In His Pamphlet, Sieyès Claimed That the Nation Was a Body of Associates Living Under Common

Footnote citations from the RWC readings and other primary sources:

In his pamphlet, Sieyès claimed that the nation was “[a] body of associates living under common laws and represented by the same legislative assembly, etc.”[1]

In its Decree of August 11, the National Assembly declared an end to the special privileges the nobility had enjoyed under the ancien régime.[2]

Sieyès’s intended his pamphlet to raise the consciousness of deputies from the Third Estate so that they would see themselves as the representatives of the country’s true sovereign body, the nation, and act accordingly in the Estates-General.[3]

In his essay, John Locke defined a religious group or church as “a voluntary Society of Men,” by which he meant that people should adhere to a particular faith only if they chose to by their own free will.[4]

Hobbes began his history of the English Civil War by discussing the “seducers” who had manipulated the common people into thinking they could oppose the king.[5]

Rousseau explained that the sovereign would always act in the best interests of the body politic.[6]

A citation from Engels’ essay, “Socialism: Utopian and Scientific,” would look like this.[7]

A citation from Renan’s essay, “What is a Nation?” would look like this.[8]

Footnote citations for Palmer and Colton:

Robespierre was a leading figure of the Terror during the French Revolution.[9]

The Thermidorian Reaction followed the Terror.[10]

[1] Emmanuel-Joseph Sieyès, “What is the Third Estate?” in The Old Regime and the French Revolution, ed. Keith Michael Baker, vol. 7 of University of Chicago Readings in Western Civilization, ed. John W. Boyer and Julius Kirshner (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1987), 157.

[2] “Decrees of the National Assembly (10-11 August 1789),” in The Old Regime and the French Revolution, 228-231.

[3] Sieyès, “What is the Third Estate?” 154-179.

[4] John Locke, A Letter Concerning Toleration, ed. James H. Tully (Indianapolis: Hackett Publishing Company, 1983), 28.

[5] Thomas Hobbes, Behemoth, or the Epitome of the Civil Wars of England, ed. Willaim Molesworth (New York: Franklin, 1963), 3-7.

[6] Jean-Jacques Rousseau, On the Social Contract, trans. and ed. Donald A. Cress (Indianapolis: Hackett Publishing Company, 1987), 26.

[7] Friedrich Engels, “Socialism: Utopian and Scientific,” inThe Marx-Engels Reader, ed. Robert C. Tucker, 2nd edition (New York: W. W. Norton, 1978), 683-717.

[8] Ernest Renan, “What is a Nation?” in Becoming National: A Reader, ed. Geoff Eley and Ronald G. Suny (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1996), 42-55.

[9] R. R. Palmer, Joel Colton, and Lloyd Kramer, A History of the Modern World, 10th ed. (Boston: McGraw Hill, 2007), 377.

[10] Palmer, Colton, and Kramer, 382-383.