Table S1 Nucleotide mutations of thetrnL-trnF region among the fresh wood (F), dried wood (D), xylariumspecimen (X) and leaves of Aquilaria sinensis and GenBank sequencesthat were analyzed. Substitutions and insertions are indicated in red bold and deletions are indicated by“-”. S-sapwood; H-heartwood; A-Aquilaria; G-Gyrinops.

Position
Taxon / 40 / 50 / 60 / 61 / 62 / 63 / 64 / 65 / 106 / 112 / 117 / 155 / 189 / 190 / 191 / 192 / 193 / 200 / 264 / 286 / 290 / 312 / 322 / 332 / 337 / 338 / 339 / 340 / 341 / 355 / 358 / 366 / 367 / 368 / 369 / 370 / 371 / 378 / 382 / 397 / 408 / 411
FS /FH / A / T / T / T / T / T / T / G / T / A / T / A / - / - / - / - / - / A / G / C / C / C / C / G / T / A / T / T / T / C / C / T / T / T / - / - / T / A / T / T / G / A
DS /DH (80°C,3d) / A / T / T / T / T / T / T / G / T / A / T / A / - / - / - / - / - / A / G / C / C / C / C / G / T / A / T / T / T / C / C / T / T / T / - / - / T / A / T / T / G / A
DS (120°C,10 d) / A / T / T / T / T / T / T / G / T / A / T / A / - / - / - / - / - / A / G / C / C / C / C / G / T / A / T / T / T / C / C / T / T / T / - / - / T / A / T / T / G / A
XS /XH / A / T / T / T / T / T / T / G / T / A / T / A / - / - / - / - / - / A / G / C / C / C / C / G / T / A / T / T / T / C / C / T / T / T / - / - / T / A / T / T / G / A
Leaves / A / T / T / T / T / T / T / G / T / A / T / A / - / - / - / - / - / A / G / C / C / C / C / G / T / A / T / T / T / C / C / T / T / T / - / - / T / A / T / T / G / A
A.sinensis(GU736358) / A / T / T / T / T / T / T / G / T / A / T / A / - / - / - / - / - / A / G / C / C / C / C / G / T / A / T / T / T / T / T / T / T / T / - / - / T / A / T / T / G / A
A.sinensis (EU652672) / G / T / T / T / - / - / - / G / G / A / T / A / - / - / - / - / - / A / A / C / C / C / C / G / T / A / T / T / T / C / C / T / T / T / - / - / T / A / T / T / A / A
A.sinensis (EU652673) / G / T / T / T / - / - / - / G / G / A / T / A / - / - / - / - / - / A / A / C / C / C / C / G / T / A / T / T / T / C / C / T / T / T / - / - / T / A / T / T / A / A
A.sinensis (EU652674) / G / T / T / T / T / - / - / G / G / A / T / A / - / - / - / - / - / A / A / C / C / C / C / G / T / A / T / T / T / C / C / T / T / T / - / - / T / A / T / T / G / A
A.sinensis (EU652675) / G / T / T / T / T / - / - / G / G / A / T / A / - / - / - / - / - / A / A / C / C / C / C / G / T / A / T / T / T / C / C / T / T / T / - / - / T / A / T / T / G / A
A.sinensis (EU652676) / G / T / T / T / T / - / - / G / G / A / T / A / - / - / - / - / - / A / A / C / C / C / C / G / T / A / T / T / T / C / C / T / T / T / - / - / T / A / T / T / G / A
A.sinensis (EU652677) / A / T / T / T / - / - / - / G / T / A / T / A / - / - / - / - / - / A / G / C / C / C / - / G / T / A / T / T / T / C / C / T / T / T / - / - / T / A / T / T / G / A
A.sinensis (EU652678) / A / T / T / T / - / - / - / G / T / A / T / A / - / - / - / - / - / A / G / C / C / C / - / G / T / A / T / T / T / C / C / T / T / T / - / - / T / A / T / T / G / A
A.sinensis (EU652679) / G / T / T / T / T / T / - / G / G / A / T / A / - / - / - / - / - / A / A / C / C / C / C / G / T / A / T / T / T / C / C / T / T / T / - / - / T / A / T / T / A / A
A.sinensis (EU652680) / G / T / T / T / T / T / - / G / G / A / T / A / - / - / - / - / - / A / A / C / C / C / C / G / T / A / T / T / T / C / C / T / T / T / - / - / T / A / T / T / A / A
A.beccariana (AY216740) / A / T / T / - / - / - / - / G / T / A / T / A / - / - / - / - / - / C / G / C / C / C / C / T / T / A / T / T / T / C / C / T / T / - / - / - / - / A / G / T / G / C
A.beccariana (AY216741) / A / T / T / T / T / - / - / - / T / A / T / A / - / - / - / - / - / C / G / C / C / C / C / T / T / A / T / T / T / C / C / T / T / - / - / - / - / A / G / T / G / C
A. citrinicarpa (AY216742) / A / G / T / T / - / - / - / G / T / A / T / C / - / - / - / - / - / A / G / C / C / C / C / G / T / A / T / T / T / C / C / T / T / T / - / - / - / C / T / T / G / C
A.khasiana (AY216744) / A / T / T / T / - / - / - / - / T / A / T / A / - / - / - / - / - / A / G / C / G / A / C / T / T / A / T / T / T / C / C / T / - / - / - / - / - / A / T / T / G / C
A.malaccensis (AY216745) / A / T / T / G / - / - / - / - / T / A / T / A / - / - / - / - / - / C / G / C / C / C / C / T / T / A / T / T / T / C / C / T / T / T / - / - / - / A / G / T / G / C
A.malaccensis (AY216746) / A / T / T / - / - / - / - / G / T / A / T / A / - / - / - / - / - / C / G / C / C / C / C / T / T / A / T / T / T / C / C / T / T / T / - / - / - / A / G / T / G / C
A.malaccensis (AY216747) / A / T / T / - / - / - / - / G / T / A / T / A / - / - / - / - / - / C / G / C / C / C / C / T / T / A / T / T / T / C / C / T / T / T / - / - / - / A / G / T / G / C
A. parvifolia (AY216748) / A / G / T / - / - / - / - / G / T / A / T / C / - / - / - / - / - / A / G / C / C / C / C / G / T / A / T / T / T / C / C / T / T / - / - / - / - / C / T / T / G / C
A. urdanetensis (AY216750) / A / G / T / - / - / - / - / G / T / A / T / C / - / - / - / - / - / A / G / C / C / C / C / G / T / A / T / T / T / C / C / T / T / T / - / - / - / C / T / T / G / C
G. cf. caudate (AY216751) / A / G / T / - / - / - / - / G / T / C / T / A / - / - / - / - / - / A / G / C / C / C / C / T / G / A / T / T / T / C / C / T / T / - / - / - / - / A / T / T / G / C
G. cf. caudate (AY216752) / A / G / T / - / - / - / - / G / T / C / T / A / - / - / - / - / - / A / G / C / C / C / C / T / G / A / T / T / T / C / C / T / T / - / - / - / - / A / T / T / G / C
G. ledermannii(AY216755) / A / G / - / - / - / - / - / G / T / A / G / A / T / T / A / A / C / A / G / C / C / C / C / G / T / A / T / T / T / C / C / T / T / T / - / - / T / A / T / G / G / C
G. podocarpa(AY216756) / A / G / T / - / - / - / - / G / T / A / T / A / - / - / - / - / - / A / G / C / C / C / C / T / - / - / - / - / - / C / C / T / T / T / T / T / T / A / T / T / G / C
G.salicifolia (AY216757) / A / G / T / - / - / - / - / G / T / A / T / A / - / - / - / - / - / A / G / C / C / C / C / T / - / - / - / - / - / C / C / T / T / T / - / - / T / A / T / T / G / C
G.walla (AY216758) / A / T / T / - / - / - / - / - / T / A / T / A / - / - / - / - / - / A / G / G / G / C / C / T / T / A / T / T / T / C / C / - / - / - / - / - / - / A / T / T / G / C

Table S2 Nucleotide mutations of the ITS1 region amongthe fresh wood (F), dried wood (D), xylariumspecimen (X) and leaves of Aquilaria sinensis and GenBank sequencesthat were analyzed. Substitutions and insertions are indicated in red bold and deletions are indicated by“-”. S-sapwood; H-heartwood; A-Aquilaria; G-Gyrinops.

Position
Taxon / 1 / 20 / 32 / 64 / 66 / 69 / 70 / 72 / 80 / 83 / 102 / 114 / 127 / 130 / 149 / 155 / 159 / 163 / 164 / 165 / 169 / 172 / 182 / 184 / 186 / 187 / 193 / 200 / 202 / 206 / 207 / 208
FS /FH / C / T / G / C / T / T / G / C / C / T / C / A / C / C / A / C / T / T / C / G / A / C / G / - / G / G / A / G / T / A / C / G
DS /DH (80°C,3d) / C / T / G / C / T / T / G / C / C / T / C / A / C / C / A / C / T / T / C / G / A / C / G / - / G / G / A / G / T / A / C / G
DS (120°C,10 d) / C / T / G / C / T / T / G / C / C / T / C / A / C / C / A / C / T / T / C / G / A / C / G / - / G / G / A / G / T / A / C / G
XS / C / T / G / C / T / T / G / C / C / T / C / A / C / C / A / C / T / T / C / G / A / C / G / - / G / G / A / G / T / A / C / G
Leaves / C / T / G / C / T / T / G / C / C / T / C / A / C / C / A / C / T / T / C / G / A / C / G / - / G / G / A / G / T / A / C / G
A. sinensis (FJ980392) / C / T / G / C / T / T / G / C / C / T / C / A / C / C / A / C / T / T / C / G / A / C / G / - / G / G / A / G / T / A / C / G
A. sinensis (EF645833) / C / T / G / C / T / T / G / C / C / T / C / A / C / C / A / C / T / T / C / A / A / C / G / - / G / G / G / G / T / A / C / G
A. sinensis (EF645834) / C / T / G / T / T / T / G / C / C / T / C / A / C / T / A / C / T / T / C / G / A / C / A / - / G / G / A / G / T / A / C / G
A. sinensis (EF645836) / C / T / G / C / T / T / G / C / C / T / C / A / C / C / A / C / T / T / C / G / A / C / G / - / G / G / A / G / T / A / C / G
A. sinensis (GQ891956) / C / T / G / T / T / T / G / C / C / T / C / A / C / T / A / C / T / T / C / G / A / C / A / - / G / G / A / G / T / A / C / G
A.rugosa (AY920328) / C / T / G / C / T / C / G / T / C / C / T / A / T / C / A / T / T / C / C / G / A / C / G / - / G / T / A / G / T / A / C / G
A.rugosa (AY920329) / C / T / G / C / T / C / G / T / C / C / T / A / T / C / A / T / T / C / C / G / A / C / G / - / G / T / A / G / T / A / C / G
A.rugosa (AY920330) / C / T / G / C / T / C / G / T / C / C / T / A / T / C / A / T / T / C / C / G / A / C / G / - / G / T / A / G / T / A / C / G
G. ledermannii(AY920331) / C / T / G / C / T / C / G / C / T / T / C / A / T / C / A / T / T / C / T / G / T / T / G / - / G / G / A / A / T / A / T / G
G. walla (FJ605462) / T / C / A / C / C / G / A / C / C / - / C / - / T / C / G / C / - / C / A / G / A / T / G / G / A / G / A / G / G / T / G / A

Table S3 The number of nucleotide mutations in the trnL-trnF region among wood tissues of Aquilaria sinensis in the study and GenBank sequences of the genusAquilaria(A) and Gyrinops(G).

Taxon / Substi-
tution / Inser-
tion / Dele-
tion / Total
Intraspecific differences / A.sinensis(GU736358) / 2 / 0 / 0 / 2
A.sinensis (EU652672) / 4 / 0 / 3 / 7
A.sinensis (EU652673) / 4 / 0 / 3 / 7
A.sinensis (EU652674) / 3 / 0 / 2 / 5
A.sinensis (EU652675) / 3 / 0 / 2 / 5
A.sinensis (EU652676) / 3 / 0 / 2 / 5
A.sinensis (EU652677) / 0 / 0 / 4 / 4
A.sinensis (EU652678) / 0 / 0 / 4 / 4
A.sinensis (EU652679) / 4 / 0 / 1 / 5
A.sinensis (EU652680) / 4 / 0 / 1 / 5
Interspecific differences / A.beccariana (AY216740) / 4 / 0 / 6 / 10
A.beccariana (AY216741) / 4 / 0 / 5 / 9
A. citrinicarpa (AY216742) / 4 / 0 / 4 / 8
A.khasiana (AY216744) / 4 / 0 / 7 / 11
A.malaccensis (AY216745) / 5 / 0 / 5 / 10
A.malaccensis (AY216746) / 4 / 0 / 5 / 9
A.malaccensis (AY216747) / 4 / 0 / 5 / 9
A. parvifolia (AY216748) / 4 / 0 / 6 / 10
A. urdanetensis (AY216750) / 4 / 0 / 5 / 9
G. cf. caudate (AY216751) / 5 / 0 / 6 / 11
G. cf. caudate (AY216752) / 5 / 0 / 6 / 11
G. ledermannii(AY216755) / 4 / 5 / 5 / 14
G. podocarpa(AY216756) / 3 / 2 / 9 / 14
G.salicifolia (AY216757) / 3 / 0 / 9 / 12
G.walla (AY216758) / 4 / 0 / 9 / 13

Table S4 The number of nucleotide mutations in the ITS1 region among wood tissues of Aquilaria sinensis in the study and GenBank sequences of the genusAquilaria(A) and Gyrinops(G).

Taxon / Substi-
tution / Inser-
tion / Dele-
tion / Total
Intraspecific differences / A. sinensis (FJ980392) / 0 / 0 / 0 / 0
A. sinensis (EF645833) / 2 / 0 / 0 / 2
A. sinensis (EF645834) / 3 / 0 / 0 / 3
A. sinensis (EF645836) / 0 / 0 / 0 / 0
A. sinensis (GQ891956) / 3 / 0 / 0 / 3
Interspecific differences / A.rugosa (AY920328) / 8 / 0 / 0 / 8
A.rugosa (AY920329) / 8 / 0 / 0 / 8
A.rugosa (AY920330) / 8 / 0 / 0 / 8
G. ledermannii(AY920331) / 10 / 0 / 0 / 10
G. walla (FJ605462) / 16 / 1 / 3 / 20

1