Archaeology. Mexico
Nusbaum, Jesse L. (Jesse Logan).
CREATED/PUBLISHED
[between 1910 and 1913?]
SUMMARY
Two men stand at the base of a pyramid-like structure with a flat-roofed building at its peak at Chichen Itza, a Mayan Empire ruin on the Yucatan Peninsula in Mexico. One of the men stands on the large stone steps leading up to the building. The other stands on the ground holding a tripod and camera.
NOTES
Title from inventory prepared by Western History Department, Denver Public Library.
Number "20." written in lower corner of glass plate.
SUBJECTS
Archaeological sites--Mexico--Yucatan Peninsula--1910-1920.
Mayas.
Indians of Central America--Antiquities & archaeological sites--1910-1920.
Chichén Itzá Site (Mexico)--1910-1920.
Glass negatives.
Photographic prints.
MEDIUM
1 photonegative : glass ; 13 x 18 cm. (5 x 7 in.)
1 photoprint ; 12 x 17 cm. (4 3/4 x 6 1/2 in.)
REPRODUCTION NUMBER
N-342
REPOSITORY
Western History/Genealogy Department, Denver Public Library, 10 W. 14th Avenue Parkway, Denver, Colorado 80204.
DIGITAL ID
codhawp 00110342 http://cdm15330.contentdm.oclc.org/u?/p15330coll22,74013
Exploring the Early Americas
Mexican God Xipe-Totec
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Xipe–Totec, “Our lord the flayed one,” is manifested first in Teotihuacan culture and continues in importance up to Aztec times. He represents a fertility cult and was said to assist the earth in making a new skin each spring. The cult required the sacrifice of human victims by removing the heart and, afterward, flaying the skin. The priests of Xipe–Totec impersonated the god by wearing a gold–dyed human skin for twenty days, or until the skin rotted away. The priest would then emerge reborn.
Xipe-Totec priest wearing flayed human skin. Central Mexican Highlands. Aztec, AD 1400–1521. Painted volcanic basalt. Jay I. Kislak Collection, Rare Book and Special Collections Division, Library of Congress (065.00.00)
Learn more about Cortés and the Aztecs
Exploring the Early Americas
Map of Tenochtitlán
About this item
This volume contains the second and third letters sent by Hernán Cortés to Emperor Charles V. Cortés’s letters are reports and represent some of the earliest European accounts of Mexican people, culture, religion, and history. The accompanying map is the first European image in print of Tenochtitlán (Mexico City) and the Gulf Coast of Mexico. The plan shows a large and complex city with the main temple precinct and plaza, houses, principal thoroughfares, causeways, lakes, suburbs, and towns along the shore. The map draws on both European and indigenous sources.
Hernán Cortés. Praeclara Ferdina[n]di Cortesii de noua maris oceani. . . (Enlightenment of Ferdinand Cortés concerning new facts about the new sea and the ocean . . .). Nuremberg: Peypus, 1524. Facsimile. Jay I. Kislak Collection, Rare Book and Special Collections Division, Library of Congress (060.02.00)
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Ferdinand Cortes and Hernando de Soto in the camp of the Inca at Caxamalca. The order of his court and the reverence with which his subjects approached his person, astonished the Spaniards
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· Access to Original
· Title: Ferdinand Cortes and Hernando de Soto in the camp of the Inca at Caxamalca. The order of his court and the reverence with which his subjects approached his person, astonished the Spaniards / drawing by C. Colin.
· Date Created/Published: [1902?]
· Medium: 1 photomechanical print : halftone.
· Reproduction Number: LC-USZ62-104362 (b&w film copy neg.)
· Call Number: Illus. in E123.D6 [General Collections] [P&P]
· Notes:
o Illus. in: The Discovery and conquest of the new world. Conquest of Peru / Mexico and by W.W. Robertson. Cincinnati, O[hio]: W.H. Ferguson Company, c1902, p. 645.
o Reference copy in Lot 4409-D.
· Subjects:
o Cortés, Hernán,--1485-1547--Journeys--Peru--Cajamarca.
o Soto, Hernando de,--ca. 1500-1542--Journeys--Peru--Cajamarca.
o Discovery & exploration--Peru--Cajamarca--1530-1540.
o Incas--1520-1540.
· Format:
o Book illustrations--1900-1910.
o Halftone photomechanical prints--1900-1910.
· Collections:
o Miscellaneous Items in High Demand
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http://www.loc.gov/pictures/item/91789691/
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The seizure of Atahualpa at Cajamarca
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· Title: The seizure of Atahualpa at Cajamarca / J.M. Moreau junior, inv. ; P. Duflos Junior, sculp.
· Creator(s): Duflos, Pierre, 1742-1816, engraver
· Related Names:
Moreau, Jean Michel, 1741-1814 , artist
· Date Created/Published: [between 1760 and 1810]
· Medium: 1 print : engraving.
· Summary: Spaniards taking Atahualpa away as woman faints.
· Reproduction Number: LC-USZ62-122261 (b&w film copy neg.)
· Call Number: PGA - Duflos--The seizure of Atahualpa [...] (AA size) [P&P] [P&P]
· Repository: Library of Congress Prints and Photographs Division Washington, D.C. 20540 USA
· Notes:
o Reference copy in: BIOG FILE - Atahualpa, d. 1533.
· Subjects:
o Atahualpa,--d. 1533--Capture & imprisonment.
o Indians of South America--Capture & imprisonment--Peru--1530-1540.
o Incas--Capture & imprisonment--1530-1540.
· Format:
o Engravings--1760-1810.
· Collections:
o Popular Graphic Arts
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http://www.loc.gov/pictures/item/98519205/
Idol, Teoyaomiqui [i.e. Coatlicue
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· Title: Idol, Teoyaomiqui [i.e. Coatlicue]
· Creator(s): Jackson, William Henry, 1843-1942, photographer
· Related Names:
Detroit Publishing Co. , publisher
· Date Created/Published: [between 1880 and 1897]
· Medium: 1 negative : glass ; 8 x 5 in.
· Reproduction Number: LC-DIG-det-4a31419 (digital file from b&w glass transparency) LC-D418-8573 (b&w glass neg.)
· Call Number: LC-D418-8573 <P&P> [P&P]
· Repository: Library of Congress Prints and Photographs Division Washington, D.C. 20540 USA
· Notes:
o Corresponding glass transparency (with same series code) available on videodisc frame 1A-31419.
o Attribution to Jackson based on Catalogue of the W.H. Jackson Views (1898)
o In courtyard of National Museum.
o "6295" on transparency.
o Detroit Publishing Co. no. X 8573.
o Gift; State Historical Society of Colorado; 1949.
· Subjects:
o Sculpture.
o Idols.
o Aztecs.
o Indians of Mexico--Spiritual life.
o Mexico--Mexico City.
· Format:
o Dry plate negatives.
· Collections:
o Detroit Publishing Company
· Part of: Detroit Publishing Company Photograph Collection
· Bookmark This Record:
http://www.loc.gov/pictures/item/det1994006558/PP/
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· Collection: Detroit Publishing Company
Aztec calendar stone, City of Mexico
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· Title: Aztec calendar stone, City of Mexico
· Creator(s): Jackson, William Henry, 1843-1942, photographer
· Related Names:
Detroit Publishing Co. , publisher
· Date Created/Published: [between 1884 and 1900]
· Medium: 1 photomechanical print : photochrom, color.
· Reproduction Number: LC-USZC4-3232 (color film copy transparency)
· Call Number: LOT 12007, p. 18 <P&P> [P&P]
· Repository: Library of Congress Prints and Photographs Division Washington, D.C. 20540 USA
· Notes:
o In album prepared by Detroit Photographic Co. to use as a catalog in its office.
o Detroit Publishing Co., no. 51150.
o Gift; State Historical Society of Colorado; 1955.
· Subjects:
o Calendars.
o Sculpture.
o Aztecs.
o Indians of Mexico--Spiritual life.
o Mexico--Mexico City.
· Format:
o Photochrom prints--Color.
· Collections:
o Detroit Publishing Company
· Part of: Detroit Publishing Company Photograph Collection
· Bookmark This Record:
http://www.loc.gov/pictures/item/det1994000019/PP/
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JPEG (70kb) | TIFF (5.0mb)
color film copy transparency
http://hdl.loc.gov/loc.pnp/cph.3b52253
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Aztec priest performing the sacrificial offering of a living human's heart to the war god Huitzilopochtli
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· Access to Original
· Title: [Aztec priest performing the sacrificial offering of a living human's heart to the war god Huitzilopochtli]
· Date Created/Published: 1904.
· Medium: 1 print.
· Reproduction Number: LC-USZC4-743 (color film copy transparency) LC-USZ62-43569 (b&w film copy neg.)
· Rights Advisory: No known restrictions on publication.
· Call Number: Illus. in F1219.C685 [General Collections]
· Repository: Library of Congress Prints and Photographs Division Washington, D.C. 20540 USA
· Notes:
o Illus. in: illum. ms repr. in Codex Magliabecchi, XIII, II, 3. 1904 ed. p. 70.
o This record contains unverified, old data from caption card.
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o Miscellaneous Items in High Demand
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Exploring the Early Americas
Monumental Jaguar Sculpture
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The jaguar is extremely important in Maya cosmology. Jaguars are not only the special patrons and protectors of kings but are also the deities representing the sun in its nocturnal aspect. Many kings selected the name “Balam” meaning “jaguar”, on ascending to the throne. This particular sculpture is unusual because it is a full figure. Originally, it may have flanked the throne of a Maya lord or king.
Monumental jaguar sculpture. Mexico. Southern Veracruz. Maya, AD 600–900. Painted buff ceramic. Jay I. Kislak Collection, Rare Book and Special Collections Division, Library of Congress (019.00.00)
Learn more about Ritual, Ceremonies, and Celebrations
Exploring the Early Americas
Ballplayer Relief Panel
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Ritual ballgames were an integral part of the political and ritual life of ancient Mesoamerica. Many of the most vivid images of the game come from Maya artifacts. This limestone relief shows an ornately dressed player—most likely a nobleman—kneeling and about to strike a ball. Two hieroglyphs are lightly incised into the background of the relief near the forearm of the player, giving his name and title. On the second of the two glyphs is the spelling of the word “pitz,” translated as “ballgame” or "ballplayer."
Ballplayer relief panel. Guatemalan Lowlands. La Carona (Site “Q”). Maya, AD 550–950. Limestone. Jay I. Kislak Collection, Rare Book and Special Collections Division, Library of Congress (011.00.00)
Learn more about Ritual, Ceremonies, and Celebrations
Exploring the Early Americas
Views of Tenochtitlán and Cusco
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Civitates Orbis Terrarum, the first systematic city atlas, depicts cities from around the world, including these two in the Americas. The view of Tenochtitlán, the Aztec capital (site of the present Mexico City) that astonished the conquistadors when they first saw it, is based on a map in the letters of Hernán Cortés (1485–1547) published in 1524.
Important sites are included, such as the marketplace, the sacrificial temple, and palace of Moctezuma. The view is paired with one of Cusco, Peru, the capital city of the Inca Empire. The representation of Cusco shows the square bordered by the Inca palace, the great temple and the homes of senior dignitaries, from which four roads led to the most remote corners of the Inca empire. Dignitaries of the respective empires are depicted in the foreground of each view.
Georg Braun and Franz Hogenberg. “Mexico, regia et celebris Hispaniae novae civitas (Mexico, regal and reknowned state of New Spain)” and “Cusco, regni Peru in novo orbe caput (Cusco, capitol of the kingdom of Peru in the New World)” in Civitates Orbis Terrarum. (Commonwealths of the World) Cologne: T. Graminaeus, 1572. Jay I. Kislak Collection, Rare Book and Special Collections Division, Library of Congress (005.00.00)
Learn more about Urban Landscapes
Exploring the Early Americas
Tortuguero Box
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A full-length portrait of a Maya lord and forty-four hieroglyphic signs are carved on all sides of this diminutive offering box, one of very few surviving Maya personal objects made of wood. The text yields important insights into the complex hierarchical Maya social system. As we understand the text today, the main protagonist is the lord depicted on the cover, Aj K’ax B’ahlam, who held an important secondary office under the patronage of the seventh-century Tortuguero King Ik’ Muyil Muwaahn II. The text concludes with the date the box was made, October 14, AD 681, and names it the yotoot mayij or “offering container” of Aj K’ax B’ahlam himself.
The wooden offering container of Aj K'ax B'ahlam of Tortuguero. Mexico. Tabasco. Maya, AD 681. Wood (sapodilla) and red hematite. Jay I. Kislak Collection, Rare Book and Special Collections Division, Library of Congress (038.00.00)
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Diego Rivera (1886-1957)
The Creation [Illustration for Popol Vuh], ca. 1931
Watercolor and gouache on paper
Jay I. Kislak Collection
Rare Book and Special Collections Division (11.1)
© Banco de Mexico Diego Rivera & Frida Kahlo Museums Trust
Diego Rivera and the Popol Vuh
The Popol Vuh recounts the religious beliefs and legends of the ancient Quiché Maya, who inhabited the highlands of Guatemala. Probably originally recited, the text is thought to have been set down first in hieroglyphic by indigenous writers in the 1550s, at the request of a Jesuit priest. In the 1930s, Mexican artist, Diego Rivera, long a champion of indigenous people, was commissioned to create these illustrations for an English translation that was never published of the Popol Vuh story.
The Popol Vuh begins with an account of the creation of the world. In the center of this image are fully formed figures of a male and a female, as well as two stiff awkward human-like forms suggesting the three successive attempts to fashion a human being, first out of clay, then wood, and finally out of maize. Rivera may have begun the project with this illustration, as it alone bears a full signature and a color bar across the bottom, possibly to facilitate color reproduction.
Exploring the Early Americas
Peruvian Ruins