increasing to more than 2°C above pre-industrial levels.
Strategy on climate change: foundations of the strategy
Strategy on climate change for2020 and beyond
Launching the European Climate Change Programme (ECCP)
See this webpage to compare environmental laws in different EU countries including Italy and France, unfortunately Croatia is missing:
On a national level in Italy:
On a national level in France:
On a national level in Croatia: