Nutrition & You, 4e (Blake)
Chapter 9 Alcohol
1) Moderate alcohol consumption is no more than ______alcoholic drink(s) daily for adult women and up to ______drink(s) daily for adult men.
A) 1; 1
B) 2; 3
C) 1; 2
D) 1; 3
3) Which of the following factors does not affect how quickly the body absorbs and metabolizes alcohol?
A) whether you are male or female
B) the amount of food in your stomach
C) the time of day you drink
D) the amount of alcohol you drink
4) Alcohol is metabolized primarily in the
A) stomach.
B) small intestine.
C) liver.
D) pancreas.
5) The enzyme alcohol dehydrogenase is located in the
A) mouth and throat.
B) stomach and liver.
C) intestines and colon.
D) gallbladder and kidneys.
6) A blood alcohol concentration above ______will often result in death.
A) 0.11
B) 0.21
C) 0.31
D) 0.41
7) Which of the following areas of the brain is affected first by alcohol?
A) brain stem
B) cerebral cortex
C) cerebellum
D) All of these areas are affected at the same time.
8) Compounds in alcoholic beverages that enhance flavor and appearance but may contribute to hangover symptoms are called
A) resveratrols.
B) alcohol-based toxins.
C) congeners.
D) acetaldehydes
.
9) Which of the following statements concerning a hangover is correct?
A) Drinking more alcohol mixed with orange juice can be an effective remedy for hangover symptoms.
B) Time is the only true remedy for hangover symptoms.
C) Drinking a mixture of congeners can be an effective remedy for hangover symptoms.
D) Consuming a raw egg can be an effective remedy for hangover symptoms.
11) Drinking too much alcohol can interfere with the absorption and/or use of
A) protein.
B) zinc.
C) fat-soluble vitamins.
D) All of the answers are correct.
12) The effects of fatty liver can be reversed by
A) consuming more vitamin C in the diet.
B) stopping the consumption of alcohol.
C) drinking more fluids.
D) eating more dairy products.
14) In addition to chronically drinking too much alcohol, which of the following lifestyle behaviors heightens the risk of esophageal cancer?
A) smoking cigarettes
B) eating a high-fat diet
C) inactivity
D) obesity
16) Which of the following statements regarding the third stage of alcoholic liver disease is incorrect?
A) It is reversible.
B) Liver cells die.
C) Scar tissue is formed.
D) It is also known as cirrhosis.
17) Which of the following substances is released by intestinal bacteria, travels to the liver, and initiates further liver damage?
A) endotoxin
B) free radicals
C) acetaldehyde
D) MEOS
18) Which of the following recommendations regarding alcohol use during pregnancy is safe?
A) Do not drink at all during pregnancy.
B) Drink only moderately during pregnancy.
C) An occasional drink is perfectly fine during the third trimester.
D) An occasional drink is okay during the first trimester.
19) Binge drinking is the consumption of ______or more alcoholic drinks by men or ______or more drinks by women, in a very short time.
A) 3; 3
B) 4; 3
C) 5; 4
D) 5; 2
20) Approximately how many college students die every year from binge drinking?
A) 800
B) 700
C) 1,300
D) 1,825
21) For adults in the United States, the legal limit for driving is a blood alcohol content of
A) 0.04.
B) 0.08.
C) 0.10.
D) 0.20.
22) Which of the following conditions is a symptom of alcohol use disorder?
A) craving alcohol
B) an inability to limit alcohol intake
C) withdrawal symptoms
D) All of the answers are correct.
23) The people who gain health benefits from moderate alcohol consumption are
A) women age 21 and older and men age 18 and older.
B) women age 35 and older and men age 25 and older.
C) women age 55 and older and men age 45 and older.
D) women and men of all ages.
24) Which of the following substances, when consumed during and after alcohol consumption, has been shown to cause liver damage in some cases?
A) caffeine
B) endotoxin
C) acetaminophen
D) ibuprofen
25) Which of the following statements about alcohol is incorrect?
A) It promotes a good night's sleep.
B) It can damage heart tissue and increase the risk of hypertension.
C) It can increase estrogen levels in women.
D) It is associated with sexual dysfunction in males and females.
26) Which of the following statements indicates what will occur if you consistently add extra calories from alcoholic beverages to a diet that is already meeting your daily caloric needs?
A) You will lose weight because alcohol raises your metabolism.
B) You will remain at the same weight because the calories in alcohol are negligible.
C) You will gain weight because the extra calories are converted to fat.
D) It depends on whether the alcohol beverages consumed are wine or beer.
27) Which of the following body systems in the fetus is seriously damaged when a pregnant woman drinks alcohol?
A) respiratory
B) nervous
C) gastrointestinal
D) reproductive
28) Which of the following statements about binge drinking is incorrect?
A) It can cause blackouts.
B) It can increase the chance that unprotected sex will occur.
C) It is a normal part of the college experience.
D) It can be associated with heart attacks.
30) The chemical category called "alcohol" includes which of the following substances?
A) isopropanol
B) ethanol
C) methanol
D) All of the answers are correct.
31) Which of the following conditions has occurred when the body's BAC levels rise to extreme levels and breathing and heart rate are interrupted?
A) FAS
B) alcoholism
C) alcohol tolerance
D) alcohol poisoning
32) Which of the following conditions can occur when a child is exposed to alcohol prenatally?
A) FASDs
B) alcohol use disorder
C) alcohol poisoning
D) alcohol tolerance
34) Which of the following terms describes a person who continues to drink even though it causes that person social, legal, and/or health problems?
A) FASDs
B) alcohol use disorder
C) alcohol tolerance
D) alcohol intolerance
35) Which of the following conditions occurs when chronic drinking causes the body to become less sensitive to alcohol?
A) FASDs
B) alcohol use disorder
C) alcohol tolerance
D) alcohol poisoning
36) Which of the following substances are compounds in alcohol that may contribute to hangover symptoms?
A) alcohol dehydrogenases
B) fermenters
C) congeners
D) acetaldehydes
37) In which of the following processes does yeast convert sugars in fruit into ethanol?
A) distillation
B) fermentation
C) congenation
D) metabolization
38) Which of the following processes describes the collection and condensation of a vapor produced by heating an alcohol-containing liquid?
A) fermentation
B) oxidation
C) accumulation
D) distillation
39) Which of the following compounds is an alcohol-metabolizing enzyme found in the stomach and liver?
A) aspartate transaminase
B) acetaldehyde
C) alcohol dehydrogenase
D) aspartate aminotransferase
41) The majority of ingested alcohol is absorbed in the
A) stomach.
B) small intestine.
C) liver.
D) large intestine.
42) Wine has more health benefits than beer or distilled spirits.
Answer: FALSE
45) A research study of more than 700 college students found that more than half of them had blacked out at least once in their lives.
48) Women have more alcohol dehydrogenase in their stomachs than do men.
49) A healthy liver can metabolize about one alcoholic drink in about 1 1/2 to 2 hours.
51) Among the effects of alcohol on the body are infertility in women and impotence in men.
55) Wine is made by a process known as fermentation.
58) Routinely drinking too much alcohol can interfere with the absorption and/or use of protein, zinc, magnesium, certain B vitamins, and the fat-soluble vitamins.
59) AUD is characterized by continued alcohol consumption even though consumption has caused social, psychological, and/or physical health problems.
60) The earlier in life a person starts drinking, the higher the chances that alcohol will become a problem later in life.
61) In general, time is the only true remedy for hangover symptoms.
62) In addition to the alcohol dehydrogenase system, the liver must employ MEOS when chronically elevated alcohol levels are present there.
68) Alcohol contains 7 calories per gram.
69) Advertising for alcoholic beverages is associated with increased alcohol consumption among adolescents.
71) Ethanol is produced when yeast ferment the natural sugars in grains and fruits.
Answer: TRUE
72) Liquors, such as rum and scotch, are made through a process known as distillation.
75) The alcohol-metabolizing enzyme found in the stomach and liver is alcohol dehydrogenase.
Answer: TRUE
Page Ref: 345
Skill: Knowledge
Learning Outcome: 9.3
Section: 9.3
76) Your sex, your body type, the amount of food in your stomach, and the quantity of alcohol you consume affect the rate of alcohol absorption and metabolism in your body.
Answer: TRUE
Page Ref: 345
Skill: Knowledge
Learning Outcome: 9.3
Section: 9.3
77) One study showed that an alcoholic drink consumed after a meal is absorbed about three times more slowly than alcohol consumed on an empty stomach.
Answer: TRUE
Page Ref: 345-346
Skill: Knowledge
Learning Outcome: 9.3
Section: 9.3
78) Alcohol poisoning occurs when the BAC rises to such an extreme level that breathing and heart rate are interrupted.
Answer: TRUE
Page Ref: 359
Skill: Knowledge
Learning Outcome: 9.5
Section: 9.5
79) In most states in the United States, it is illegal for adults to drive with a BAC of 0.05.
Answer: FALSE
Page Ref: 359
Skill: Knowledge
Learning Outcome: 9.5
Section: 9.5
80) As the brain becomes less sensitive to alcohol, more is needed to get the same intoxicating effect. This phenomenon is called alcohol tolerance.
Answer: TRUE
Page Ref: 359
Skill: Knowledge
Learning Outcome: 9.5
Section: 9.5
81) Moderate alcohol consumption can increase levels of the "good" cholesterol, LDL.
Answer: FALSE
Page Ref: 344
Skill: Knowledge
Learning Outcome: 9.2
Section: 9.2
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