Lecture 1: Basics

Hardware

Software

  1. System Software – Operating Systems
  2. Programming Languages
  3. Applications – task oriented

H ) OS ) Apps) user

Operating System functions:

  1. Boot
  2. Interface – GUI, Command
  3. File Management
  4. Schedule
  5. Allocate
  6. Network management
  7. Monitor
  8. Time Share

Applications function:

Create Files

File Characteristics:

  1. Address
  2. Name
  3. Content
  4. Size
  5. Date
  6. Format
  7. Privileges

Editors – simplest of applications

Notepad, TextEdit

Editors vs Word Processors

Features

File Format

File Extensions

Usage

ASCII vs Binary File Formats

bit-byte-ASCII

Cryptography

plain text – encryption (algorithm, cipher) – sent –

decryption (reverse algorithm, message)

Use Notepad or TextEdit to create two files:

computer.txt

bio.txt

Accessing the editors::

start/programs/accessories/notepad, or on Windows 10 enter the word Notepad after activating the File Explorer option, on MAC use Finder and type in TextEdit, under Preferences, select .txt file not .rtf file extension, Notepad is automatically .txt extension. Remember to use Notepad “not” Wordpad which is more of a word processor for the PC and in the Accessories option – it also produces .rtf files by default not the .txt needed for this assignment.

For MAC, you may also: To do so, open your document in TextEdit and go to Format > Make Plain Text. OR you can also first press “Shift+Command+T”, then: A confirmation dialog box displays. Just select plain text at the top.

Usage of editors:

use similarly to email (or a very simple wordprocessor)

Format on PC for WordWrap

WordWrap (already set on MAC)

File Save As

Show extensions:

PC: in Window, select Organize, Folder options, View, then don’t hide/show hidden extensions

Windows 10 specifically

To show or hide file name extensions

  1. Open Folder Options by clicking the Start button, clicking Control Panel, clicking Appearance and Personalization, and then clicking Folder Options.
  2. Click the View tab, and then, under Advanced settings, do one of the following:
  3. To show file name extensions, clear the Hide extensions for known file types check box, and then click OK.
  4. To hide file name extensions, select the Hide extensions for known file types check box, and then click OK.

MAC: Choose Finder > Preferences, then click Advanced. Then, select “Show all filename extensions.”

Saving files:

E: drive is usually the Flashdrive, C: drive is usually the hard drive, U:drive (this is the drive in the computer clusters where student files are saved), Desktop, Documents, etc. (depending on where you are at)

Approach:

Generally, complete the whole assignment to be stored in the computer folder, on your local hard drive on in the computer clusters, then transfer to Flashdriveif needed.

Basically, drag assignment folder or use save us to place items on the Flashdrive on any other storage media

Regardless, each assignment should be designated by a folder (which holds all your files for

that assignment’s number as -> A1-xyz or A2-xyz, etc., where xyz are your initials

Destructive Software (Malware)

  1. Trojan Horse
  2. Time Bomb
  3. Virus
  4. Worm
  5. Spyware

Protection Programs like Forefront,Defender, Spybot, Malwarebytes, Norton, etc.

All the protection programs are utility programs

They all do these basics

1)Scan for Threats

2)Identify them

3)Remove or Quarantine them

4)Report

Some ways to protect against viruses:

1)Keep your software up to date. ...

2)Don't click on links within emails. ...

3)Use free antivirus software. ...

5)Back up your computer. ...

6)Use a strong password. ...

7)Use a firewall. ...

8)Minimize downloads. ...

9)Use a pop-up blocker.

MAC vs PC

Registry

Registry Issues/fixes

Software examples: Registry Fix, Windows Fix, Crap Cleaner, Advanced System Care, Advanced Anti-Spyware Protection, etc.

Note: file extensions, dll files (dynamic link library)

ActiveX

dyllibs on MAC for dll on PC