Human Body Systems Common Assessment Study Guide
____1.When Ana plays soccer, her circulatory system works hard to bring blood to all parts of her body. Platelets are part of the circulatory system. What function do platelets perform?
____2.What is the body’s first line of defense against disease?
____3.Although chemical digestion occurs throughout the digestive system, it mostly occurs in the:
____4.Kidneys are composed of several tissues that work together to filter wastes from the body. At what level of organization within the body are kidneys?
____5.The ______system plays the key role in allowing organisms to have offspring and pass on their unique genetic information.
____6.You’ve just eaten lunch. What path does food take through your digestive system?
____7.When Henry plays football, his circulatory system works hard to bring blood to all parts of his body. Arteries are part of the circulatory system. What function do arteries perform?
____8.Which human body system is different in males and in females?
____9.A good model of the human heart might show the heart as a:
____10.When you touch something hot, bundles of nerve cells in your skin work together to send a message to your brain. Groups of cells working together in this way are known as ____.
____11.When you are hot, your skin helps cool you off by
____12.The skin acts as a physical barrier and prevents foreign substances entering the body. In which system is the skin playing a role by performing this function?
____13.The main purpose of the endocrine system is to produce:
____14.Messages are carried from the arms or legs to the brain by
____15.The major function of the respiratory system is to:
____16.The brain and spinal cord are organs that belong to the______system.
____17.Anemia is a condition caused by low iron in the blood. Without adequate iron, the blood cannot carry enough oxygen to the body’s tissues. People with anemia are often pale and tired. In people with anemia, what cells are unable to do their job of carrying oxygen to the body’s tissues?
____18.Our bodies have a skeletal system made of bones and cartilage. The skeletal system has many important roles in the body. Which is not a function of the skeletal system?
____19.Every day at lunch your body is hard at work digesting your food. Your powerful jaws break your food into small pieces. Your salivary glands secrete saliva, and your tongue pushes the food to the back of your throat. At the structural level, these events are coordinated by ____.
____20.Lynn is jumping on a trampoline and notices she is breathing harder and her pulse is faster. Which organs are working to cause this to happen?
____21.Study the chemical reactions below.
Photosynthesis:
Cellular respiration:
Plants produce more oxygen during photosynthesis than they use in cellular respiration. What happens to the excess oxygen produced during photosynthesis?
____22.For food to be absorbed by your body, which of the following must occur?
____23.The main function of the excretory is the eliminate ______from the body.
____24.The pancreas contains a special group of cells that produce the hormone insulin. Insulin stimulates the liver to remove sugar from the blood. If the cells in the pancreas do not produce enough insulin then excess sugar builds up in the blood. The result is a disease called ____.
____25.Which of the following is most responsible for the mechanical breakdown of food?
____26.Which of the following best describes how the human body is organized, form the smallest to largest structure?
____27.The sound of a heart beat (lub-dub) is caused by:
____28.An infection of the respiratory system would most likely cause a person to have:
____29.During digestion, what is the effect of mechanical breakdown on chemical breakdown?
____30.In the 1830s, two scientists named MatthiasSchleiden and TheodorSchwann stated a theory we now call the cell theory. Which of these statements is part of the cell theory?
____31.The brain is composed of many cells and different tissues. At what level of organization is the brain?
____32.With a damaged liver, which of the following is MOST likely?
____33.When Kenji plays lacrosse, his circulatory system works hard to bring blood to all parts of his body. White blood cells are part of the circulatory system. What function do white blood cells perform?
____34.Blood leaving the human heart may go to:
____35.What is the MOST important gas taken into the lungs during breathing?
____36.Blood transports:
____37.The human heart is a(n):
____38.Which of these is an important part of the nervous system?
____39.An important function of the circulatory system is to:
____40.An important function of the digestive system is to:
____41.Which systems are involved in throwing a ball?
____42.Benji hears a loud noise and turns his head to locate the source of the sound. The response impulse was carried away from the brain and spinal cord to Benji’s neck muscles by ____.
____43.Cindy has a stuffy nose, has trouble breathing and coughs a lot. Which of her body systems is being affected?
____44.Every morning Kiyoshi walks from her house to school. She has over 600 muscles in her body that help her make the journey. Some of Kiyoshi’s muscles are voluntary and some are involuntary. What is one thing that Kiyoshi’s voluntary muscles might be helping her do on her morning walk to school?
____45.Which protects the body’s organs?
____46.An example of a muscle that is voluntary controlled is a muscle that
____47.The shape of an organ is determined by:
____48.Every day in school Julio uses his sensory system to receive information or stimuli from his environment. He uses his sensory organs during math class, while eating lunch, and on the bus. Which of these organs is part of Julio’s sensory system?
____49.Which of the following are wastes produced by your body?
____50.The inside of the lungs contain special alveoli cells. These cells form the alveoli, which are microscopic air sacs. Which statement about the alveoli cells is not true?
Short Answer
51.Winona has been learning in science class about how blood moves through the body. Winona’s teacher explains to the class that arteries and veins are both blood vessels that move blood, but they perform different functions. Compare these functions and explain why veins have valves but arteries do not.
52.The diagram below shows specific parts of the digestive system. Explain what types of digestion occur in the mouth. Identify the structures involved in each type of digestion.