Federal Reserve Questions

Federal Reserve Questions

Multiple Choice

Identify the letter of the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.

____1.Paper money

a. / has a high intrinsic value.
b. / is the primary medium of exchange in a barter economy.
c. / is valuable because it is generally accepted in trade.
d. / is valuable only because of the legal tender requirement.

____2.Which of the following is a store of value?

a. / currency
b. / U.S. government bonds
c. / fine art
d. / All of the above are correct.

____3.Which of the following best illustrates the unit of account function of money?

a. / You list prices for candy sold on your Web site, in dollars.
b. / You pay for your WNBA tickets with dollars.
c. / You keep $10 in your backpack for emergencies.
d. / None of the above is correct.

____4.The “yardstick” people use to post prices and record debts is called

a. / a medium of exchange.
b. / a unit of account.
c. / a store of value.
d. / liquidity.

____5.Mia puts money into a piggy bank so she can spend it later. What function of money does this illustrate?

a. / store of value
b. / medium of exchange
c. / unit of account
d. / None of the above is correct.

____6.Which of the following best illustrates the medium of exchange function of money?

a. / You keep some money hidden in your shoe.
b. / You keep track of the value of your assets in terms of currency.
c. / You pay for your double latte using currency.
d. / None of the above is correct.

____7.An item that people can use to transfer purchasing power from the present to the future is called

a. / a medium of exchange.
b. / a unit of account.
c. / a store of value.
d. / None of the above is correct.

____8.Current U.S. currency is

a. / fiat money with intrinsic value.
b. / fiat money with no intrinsic value.
c. / commodity money with intrinsic value.
d. / commodity money with no intrinsic value.

____9.Fiat money

a. / has no intrinsic value.
b. / is backed by gold.
c. / has intrinsic value equal to its value in exchange.
d. / is any close substitute for currency such as checkable deposits.

____10.M1 includes

a. / currency.
b. / demand deposits.
c. / travelers' checks.
d. / All of the above are correct.

____11.Which of the following is not included in M1?

a. / currency
b. / demand deposits
c. / savings deposits
d. / travelers' checks

____12.Which of the following is not included in M1?

a. / currency
b. / demand deposits
c. / traveler’s checks
d. / credit cards

____13.Which of the following is included in M2 but not in M1?

a. / currency
b. / demand deposits
c. / savings deposits
d. / All of the above are included in both M1 and M2

____14.Which of the following is included in M2 but not in M1?

a. / demand deposits
b. / corporate bonds
c. / large time deposits
d. / money market mutual funds

____15.Which of the following isn’t included in either M1 or M2?

a. / U.S. Treasury bills
b. / small time deposits
c. / demand deposits
d. / money market mutual funds

____16.Demand deposits are a type of

a. / checking account.
b. / time deposit.
c. / money market mutual fund.
d. / savings deposit.

____17.Demand deposits are included in

a. / M1 but not M2.
b. / M2 but not M1.
c. / M1 and M2.
d. / neither M1 nor M2.

____18.Credit card limits are included in

a. / M1 but not M2.
b. / M2 but not M1.
c. / M1 and M2.
d. / neither M1 nor M2.

____19.Savings deposits are included in

a. / M1 but not M2.
b. / M2 but not M1.
c. / M1 and M2.
d. / neither M1 nor M2.

Use the (hypothetical) information in the following table to answer the following Questions.

Table 29-1

Type of Money / Amount
Large time deposits / $80 billion
Small time deposits / $75 billion
Demand deposits / $75 billion
Other checkable deposits / $40 billion
Savings deposits / $10 billion
Travelers' checks / $1 billion
Money market mutual funds / $15 billion
Currency / $100 billion
SDRs / $10 billion
Miscellaneous categories of M2 / $25 billion

____20.Refer to Table 29-1. What is the M1 money supply?

a. / $215 billion
b. / $216 billion
c. / $226 billion
d. / $301 billion

____21.Refer to Table 29-1. What is the M2 money supply?

a. / $125 billion
b. / $341 billion
c. / $421 billion
d. / $431 billion

____22.The agency responsible for regulating the money supply in the United States is

a. / the Comptroller of the Currency.
b. / the U.S. Treasury.
c. / the Federal Reserve.
d. / the U.S. Bank.

____23.The Federal Reserve does all except which of the following?

a. / control the supply of money
b. / control the value of money
c. / make loans to individuals
d. / regulate the banking system

____24.Which of the following executes open-market operations?

a. / Board of Governors
b. / New York Federal Reserve Bank
c. / The FOMC
d. / None of the above is correct.

____25.What part of the Fed meets to discuss changes in the economy and determine monetary policy?

a. / the Board of Governors
b. / the FOMC
c. / the regional Federal Reserve Bank presidents
d. / the Central Bank Policy Commission.

____26.Monetary policy affects employment

a. / only in the long run.
b. / only in the short run.
c. / in both the long run and the short run.
d. / in neither the long run nor the short run.

____27.The Fed’s primary tool to change the money supply is

a. / changing the discount rate.
b. / changing the reserve requirement.
c. / conducting open market operations.
d. / redeeming Federal Reserve notes.

____28.When the Federal Reserve conducts open-market operations to increase the money supply, it

a. / redeems Federal Reserve notes.
b. / buys government bonds from the public.
c. / raises the discount rate.
d. / decreases its lending to member banks.

____29.When the Fed conducts open-market purchases,

a. / it buys Treasury securities, which increases the money supply.
b. / it buys Treasury securities, which decreases the money supply.
c. / it borrows money from member banks, which increases the money supply.
d. / it lends money to member banks, which decreases the money supply.

____30.When the Fed conducts open-market sales,

a. / it sells Treasury securities, which increases the money supply.
b. / it sells Treasury securities, which decreases the money supply.
c. / it borrows from member banks, which increases the money supply.
d. / it lends money to member banks, which decreases the money supply.

____31.When the Fed conducts open-market purchases,

a. / it buys Treasury securities, which increases the money supply.
b. / it buys Treasury securities, which decreases the money supply.
c. / banks buy Treasury securities from Fed, which increases the money supply.
d. / banks buy Treasury securities from the Fed, which decreases the money supply.

____32.The Fed can increase the money supply by conducting open market

a. / sales and raising the discount rate.
b. / sales and lowering the discount rate.
c. / purchases and raising the discount rate.
d. / purchases and lowering the discount rate.

____33.The Fed can increase the price level by conducting open market

a. / sales and raising the discount rate.
b. / sales and lowering the discount rate.
c. / purchases and raising the discount rate.
d. / purchases and lowering the discount rate.

____34.Over one time horizon or another Fed policy decisions influence

a. / inflation and employment.
b. / inflation but not employment.
c. / employment but not inflation.
d. / neither inflation nor employment.

____35.The Fed can influence unemployment in

a. / the short and long run.
b. / the short run, but not the long run.
c. / the long run, but not the short run.
d. / neither the short nor long run.

____36.In a 100-percent-reserve banking system,

a. / banks can create money by issuing currency.
b. / banks can create money by lending out reserves.
c. / the Fed can increase the money supply with open-market sales.
d. / banks hold as many reserves as they hold deposits.

____37.On a bank's T-account,

a. / both deposits and reserves are assets.
b. / both deposits and reserves are liabilities.
c. / deposits are assets, reserves are liabilities.
d. / reserves are assets, deposits are liabilities.

____38.A bank’s assets include

a. / both its reserves and the deposits of its customers.
b. / neither its reserves nor the deposits of its customers.
c. / its reserves, but not the deposits of its customers.
d. / the deposits of its customers, but not its reserves.

____39.A bank’s liabilities include

____40.Suppose that the reserve ratio is 5 percent and that a bank has $1,000 in deposits. Its reserves are

a. / $5.
b. / $50.
c. / $95.
d. / $950.

____41.Suppose that the reserve ratio is 10 percent and that a bank has $2,000 in deposits. Its reserves are

a. / $20.
b. / $200.
c. / $1,880.
d. / $1,800.

____42.Suppose a bank has a 10 percent reserve requirement, $5,000 in deposits, and has loaned out all it can given the reserve requirement.

a. / It has $50 in reserves and $4,950 in loans.
b. / It has $500 in reserves and $4,500 in loans.
c. / It has $555 in reserves and $4,445 in loans.
d. / None of the above is correct.

____43.Suppose a bank has a 10 percent reserve requirement, $4,000 in deposits, and has loaned out all it can given the reserve requirement.

a. / It has $40 in reserves and $3,960 in loans.
b. / It has $400 in reserves and $3,600 in loans.
c. / It has $444 in reserves and $3,556 in loans.
d. / None of the above is correct.

____44.Suppose a bank has $10,000 in deposits and $8,000 in loans. It has loaned out all it can. It has a reserve ratio of

a. / 2 percent.
b. / 12.5 percent.
c. / 20 percent.
d. / 80 percent.

____45.If you deposit $100 of currency into a demand deposit at a bank, this action by itself

a. / does not change the money supply.
b. / increases the money supply.
c. / decreases the money supply.
d. / has an indeterminate effect on the money supply.

____46.When a bank loans out $1,000, the money supply

a. / does not change.
b. / decreases.
c. / increases.
d. / may do any of the above.

____47.Under a fractional reserve banking system, banks

a. / hold more reserves than deposits.
b. / generally lend out a majority of the funds deposited.
c. / cause the money supply to fall by lending out reserves.
d. / All of the above are correct.

____48.Suppose banks desire to hold no excess reserves. If the reserve ratio is 10 percent and a bank receives a new deposit of $10. Then this bank

a. / must increase required reserves by $1.
b. / will initially see its total reserves increase by $1.
c. / will be able to make new loans up to a maximum of $1.
d. / All of the above are correct.

Use the balance sheet for the following questions.

Table 29-2

First Bank of Mason City
Assets / Liabilities
Required Reserves / $20.00 / Deposits / $100.00
Loans / $80.00

____49.Refer to Table 29-2. The reserve ratio is

a. / 0 percent.
b. / 20 percent.
c. / 80 percent.
d. / 100 percent.

____50.Refer to Table 29-2. If $1,000 is deposited into the First Bank of Mason City, and the bank takes no other actions, it’s

a. / total reserves will increase by $200.
b. / liabilities will decrease by $1,000.
c. / assets will increase by $1,000.
d. / required reserves will increase by $800.

____51.Refer to Table 29-2. If someone deposits $400 into the First Bank of Mason City,

a. / the bank will be able to make additional loans totaling $320.
b. / excess reserves initially increase by $320.
c. / required reserves initially increase by $80.
d. / All of the above are correct.

Use the balance sheet for the following questions.

Table 29-3

Last Bank of Cedar Bend
Assets / Liabilities
Reserves / $25,000 / Deposits / $150,000
Loans / $125,000

____52.Refer to Table 29-3. If the reserve requirement is 10 percent, then this bank

a. / is in a position to make a new loan of $15,000.
b. / has less reserves than required.
c. / has excess reserves of less than $15,000.
d. / None of the above is correct.

____53.Refer to Table 29-3. The reserve requirement is 10 percent and then someone deposits an additional $50,000 into the bank, then if the bank takes no other action it will

a. / have $65,000 in excess reserves.
b. / have $55,000 in excess reserves.
c. / need to raise an additional $5,000 of reserves to meet the reserve requirement
d. / None of the above is correct.

____54.Refer to Table 29-3. If the reserve requirement is 20 percent, this bank

a. / has $10,000 of excess reserves.
b. / needs $10,000 more reserves to meet its reserve requirements.
c. / needs $5,000 more reserves to meet its reserve requirements.
d. / just meets its reserve requirement.

____55.Refer to Table 29-3. If the Last Bank of Cedar Bend is holding $10,000 in excess reserves, then the reserve requirement is

a. / 2 percent.
b. / 5 percent.
c. / 7 percent.
d. / 10 percent.

____56.If a bank uses $100 of excess reserves to make a new loan when the reserve ratio is 20 percent, this action by itself initially makes the money supply

a. / and wealth increase by $100.
b. / and wealth decrease by $100.
c. / increase by $100 while wealth does not change.
d. / decrease by $100 while wealth decreases by $100.

____57.As the reserve ratio increases, the money multiplier

a. / increases.
b. / does not change.
c. / decreases.
d. / could do any of the above.

____58.If the central bank in some country lowered the reserve ratio, the money multiplier

a. / would increase.
b. / would not change.
c. / would decrease.
d. / could do any of the above.

____59.If the reserve ratio is 2.5 percent, the money multiplier is

a. / 40.
b. / 25.
c. / 2.5.
d. / 1.25.

____60.If the reserve ratio is 4 percent, the money multiplier is

a. / 25
b. / 20
c. / 4
d. / 2

____61.If the reserve ratio is 5 percent, the money multiplier is

a. / 25
b. / 20
c. / 2.5.
d. / 1.25.

____62.If the reserve ratio is 10 percent, the money multiplier is

a. / 100.
b. / 10.
c. / 9/10.
d. / 1/10.

____63.If the reserve ratio is 20 percent, the money multiplier is

a. / 2.
b. / 4.
c. / 5.
d. / 8.

____64.If the reserve ratio increased from 10 percent to 20 percent, the money multiplier would

a. / rise from 10 to 20.
b. / rise from 5 to 10.
c. / fall from 10 to 5.
d. / not change.

____65.The multiplier equals

a. / 1/R
b. / 1/(1+R)
c. / 1/(1-R)
d. / None of the above is correct.

____66.If the reserve ratio is 5 percent, $1,000 of additional reserves can create

a. / $5,500 of new money
b. / $5,000 of new money
c. / $4,000 of new money
d. / None of the above is correct.

____67.If the reserve ratio is 5 percent, $1,000 of additional reserves can create

a. / $25,000 of new money.
b. / $20,000 of new money.
c. / $19,000 of new money.
d. / $15,000 of new money.

____68.If the reserve ratio is 5 percent, $1,000 of additional reserves can create

a. / $200 of new money.
b. / $2,000 of new money.
c. / $20,000 of new money.
d. / None of the above is correct.

____69.If the reserve ratio is 8 percent, an additional $1,000 of reserves can increase the money supply by

a. / $6,400
b. / $8,000
c. / $12,500
d. / $20,000

____70.If the reserve ratio is 10 percent, $1,000 of additional reserves can create

a. / $100 of new money.
b. / $1,000 of new money.
c. / $10,000 of new money.
d. / None of the above is correct.

____71.If the reserve ratio is 10 percent, $1,000 of additional reserves can create

a. / $11,000 of new money.
b. / $10,000 of new money.
c. / $9,000 of new money
d. / None of the above is correct.

____72.The money supply increases when the Fed

a. / buys bonds. The increase will be larger the smaller the reserve ratio is.
b. / buys bonds. The increase will be larger the larger the reserve ratio is.
c. / sells bonds. The increase will be larger the smaller the reserve ratio is.
d. / sells bonds. The increase will be larger the larger the reserve ratio is.

____73.The money supply decreases if the Fed

a. / sells Treasury bonds. The larger the reserve requirement, the larger the decrease will be.
b. / sells Treasury bonds. The smaller the reserve requirement, the larger the decrease will be.
c. / buys Treasury bonds. The larger the reserve requirement, the larger the decrease will be.
d. / buys Treasury bonds. The smaller the reserve requirement, the larger the decrease will be.

____74.The money supply increases when the Fed

a. / lowers the discount rate. The increase will be larger the smaller the reserve ratio is.
b. / lowers the discount rate. The increase will be larger the larger the reserve ratio is.
c. / raises the discount rate. The increase will be larger the smaller the reserve ratio is.
d. / raises the discount rate. The increase will be larger the larger the reserve ratio is.

____75.To increase the money supply, the Fed could

a. / sell government bonds.
b. / increase the discount rate.
c. / decrease the reserve requirement.
d. / None of the above is correct.

____76.To increase the money supply, the Fed could

a. / sell government bonds.
b. / decrease the discount rate.
c. / increase the reserve requirement.
d. / None of the above is correct.

____77.To decrease the money supply, the Fed could

a. / sell government bonds.
b. / increase the discount rate.
c. / increase the reserve requirement.
d. / All of the above are correct.

____78.Which of the following is not a tool of monetary policy?

a. / open market operations
b. / reserve requirements
c. / changing the discount rate
d. / increasing the deficit

____79.Which of the following lists two things that both increase the money supply?

a. / the Fed buys bonds and lowers the discount rate
b. / the Fed buys bonds and raises the discount rate
c. / the Fed sells bonds and lowers the discount rate
d. / the Fed sells bonds and raises the discount rate

____80.Which of the following lists two things that both decrease the money supply?

a. / raise the discount rate, make open market purchases
b. / raise the discount rate, make open market sales
c. / lower the discount rate, make open market purchases
d. / lower the discount rate, make open market sales

____81.When the Fed conducts open market purchases, bank reserves

a. / increase and banks can increase lending.
b. / increase and banks must decrease lending.
c. / decrease and banks can increase lending.
d. / decrease and banks must decrease lending.

____82.Reserve requirements are regulations concerning

a. / the amount banks are allowed to borrow from the Fed.
b. / the amount of reserves banks must hold against deposits.
c. / reserves banks must hold based on the number and type of loans they make.
d. / the interest rate at which banks can borrow from the Fed.

____83.If the reserve ratio is 10 percent, banks do not hold excess reserves, and people do not hold currency, then when the Fed purchases $20 million of government bonds, bank reserves

a. / increase by $20 million and the money supply eventually increases by $200 million.
b. / decrease by $20 million and the money supply eventually increases by $200 million.
c. / increase by $20 million and the money supply eventually decreases by $200 million.
d. / decrease by $20 million and the money supply eventually decreases by $200 million.

____84.If the reserve ratio is 10 percent, banks do not hold excess reserves and people hold only deposits and not currency, when the Fed sells $10 million dollars of bonds to the public, bank reserves

a. / increase by $1 million and the money supply eventually increases by $10 million.
b. / increase by $10 million and the money supply eventually increases by $100 million.
c. / decrease by $1 million and the money supply eventually increases by $10 million.
d. / decrease by $10 million and the money supply eventually decreases by $100 million.

____85.The interest rate the Fed charges on loans it makes to banks is called

a. / the prime rate.
b. / the federal funds rate.
c. / the discount rate.
d. / the LIBOR.

____86.The interest rate that the Fed charges banks that borrow reserves from it is the