Civil War Daily Lesson Guide

Civil War Daily Lesson Guide

Pivotal Election of 1860:

· Who would you have voted for? ______Who won? ______; what were the Congressional election results? R______controlled the H____ and S_____ How would this impact the nation especially in terms of the South? Why? Agenda of Congress and the President would be against s______- South would feel ______

· What was the major result of this election? South s______from the Union. Which argument on the subject to you agree with more/Why? ______

· Buchanan evaluation: ______

· Why was holding the Border States important? ______

o Which two border states did Lincoln hold that were both put on as stars on the Confederate flag? M______and K______

o How did Lincoln keep Maryland? A_____ those who were going to vote to secede without a h_____. Even though suspending the writ of habeas corpus was unconstitutional, how do you evaluate this move by Lincoln? ______

o Which new state would form from pro-Union forces in a Confederate state? W___ V____

· Tactics and Strategy

o What was the job of the infantry? Soldiers who m____ and f____ ...cavalry? Soldiers on h______used for s______and guarding s______…artillery? C______

o What made the Civil War a modern war (also called the first modern war)? R______, t______(better communication), and o______(more a______rifles).

o Why were casualties higher in the Civil War than in previous wars? New b_____ could load rifles more q_____ and were more a______, but armies were still doing c______.

o Biggest North advantage/why? ______

o Biggest South advantage/why? ______

· Video clip: What offer was made to Lee and why did he turn it down? ______

· Section questions to know:

1. What resulted in Lincoln winning the 1860 election? S______

2. Who would be President of the Confederacy? J______D______

3. Along with states’ rights, what was the basis of the Confederacy? S______

4. ____ When compromise failed, what did the South seize? (A) federal arsenals and forts (B) cotton (C) border state factories and railroads (D) Union prisoners (E) all (F) none

5. ____ Which Southern general took Fort Sumter where the first shots were fired? (A) Robert E. Lee (B) Jefferson Davis (C) Stonewall Jackson (D) P.G.T. Beauregard (E) all (F) none

6. ____ How did Lincoln respond to Fort Sumter? (A) drafted soldiers (B) bombed the South (C) called for volunteers for 90 day enlistments (D) compromise (E) all (F) none

7. Lincoln’s overall goal (in addition to ending slavery) was to p______the U______.

8. What was the Confederate capital, which became the Union target? R______, VA

· Did you meet the objective? Why was the 1860 election significant in terms of the impacts? ______

Key Battles: Be sure to locate key battles by using the numbers given below for each battle.

· Overall Evaluation of Civil War Generals: + or – and why?

o George B. McClellan: ______

o Ambrose Burnside: ______

o Ulysses S. Grant: ______

o William Tecumseh Sherman: ______

o Robert E. Lee: ______

o Stonewall Jackson: ______

o James Longstreet: ______

o J.E.B. Stuart: ______

o Union MVP/why? ______

· Did you meet the objective? Which battle had the most significant results/why? ______

Battle of Gettysburg: (label key aspects of the battle on the map)

1. First Day – July 1, 1863

o Why was John Buford a hero on the first day? ______

o How did Richard Ewell make a big mistake for the South? ______

o What was J.E.B. Stuart’s failure (which never happened before)? ______

2. Second Day – July 2, 1863

o How did Gouverneur Warren see a key problem? ______

o Video clip: Why is Chamberlain’s position on Little Round Top a key position? ______

o Video clip: How did Joshua Chamberlain save the day (and perhaps the Union)? ______

3. Third Day – July 3, 1863

o Video clip: Why does Lee want to attack and where does he think is the best spot? ______

o Video clip: Why does James Longstreet think Pickett’s Charge will fail? ______

o What were the results? ______

· South’s mistake: ______

· Union contribution: ______

· Did you meet the objective? Why was Gettysburg and important battle? ______

Abraham Lincoln:

· Video segment questions:

1. What nickname was Lincoln given from compulsion for seeking the truth? H______A____

2. How did Lincoln get the South to start the war, not him? ______

3. ____ What was taken to NYC and used as a symbol to inspire patriotism in the Union? (A) a freed slave (B) U.S. flag from Fort Sumter (C) fallen soldier’s Bible (D) Davis’s flag

4. ____ Which holiday did Lincoln begin? (A) Memorial Day (B) Veterans Day (C) Thanksgiving (D) Martin Luther King Day (E) all (F) none

5. ____ How did Lincoln know about war tactics and strategy? (A) Mexican War vet (B) read and self-taught (C) went to West Point (D) buddies with Ulysses Grant (E) all (F) none

6. ____ How did Lincoln keep up to date on war news (major form of communication)? (A) pony express (B) telegraph (C) traveled to the front lines (D) walkie talkie (E) all (F) none

7. ____ After the death of their son Willie, Abe and Mary Todd Lincoln left the White House for a short time and went where? (A) back to Illinois (B) Ford’s Theater (C) jogging (D) soldier’s home (E) all (F) none

8. What did he issue that freed the slaves in the South? E______P______

9. In the Gettysburg Address, Lincoln recommitted to principles of D______of I______

10. What was George McClellan’s platform in 1864? ______

11. ____ What would Lincoln’s re-election mean in terms of public opinion? (A) Americans wanted to continue the war to end slavery (B) nation was split over slavery issue (C) most saw the war as lost (D) most wanted to make peace with the South (E) all (F) none

12. ____ How was the election of 1864 an example of Lincoln sticking with his principles and values? (A) he didn’t repeal the Emancipation Proclamation (B) he didn’t favor agreeing to an armistice (C) he refused to recognize the Confederacy (D) didn’t end the war (E) all (F) none

13. In his last speech, did he want to punish the South or not? ______

14. Lincoln was assassinated a F___ T______by J___ W____ B____ à see attached sheet:

15. What was (one of) Lincoln’s everlasting contributions? ______

· Example of overcoming adversity: ______

· How was Lincoln reconstructing the nation during the war? (1) Homestead Act: ______, (2) Morrill Land-Grant College Act: ______, (3) Pacific Railroad Act: ______

· How was Lincoln’s leadership in the war key to Union victory?

ü ______

· Primary Sources – In Lincoln’s own words:

o Gettysburg Address: How does Lincoln show re-commitment to the Declaration of Independence? ______

o Gettysburg Address: Why is it important to “long remember what they did here?” ______

o Gettysburg Address: How does Lincoln show his recommitment to the values of American democracy? ______

o Who was Lincoln’s friend who helped convince him to free the slaves? ______

o According to his Second Inaugural Address, how did Lincoln want to treat the South after the war? ______

o Examples of spirituality: ______

· Thinking questions:

o How did Lincoln see the nation as one nation under God indivisible with liberty and justice for all? ______

o Life lesson example: ______

· Did you meet the objective? Give Lincoln your presidency evaluation: ______

How the Union Won:

Leadership of Lincoln: ______

Proportion of losses: ______

No foreign intervention: ______

Pre-war advantages: ______

Successes of Union leaders:

o ______- responsible for taking Vicksburg and gaining control of the Mississippi River; devised strategy for all armies starting in 1864; took Richmond in Overland Campaign; forced Lee to surrender at Appomattox.

o ______- took Atlanta and the Deep South; forced Joseph Johnston (biggest army after Lee’s surrender) in North Carolina; used total war tactics.

o ______- cavalry leader who held the high ground at Gettysburg.

o ______- ordered bayonet charge on Little Round Top at Gettysburg.

Failures of Confederate leaders:

o ______- failed to take Culp’s Hill on the first day at Gettysburg.

o ______- failed to report information on Union movements going into the Battle of Gettysburg.

o ______- despite defensive strategies, twice led invasions into North.

o ______- unlike Lincoln, failed to see importance of Border states.

Did you meet the objective? What was the biggest reason the Union won? ______

Overview:

· Life lesson from Lincoln: ______

· Life lesson from Union soldiers: ______

· Rank the 3 most important generals of the war in terms and how each made an impact.

1. ______- ______

2. ______- ______

3. ______- ______

4. ______- ______

5. ______- ______

· Why did the Union win the Civil War (cite what you believe to be the most important reason). ______

· Future: ______

· Necessity of the war: ______

· If secession were legal: ______

· What if: ______

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